Objective To prepare human hepatocellular carcinoma targeted liposome microbubbles and investigate their immunological properties.Methods Human hepatocarcinoma specific monoclonal antibody HAb18 was attached to the surface of self made liposome microbubbles by electrostatic attraction to prepare immunoliposome microbubbles.The combination of HAb18 with liposome microbubbles was proved by slide agglutination test and immunofluorescent assay.Their immunological activity was measured by ELISA.Rosset formation test,rosset formation blocking test and immunofluorescent assay were used to identify the specific binding of immunoliposome microbubbles to SMMC 7721 cells,while cytotoxicity assay was used to detect their effect on human hepatocytes.Results Immunoliposome microbubbles were positive in slide agglutination test and immunofluorescent assay.ELISA indicated that the immunological activity of HAb18 on liposome microbubbles was similar to that of free HAb18.SMMC 7721 cells were surrounded by immunoliposome microbubbles to form rossets,while control cells were negative.Proliferation of human hepatocytes was not influenced by immunoliposome microbubbles.Conclusions Immunoliposome microbubbles with high specific biological activity were prepared successfully.The contrast agent can bind to human hepatocarcinoma cells specially and effectively.The results may pave the way for further studies.