HC is very common in international classification of diseases. ICD-9 and ICD- 10 differ in their hypothesis. HC refers to the way of coding according to the occurrence of the most frequent clinical cases. Since the most frequent clinical cases are determined in accordance with the clinical cases in Western countries, they may often be contradictory to the diagnoses by clinicians in China. Thus it is imperative to understand and grasp the definition, identification and evolution of HC in intemational classification of diseases so as to arrive at more exact coding.

Currently, about 300 million people worldwide are affected by asthma. Most of these sufferers inhale immunosuppressants (ie corticosteroids) and beta-adrenergic receptor agonists for their asthma treatment. However, about 5%-10% of patients of asthma have poor response to such treatment. Investigation of kinase signaling pathway and nuclear transcription factor as a target molecule in the treatment of allergic asthma has been the concern of scholars home and abroad. This paper reviewed inhibitors of kinase signaling pathway and nuclear transcription factors for the treatment of asthma.

Objective To assess whether 5-HTR1A C( - 1019) G and GNβ3 C825T gene polymorphisms are associated with post-stroke depression (PSD) and explore the genetic mechanism of the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression. Methods All 159 patients with first stroke were divided into the PSD group and the control group according to HAMD scores. Their genotypes were determined with polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific restriction enzyme analysis. Results The frequency of 5-HTR1A (-1019) GG genotype(8/53,15. 1% ), G allele (44/106,41.5%)and GNβ3 825T allele(68/106,64. 2% ) were significantly higher in the post-stroke depression group than in the controls (5/106,4.7% ;35/212, 16. 5%; 113/212, 53.3%; ×2 = 23.204, 23. 655, 3. 392, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). Combined genotype analysis showed that individuals with both 5-HTR1A ( - 1019) G and GNβ3 825T allele ( OR =4. 980,95% CI 2. 429-10. 210,P =0. 000) had a higher risk than those with 5-HTR1 A (-1019) G allele ( OR = 3. 589,95% CI 2. 113-6. 096, P = 0. 000) or GNβ3 825T allele ( OR = 0. 638,95% CI 0.395-1. 031 ,P =0. 042) only for post-stroke depression. Conclusion The 5-HTR1A C( - 1019)G and GNβ3 C825T polymorphisms are predisposing genes of post-stroke depression. Our data also suggest a significant interaction between the 5-HTR1A ( - 1019)G allele and GNβ3 825T allele in post-stroke depression.

Anemia, Hemolytic ; complications ; Child ; Humans ; Pneumonia ; complications

SF-36 scale has been widely accepted because of its objectivity and scientificity. However, until now its application in TCM treatment for rheumatoid arthritis is not common. This article discussed the significance of SF-36 scale as the main content of life quality assessment in the efficacy evaluation system of TCM treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, which can provide certain references for the promotion of the application in this field.

Clinical teaching mode based on the theory of empowerment is a combination of the theory of em -powerment and clinical teaching activities .It emphasizes a student -centered philosophy .By empowering students in clinical teaching , the teachers can continuously stimulate the students 'initiative and thereby give full play to the students'potential.Starting from a discussion on of cases in clinical teaching , this thesis builds an effective student -leading mode of clinical teaching based on the theory of empowerment , tries to construct a clinical teaching theoretical system based on the theory of empowerment and explores strategies for practice , in order to improve clinical teaching effectiveness and promote reform in clinical teaching education .

