Objective: To explore the effect of application of standardized communication mode in doctor -nurse communication. Methods:Using stratified cluster sampling method, 96 nurses and 49 doctors from 10 nursing units were invited to participate in this study. The standardized communication mode training was carried out for nurses, which was implemented by communication guide and electronic medical interaction system. The doctors′satisfaction to nurses′job was evaluated before and after the implementation, and the nursing staffs′attitude toward standardized communication mode was investigated. Results:After 1 year, doctors′satisfaction to nurses′job was higher than that of before, the difference was statistically significant. Nursing staffs′acceptance toward standardized communication mode presented a high level. Conclusions:The standardized communication mode is beneficial to improve the doctor′s satisfaction to the nurses′work, especially in understanding of the disease condition, profes-sional knowledge and cooperation with the doctors. This communication mode is worthy popularizing in the clinical situation.

Objective:To survey the level of hospice care and the influencing factors in Shaanxi province. Methods:Interview and return visit method was used to investigate. Results:In total 235 patients, 37. 02% patients received hos-pice care. There is not significant difference between hospice users and no hospice users in sex and geographic differ-ences. There was significant difference between hospice users and no hospice users in personal ages, and in gap between urban and rural areas. and in medical payment, and in basic lesions. Malignant tumor patients receive hospice care most-ly. No patient received hospice care patients with acute trauma. The effect of ages on hospice is maximum ( OR =2. 877). Basic lesions is an important cause of influence whether patients receiving hospice care services(OR=1. 569). Conclusion:The level of hospice care is low in Shaanxi. The age and basic lesions is influencing factors of hospice care. The geographic differences has no effect on hospice care.

Objective:To seek the short term standardization study nurses training education content and the ap-proach to learning, provide theoretical basis for improving the study effect of nurse training.Methods:Choosing 3 ~6 months in 2014 in our hospital study questionnaire survey was conducted among 114 nurses, questionnaire by general in-formation, content of training needs, demand method of three parts and using SPSS19.0 to analyze the collected data. Results:The 82.7%of study nurses think pre-service training is very necessary.Pre-service training demand of the top three comprises:occupational protection (82.7%), health care, with communication skills (80.0%) and infection prevention and control (78.2%).Refresher training needs during the top three in turn:specialized rescue of critically ill patients and cooperation (88.2%), clinical application and nursing adverse event processing (79.1%), effective communication nurses and patients (79.1%).Demand content score between the different degree and the title of ad-vanced nurse was statistically difference (P<0.05).The training methods, in the first three order practice (89.10%), seminar (74.5%), case analysis and discussion (67.30%).Conclusion:According to the study demand of nurse stand-ardized training content and ways of learning, considering the influence factors such as education, job title, targeted training plan, improve the effect of short-term training.

Objective To compare the difference of the left ventricular structure and diastolic func-tion in normotensive offspring with or without a family history of hypertension. Methods One hundred nor-motensive offspring were assessed. Fifty had a family history of hypertension (experimental group) and 50 had no family hi.history of hypertension (control group). By eehocardiography and Doppler tissue imaging, the following parameters of left ventricular structure and diastolic function were examined: interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventrieular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left ventricular internal dimension (LVIDed), left ventrieular mass index(LVMI) and E/A. Results Compared with control group, experimen-tal group had higher IVST, LVPWT and LVMI, lower peak velocity of the early diastolic wave (e) of mitral annulus, and lower e/a (P<0.05). No differences in LVIDed, left atrial diameter (LA),aortic dimension(AOD), E,A and E/A were found between the two groups. Conclusion The results indicate that genetic factor of parental hypertension influence left ventrieular structure and diastolic function in normotensive offspring, which may precede the elevation of blood pressure.

Objective To investigate the expression level and clinical significance of WT1 gene in acute luekemia (AL) patients.Methods WT1 gene level was detected by real time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients.Then the expression levels of WT1 gene in different subtypes of AML were compared,and the correlation between gene expression and disease courses and prognosis were observed.Moreover,the relationship between disease courses and WT1 expression in patiens after receiving haemopoietic stem cell transplantation were analyzed.Results Among 66 cases,WT1 expression positive rate was 87.5 ％ (14/16) in AML and 76.0 ％ (38/50) in ALL.In AML,the expression level in M3 showed the lowest than that in any other subtypes (compared with M1,M2,M4,M5,P value was 0.040,0.007,0.006 and 0.01,respectively).The expression level of WT1 was closely correlated with leukemia disease courses.The expression level in complete remission (CR) group showed a significant lower expression level than that in non-remission group (P =0.018) and relapse group (P =0.003),and the re-increase of WT1 expression level could predict relapse as early as 1.5 months.Moreover,WT1 expression also showed an close relationship with prognosis of patients receiving haemopoietic stem cell transplantation.Patients whose WT1 was undetectable had a better prognosis than those with persistent expression,and increase again after becoming undetectable.Conclusion WT1 has a high expression level in AL,which can represent minimal residual disease.The expression level in M3 was lowest than that in different AML subtypes,and its expression level has a close correlation with clinical disease course and prognosis of AL.

