Objective To analyze and summarize the MR findings of intraspinal primary melanocytie neoplasms.Methods Five cases of intraspinal primary melanocytic neoplasms were retrospectively analyzed with emphasis on the location,growth pattern and MR signal intensity features of the tumors.Results A total of six tumors were found in five cases (one case had two tumors).The tumors were located in the cercival spine (2),thoracic spine (2),thoracolumbar junction (2) respectively.One tumor was located in the intramedullary space and 5 tumors in the extrumedullary-intradural space.Growth of the tumors were limited in the intradural space without evidence of extradural extension.The intramedullary tumor exhibited hyperintensity on both T2WI and T1 WI.The intradural tumors showed hyperintensity on T1WI and hypointensity or isointensity on T2WI of various degree.Three of these tumors were predominantly hyperintense on T1 WI and homogeneously hypointense on T2WI.Conclusion The intraspinal primary melanocytic neoplasms could be diagnosed pre-operatively due to their unique signal intensity features on imaging.

Objective To study the incidence of and identity risk factors for hemorrhage and thromboembolism during long-term warfarin therapy.Methods All patients were studied in the People's Hospital of Peking University Anticoagulant Clinic from 2001-04 to 2003-11,in whom a course of warfarin therapy intended to last for more than 4 weeks.All bleeding and thromboembolism events were classified as minor or serious or fatal and life-threatening.Incidences of adverse events were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 128 patients were enrolled in the investigation,the median age of the study group was 67 years(ranged 25 to 83).There were 41 bleeding events occurring in 34 patients,and 5 events of thromboembolism.Age and hepatocirrhosis were significantly associated with bleeding complications(P=0.040 and P=0.014).Conclusion Hemorrhage is the major side effect of warfarin;age and hepatocirrhosis are significantly associated with bleeding complications.

Objective Exploration of best effect on washing medical instrument between automatic cleaning sterilizer and ultrasonic cleaners.Methods Suppose washing method A and method B.A:directly put medical instrument into automatic cleaning sterilizer,wash,sterilize and dry it step by step.B:place medical instrument into ultrasonic cleaners,wash with ultra sonic,shower with cool water,sterilize and dry with hot water.Results By comparison,after washing method A,there remains 0.33‰ residue on the medical instrument while after B there are 0.03‰ remains.It has an evident difference between result of the two methods(?~2=46.546,P=0.000).Especially on the cleaning result of saw-shaped medical instrument:A method has 0.52‰ residue while method B is 0.04‰,which is of great significance.But there exists no significant difference of washing result on non saw-shaped instrument(?~2=2.667,P=0.102).Conclusion Ultrasonic cleaners can reach the optimum washing effect on saw-shaped medical instrument,with a great decline on residue after cleaning.And automatic cleaning sterilizer can wash large quantity of non saw-shaped,saving labor and enhancing efficiency by automation cleaning process.Therefore,adpoting different equipment to wash different instrument can efficiently improve cleaning effect and ensure safe and qualified stelization.

Objective To evaluate the frequently used electrocardiographic criteria and propose a modified algorithm for differentiating typical atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia(AVNRT)from atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia(AVRT).Methods Twelve-lead electrocardiograms(ECGs)during sinus rhythm and atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia(AVNRT)or atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia(AVRT)with a narrow QRS complex were obtained from 154 patients who had received successful radiofrequency catheter ablation from Jan.2003 to Nov.2005.The ECGs of initial 104 patients were analyzed by 3 observers without knowledge of the electrophysiological diagnosis.According to these initial results,we proposed a modified stepwise ECG algorithm which used pseudo r′/S/Q waves,RP interval,and ST-segment elevation in lead aVR during tachycardia.Two observers assessed the algorithm in additional 50 patients.Results The algorithm was able to increase the overall accuracy from 77% and 79% with original algorithm to 84% and 87% with the modified algorithm,respectively.The inter-observer concordance was 85%.The intra-observer concordance was 89% in both investigators.Conclusion The modified algorithm can improve the accuracy of differential diagnosis between typical AVNRT and AVRT via concealed accessory pathway.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the antimicrobial activity of extracts from 10 kinds of traditional Chinese materia(medica)(TCMM)in vitro.METHODS Extracts from 10 kinds of TCMM were prepared,and subjected to(bacteriostatic) tests in vitro by test tube continuously dilution in order to observe their minimal inhibitory(concentration)(MIC),to Staphylococcus(aureus),Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans.RESULTS Among the 10 kinds of TCMM extracts,which did have antimicrobial activity against S.aureus,E.coli,P.aeruginosa and C.albicans in(different) degree;among them,the antimicrobial(activit)y of the extracts of Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Punica granatum,Schisandra chinensis and Coptis chinensis to resistant bacteria was the highest,the extracts of(Radix) Paeoniae Rubra showed strong inhibitory activities to the above 4 bacteria,especially to the resistant(organisms) with the MIC at 7.8,1.95,1.95 and 7.8mg/ml,(respectively).CONCLUSIONS The extracts of Radix Paeoniae Rubra,P.granatum,S.chinensis and C.chinensis have broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity to(resistant) bacteria.