Objective To investigate the application value of combination of ambroxol and fluidmicronized ipratropium bromide in full dose and frequency in treating senile refractory pneumonia.Methods From January 2010 to November 2013,84 cases of elderly patients with refractory pneumonia were divided into 3 groups.On the basis of anti-inflammatory and symptomatic treatment,the control group (n=28) received routine sputum suction and normal saline irrigation;the routine dose group (n=28) received the intravenous ambroxol 15 mg twice daily and the inhalation of 2.5 ml of nebulized ipratropium bromide once daily plus treatment in control group while full dose group (n=28) received intravenous ambroxol hydrochloride 30 mg three times a day and the inhalation of 2.5 ml of nebulized ipratropium bromide four times a day.The severity of pulmonary infection was described by clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) and C reactive protein (CRP),and therapeutic efficiency was evaluated by clinical symptom remission time,average hospitalization days and effective rate.Results At the 5 day and 10 days after treatment,the CPIS in full dose group was (4.82 ± 1.21) scores and (4.39± 1.03),respectively,C-reactive protein (CRP) was (58.11 ± 11.12) mg/L and (57.57±12.69) mg/L respectively,and these CPIS and CRP values at the 5 day and 10 days were significantly lower than those in the control group (6.10 ± 1.10) scores and (5.36 ± 0.95) scores,(74.50± 12.79)mg/L and (68.46± 13.77) mg/L (all P＜0.05).The above Values were lower as compared with those [(5.43±0.84) and (5.21 ±0.83),(65.11 ±834) mg/L and (59.11± 13.77) mg/L (P＜ 0.05)] in routine dose group.The CPIS and CRP concentration in full dose group and routine dose group were lower at the 10 days than at the 5 days (P＜0.05).Besides,clinical symptom remission time (4.43 ± 1.75) days,average hospitalization duration(26.32 ± 4.92) days in full dose group,clinical symptom remission time (5.68 ± 2.29) day,average hospitalization (32.21 ± 5.63) days in conventional dose group were significantly lower than in the control group (7.79±2.74) and (36.71 ± 11.78) days (P ＜ 0.05).Clinical manifestation,time of remission,and average hospitalization days of the full dose group were also reduced as compared with the conventional dose group (P＜0.05).The efficiency rates in the three groups of control,conventional dose and full dose were 42.9％ (12/28),71.4％ (20/28),92.9％ (26/28),among which the efficiency of full dose group was significantly higher than those of the control group and the conventional dose group,(x2 =16.047,6.788,P＜0.01).The conventional dose group showed a higher efficiency than the control group (x2 =4.667,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Combination of ambroxol and fluid-micronized ipratropium bromidet in full dose and frequency for treating senile refractory pneumonia is a useful managemen in the elderly patients.

MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey has been widely recognized, but the application in the field of traditional Chinese medicine rheumatism was less. This article aimed to summarize the application of MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey in Chinese medicine for rheumatism. This may provide certain reference for the future application.

AIM: There are many active components of tonifying kidney to strengthen the bone in Kanggu Zengsheng capsule, but there are few reports about its effect in treating bone fracture. CR molybdenum target X-ray is often used in mammary gland examination and disease diagnosis. This study detected the callus density during fracture healing in rats by CR molybdenum target X-ray to explore the promoting effects of Kanggu Zengsheng capsule on fracture healing. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Laboratory Centre of Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July 2005 to March 2006. Sixty Wistar rats with an equal amount of males and females, 170-200 g, aged 9-10 months were randomly divided into experimental group and control group (n =30). After the tibial fracture model was made, the rats in the experimental group were given 1 mL Kanggu Zengsheng capsule suspension, 14.00-15.75 mg for each, once daily, while the rats in the control group orally took matching normal saline (9 g/L) once daily. All animals were executed under anesthesia by batch on the 3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th, and 33rd days after the operation, separately. The diameter of callus was measured with vernier caliper. The values of callus density were calculated by image analysis system in the CR molybdenum target X-ray. RESULTS: Sixty rats were all included in the final analysis. The photo of CR molybdenum target X-ray showed clear bone lines, and bone and soft tissue were evident. During the process of fracture union, there were significant differences in callus density between the two groups (P

Objective To study the possibility and value of double-catheter-balloon technique for embolization of high-flow carotid cavernous fistula (CCF).Methods Three high-flow CCFs, which can't be completely occluded by 1 detachable balloon, were treated with the technique. By the way of bilateral femoral arteries approach, 2 detachable balloons were advanced to the internal carotid artery (ICA). After passing through the fistula, both balloons were inflated on the venous side in order to occlude the fistula. Results All CCFs were occluded completely and the ICAs remained patent. This procedure was easy and safe without increasing the risk of interventional therapy.Conclusions The application of double-catheter-balloon technique for high-flow CCF should be an effective method of choice during failure of 1 balloon procedure and simultaneously maintainning the patency of ICAs completely.