Objective To explore the effect of oral ice cream holding for prevention and treatment of radioactive oral mucositis .Methods Sixty patients with oral and maxillofacial carcinoma were included and divided into control group and intervention group through a random number table , with 30 cases in each group . Patients in the control group accepted routine oral care after radiotherapy daily .Besides that , patients in intervention group hold the ice cream in the mouth 30 min before and after radiotherapy daily .The occurrence of radioactive oral mucositis was recorded .Results From 0 to IV degree, oral mucositis occurred in twelve , eight, four, four, two cases respectively in control group;but that in the control group was nineteen ,five,three,two, one cases respectively .There were three cases in the control group eventually who stopped radiotherapy for oral mucositis, only one case to stop radiotherapy in the intervention group .The difference of the rate of radioactive oral mucositis between the two groups was statistically significant (H=14.1, P=0.00).The average time of the first appearance of oral mucositis in each degree in the intervention group were shorten than those of the control group, which showed statistically significant differences ( t =6.7, 3.8, 11.2, 33.1, 19.3, respectively;P<0.05).Conclusions Holding ice cream in the mouth after radiotherapy is an effective way to prevent and treat oral mucositis , and it is a simple , practicable , and acceptable way for patients .

Objective To assess the association between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene polymorphisms and the risk of hypertension in autoimmune mechanism.Methods We conducted a case-control study including 205 hypertensives and 205 controls matched with sex and age,from a community-based population.KIR genes of all subjects were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP).Conditional logistic regression model and generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method were used to estimate the association among KIR gene polymorphisms and the risk of hypertension.Results The genotypic frequencies of KIRs were not significantly different between the hypertensives and the control groups (P＞0.05).Among all the models of GMDR concerning the association between interactions of KIR genes and essential hypertension,the testing accuracy of the interaction between K/R2DS2 and KIR2DS3 was the highest (55.13％),with cross-validation consistency as 10/10 (P=0.054).Results from the conditional logistic regression showed that individuals with KIR2DS2 +:KIR2DS3-were significantly associated with an increased risk on hypertension (OR=2.555,95％CI:1.203-5.429,P=0.015).However,individuals with KIR2DS2 +:KIR2DS3 + were significantly associated with a reduced risk of hypertension (0R=0.268,95％ CI:0.088-0.815,P=0.020).Individuals with KIR2DS2-KIR2DS3 + did not seem to be associated with the risk of hypertension (0R=1.602,95％ C I:0.785-3.266,P=0.195),when compared to the KIR2DS2-KIR2DS3-group.Interactions between KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS3 were significantly associated with the risk of hypertension,after adjusted for BMI,smoking,drinking and family history of hypertension (OR=0.065,95％CI:0.013-0.317,P=0.001).Conclusion Individuals with KIR2DS2 and no KIR2DS3 were associated with the increased risk of hypertension.KIR2DS2 that coexisted with KIR2DS3 were associated with the reduced risk of hypertension.Antagonism between KIR2DS2 and KIR2DS3 might serve as a protect factor for hypertension.