OBJECTIVE To explore the nursing supervision experience in laminar air-flow operating room(OR) and to provide a very clean and safe operating environment for the surgical patients,in order to prevent the operation infection and raise operation quality.METHODS To take the measures of aseptic,clean,purificatory management,and compare the ratio of infection of incisional wound on aseptic operation and the air bacteria detection results with the general operating room simultaneously.RESULTS The ratio of infection of incisional wound on aseptic operation was 0.05% in the laminar air-flow OR(group A) and 0.15% in the general operating room(group B),P

OBJECTIVE:To study inhibitory effect of Lycianthes biflora polysaccharide on the proliferation of hepatic stellate HSCs-T6 cells in rats and its mechanism. METHODS:After treated with 0(blank control),50,100,200μg/ml L. biflora polysac-charide for 24 and 48 h,the activity of hepatic stellate HSCs-T6 cells in rats was determined by MTT assay and inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was calculated;the content of Hyp in supernatant was detected by immunohistochemical assay. After 48 h,the ex-pression of cellular α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)was measured by immunohistochemical assay;both transforming growth fac-tor β1(TGF-β1)and Smad3 were measured by Western blot assay. RESULTS:Compared to blank control,50,100 and 200 μg/ml L. biflora polysaccharide could inhibit the proliferation of HSCs-T6 cells;cell inhibitory rates were 39.84%-69.31% and 45.16%-82.93% respectively after treated for 24 and 48 h,which were positively associated with time and concentration. The con-tents of Hyp in supernatant were 178.36-93.25 μg/ml and 131.94-68.74 μg/ml respectively after treated with different concentrations of PRP for 24 and 48 h,which were negatively associated with time and concentration. The protein level of TGF-β1 and Smad3 de-creased after treated with L. biflora polysaccharide for 48 h(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:L. biflora polysaccharide can inhibit the proliferation of hepatic stellate HSCs-T6 cells in rats,and its mechanism is associated with the inactivation of endogenous TGF-βpathway for reducing collagen production.

Objective To study the regional cerebral glucose utilization with 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and to investigate the correlation between cerebral glucose metabolism and the clinical characteristic of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).Methods A total of 13 patients with PSP and 30 matched healthy controls were performed 18F-FDG PET imaging at rest state.Visual inspection and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) were used to investigate regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglc).Results Based on the visual inspection,PET imaging in the PSP patients showed that the focal hypometabolic areas mainly included the bilateral frontal cortex,midbrain and subcortical structures.Compared to the controls,voxel-based analysis showed that the regional glucose metabolism decreased in bilateral superior,middle frontal gyrus,cingulate gyrus,midbrain and subcortical structures including basal ganglion and thalamus,which were consisted with the clinical characteristics,such as vertical gaze palsy,pseudobulbar palsy,postural instability,axial rigidity,dementia and so on.Conclusion 18 F-FDG PET imaging is helpful for the early diagnosis of PSP.

Objective To investigate the clinic-pathological characteristics and prognosis of 48 female cases with peritoneal pseudomyxoma(PMP).Methods The clinicopathologic features and follow-up data of 48 female patients with PMP diagnosed in the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army from Jan.1982 to Dec.2011 were retrospectively reviewed.The relationship between clinic-pathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed using log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model.Results (1) Clinicopathologic features:the mean age of the 48 cases was 58.8 years (range from 24 to 79 years).Symptoms:abdominal distention and abdominal discomfort were the main symptoms.Imaging examinations showed nonspecific abdominal and pelvic lesions in most cases.Treatment:all the 48 patients underwentlaparotomy and cytoreductive surgery (CRS),in which 15 (31％) patients with completeness of the cancer resection (CCR)-1,24(50％) cases with CCR-2,and CCR-3 in 9(19％) cases.Six (12％) cases were treated by intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with cisplatin,20 (42％) patients were treated with different options postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.Pathological types:the cases were histologically classified into 3 subcategories:disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM),peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis (PMCA),and PMCA with intermediate or discordant features (PMCA-I/D),which were 22 (46％) cases,9 (19％) cases and 17 (35％) cases,respectively.Appendiceal tumors:44(92％) cases underwent appendectomy,in which 38 cases presented appendiceal tumors (including 20 cases of low-grade appendiceal mucinous adenoma and 18 cases of appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma),2 cases were diagnosed as appendicitis,4 cases with unknown pathologic diagnosis.And the other 4(8％) cases,who didn't undergo appendectomy at the first operation,presented peritoneal tumor recurrence and appendiceal mucinous tumors 1,11,32 and 85 months after surgery,respectively.Parenchymal organs involved:ovarian involving was happened in 34 (71％)patients including 15 cases with the right ovary involving,13 cases in both sides,and 6 cases involving the left side.The other parenchymal organs in 10(21％) cases.(2) Prognostic factors:11 patients died,31 survived and 6 cases were lost to follow-up.The mean survival time was 99 months(ranged from 1 to 312 months).The 3-year,5-year and 10-year survival rates were 73.3％,68.0％ and 46.6％,respectively.Univariate statistical analysis showed that age,pathological type and parenchymal involvement were significantly relationship with the survival time (all P ＜ 0.05).But the operation times,appendiceal tumor type,ovarian involvement,CCR,intraperitoneal HIPEC and post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy were not significantly correlate with survival time (all P ＞ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age and pathologic type were independent prognostic factors (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions No specific clinical features presented in PMP.CRS with HIPEC should the recommended treatment.Both ovaries exploration and appendectomy should be carried out routinely in CRS.The 10-year overall survival of PMP is low.Age,pathological type and parenchymal organs involvement other than ovarian are correlated with the prognosis.And the pathological type and age are independent prognostic factors of PMP.

Objective:To construct an E.coli expressing system of human interferon-?(IFN-?).Methods:Extracted DNA from human blood and PCR human IFN-?, cloned the human IFN-? gene into plasmid T-easy and pBV-220. Expressed human IFN-? in E.coli DH5?, the expressing product was analysed by SDS-PAGE, Western blot and anti-virus capacity test.Results:DNA sequence analysis showed the recombinant plasmid pBV- IFN-? contained human IFN-?. SDS-PAGE and Western blot proved that there were hIFN-? in E.coli DH5? after temperature inducing and the expressing product has anti-virus activity.Conclusion:A human IFN-? E.coli expressing system was constructed successfully, and the recombination human IFN-? has anti-virus activity.