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of pterostilbene against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced acute damage in HaCaT cells,and to explore related mechanisms.Methods The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazo1ium (MTS) assay and flow cytometry were performed to estimate the proliferative activity and the apoptosis and necrosis rate of HaCaT cells treated with different concentrations of pterostilbene respectively,so as to screen the non-toxic concentration of pterostilbene.HaCaT cells were randomly divided into several groups:normal control group receiving no treatment,UVB group irradiated with 57 mJ/cm2 UVB,3 pterostilbene groups treated with 2.44,4.88 and 9.75 μmol/L pterostilbene respectively for 24 hours,3 pterostilbene + UVB groups treated with 2.44,4.88 and 9.75 μmol/L pterostilbene respectively for 24 hours followed by UVB radiation.Western blot analysis was conducted to detect changes of the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in cell nuclei and cytoplasm before and after the treatment with pterostilbene and UVB,quantitative PCR to determine the mRNA expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the HaCaT cells,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to evaluate the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase.Results MTS assay and flow cytometry showed that 2.44,4.88 and 9.75 μmol/L pterostilbene had non-toxic effect on HaCaT cells.The protein expression of Nrf2 in the nuclei and cytoplasm in the normal control group was 1.03 ± 0.08 and 1.04 ± 0.11 respectively.Compared with the normal control group,the protein expression of Nrf2 in the nuclei and cytoplasm experienced no significant changes in the 2.44-,4.88-and 9.75-μmol/L pterostilbene groups,and the UVB group showed similar protein expression of Nrf2 in the cytoplasm,but significantly increased protein expression of Nrf2 in the nuclei (1.77 ± 0.08,q =17.24,P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the normal control group and UVB group,the 2.44-,4.88-and 9.75-μmol/L pterostilbene + UVB groups all showed significantly lower protein expression of Nrf2 in the cytoplasm (0.86 ± 0.10,0.87 ± 0.11 and 0.46 ± 0.11 respectively,all P ＜ 0.05),but significantly higher protein expression of Nrf2 in the nuclei (2.38 ± 0.11,2.57 ± 0.11 and 2.07 ± 0.13,all P ＜ 0.01).As qPCR showed,UVB radiation could significantly inhibit the mRNA expression of CAT (P ＜ 0.05),but had no obvious effect on the mRNA expression of SOD (P ＞ 0.05).The mRNA expression of CAT and SOD experienced no significant changes in the 2.44-,4.88-and 9.75-μmol/L pterostilbene groups compared with the normal control group (P ＞ 0.05).However,2.44,4.88 and 9.75 μmol/L pterostilbene could significantly reduce the inhibitory effect of UVB radiation on the mRNA expression of CAT (P ＜ 0.05) and up-regulate the mRNA expression of SOD in the pterostilbene + UVB groups (P ＜ 0.05).ELISA revealed that UVB radiation could inhibit the activity of CAT and SOD in the HaCaT cells (both P ＜ 0.001),while 2.44,4.88 and 9.75 μmol/L pterostilbene could reduce the inhibitory effect of UVB radiation on the activity of CAT and SOD (all P ＜ 0.05).However,the activity of CAT and SOD were still lower in the 2.44-,4.88-and 9.75-μmol/L pterostilbene + UVB groups than in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Pterostilbene can prevent UVB-induced acute damage in HaCaT cells by activating the Nrf2 pathway and up-regulating the expression of the downstream antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD.

Objective To investigate the current status of mini-CEX scores among students in the Elderly Service Man-agement program after completing the"Fundamentals of Nursing"course and analyze the influencing factors.Methods A total of 99 students from the Elderly Service Management program at the Wuming campus of Guangxi Medical University were selected as the study subjects.Assessment tools included a general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Mini Clinical E-valuation Exercise(mini-CEX),the Self-Rating Scale of Self-Directed Learning(SRSSDL),and a self-learning ability assess-ment scale.Stepwise linear regression analysis was employed to explore the factors affecting mini-CEX scores.Results The total mini-CEX score for the 99 students was 49.00(44.00,55.00).Stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that being a student leader,SRSSDL scores,self-learning ability,and teaching model were significant factors(P＜0.05),explaining 56.8％of the total variance.Conclusion The clinical comprehensive ability of students in the Elderly Service Management program requires enhancement,influenced by multiple factors including teaching model,self-learning ability,and self-directed learning capacity.

Mild hypothermia, as a common means of intraoperative nerve protection, has been used in clinical practice. Compared with the traditional methods such as freezing helmet and nasopharyngeal cooling, hypothermic blood perfusion is considered to be a promising treatment for mild hypothermia, but it lacks experimental and theoretical verification of its cooling effect. In this study, the commercial finite element simulation software COMSOL combined the Pennes equation with the cerebrovascular network model to construct a new simplified human brain model, which was further used to simulate the cooling process of cerebral hypothermic blood perfusion. When the hypothermic blood perfusion was 33 ℃, the human brain could enter the mild hypothermic state within 4 minutes. By comparing with helmet cooling, the feasibility and efficiency of the blood perfusion scheme were verified. By comparing with the calculation results based on Pennes equation, the rationality of the model constructed in this study were verified. This model can non-intrusively predict the changes of brain temperature during surgery, and provide a reference for the setting of treatment parameters such as blood temperature, so as to provide personalized realization of safer and more effective mild hypothermia neuro protection.
Humans ; Hypothermia, Induced/methods* ; Hypothermia ; Hemoperfusion ; Brain/physiology* ; Body Temperature