Objective To investigate the effect of pulmonary surfactant on neonatal with acute respiratory distress syndrome.Methods98 cases with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome inthe fourth hospital of Ningbo were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 49 cases in each group.All patients were given warm, anti infection, and maintain the internal environment stability, prevention of bleeding and other conventional treatment.The control group were treated with mechanical CPAP, the experimental group were given pulmonary surfactant 70mg/kg, concentration is 35mg/mL.Pulmonary surfactant was injected slowly by tracheal intubation at supine, lateral(left, right) and semi recumbent position.The drug was distributed evenly in the lung of the patients who were given the drug 1-2 times.Respiratory frequency (RR), pH, oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) levels and the incidence of complications, clinical effective rate of the tthe two groups were observed and compared.ResultsCompared with pre-treatment, RR and PaCO2 levels were decreased, pH and PaO2 levels were increased after treatment in the two groups, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05);compared with the control group, RR, PaCO2 level were lower, pH and PaO2 levels were higher in the experimental group, the differences has statistical significance (P<0.05);compared with the control group, the experimental groupwith a low incidence of complications, clinical effective rate is higher, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionPulmonary surfactant can reduce the respiratory frequency in neonatal with acute respiratory distress syndrome, improve arterial blood gas levels, which get better clinical curative effect.

Objective To investigate the biological characteritics of adult animal hepatocytes induced by phenobarbital sodium(PBS) in vivo,and to study the potential value of biological artificial liver of effective hepatocytes.Methods 12 adult male mice,are yandomly divided in to preinducing group and controll group.The preinducing group are intraperitoneally injected PBS per day,45mg/kg for 7 times in total;the controll ware injected NS.after that,we detected the blood serum TP,BUN,CHOL,HDLC.And the same amount of isolative hepatocytes was developed after being developed 48h;MTT was used to investigate the proliferation of hepatocytes after being developed 24h;chromosome was investigated to observe the cell division;and the survival deadline and morphology was also investigated.Results The TP had remarkable difference between the two groups(t=2.678,P

BACKGROUND: Embryonic pancreatic tissue is characterized by its abundance, potent in proliferation & differentiation, and minimal immunological rejection. It is widely considered as potential pancreatic endocrinological stem cells resource for treating diabetes mellitus.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the embryonic mouse pancreatic tissue isolation technique and observe the recipients' blood glucose regulatory effects of the grafted embryonic pancreas in an experimental diabetes mellitus mouse model.METHODS: Pancreatic tissue from C57B1/6 mouse embryos at embryonic days 11.5-16.5 was isolated under the stereomicroscope. C57BL/6 mouse models of streptozocin-induced diabetes mellitus were established and then randomly divided into two groups: transplantation group, in which, five pieces of pancreatic tissue of mice at embryonic 16.5 days were transplanted into mouse renal capsule, and sham-operated control group, in which, 0.05 mL RPMI1640 culture medium was injected into mouse renal capsule. When blood glucose level of the transplantation group mouse was≤ 11.2 mmol/L, the endocrine function of embryonic pancreatic tissue transplanted was detected by IPGTT and IPITT methods and then the transplanted graft was removed for observing the blood glucose relapse.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nearly intact pancreatic tissue of mice at embryonic days 11.5-16.5 could be isolated through the use of stereomicroscope. Pancreatic tissue morphology and color of mice ≤ embryonic 12.5 days were difficultly distinguished from adjacent tissue and they could only be isolated carefully according to the relationship with adjacent organs. Pancreatic tissue of mice > embryonic 12.5 days exhibited initial endocrinological tissue morphology mimic white cauliflower. Histological and ELISA examinations showed that embryonic pancreatic tissue could express and secrete insulin and the insulin level was gradually increased with developmental time. Embryonic pancreatic tissue could grow beneath the recipient renal capsule. The insulin and glucagon expression in the post-transplantational pancreatic tissue graft was increased compared with prior to transplantation. These results suggest that pancreatic tissue is a potential stem cell resource for treating the diabetes mellitus.

To explore the protective effect of adenovirus mediated IGF-Ⅰgene(Ad-IGF-Ⅰ)transfer on non-obese diabetic(NOD)mice. The results showed that the incidence of diabetes and degree of insulitis were significantly reduced in mice receiving Ad-IGF- Ⅰ . Treatment with Ad-IGF- Ⅰ significantly decreased apoptosis rate,expression of Fas and caspase-3, and increased expression of Bcl-xl. This study indicates the potential of IGF- Ⅰ gene therapy in protecting NOD mice from insulitis and apoptosis.

Objective To explore the feasibility of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) for obese patients with lower tube voltage (100 kV) and lower contrast media concentration (270 mgI/ml) using iterative reconstruction.Methods A total of 48 patients with body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 were included and randomly divided into 2 groups according to random number table method.The images of the control group were obtained using iodine 370 mgI/ml, a tube voltage of 120 kV, and traditional filtered back projection (FBP) image reconstruction.Patients in the test group were injected with isotonic low concentration contrast media (270 mgI/ml), scanned with a lower tube voltage (100 kV), and adaptive iterative noise reduction image reconstruction algorithm (AIDR-3D) was used.Two experienced physicians scored the image quality in a double-blind way.Independent sample t-test was used to compare the effective dose (E), average CT values, signal to noise ratio (SNR), contrast to noise ratio (CNR), the figure of merit (FOM), image quality scores and the total iodine intake.Side effect was also evaluated.Results The subjective scores for control group and test group were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05).The scores of two physicians were consistency (Kappa =0.88, P ＜ 0.05).The average CT values, SNR and CNR for the two groups were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05), but the FOM of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (t =-9.250,-8.604,-9.158,-5.341, P ＜ 0.05).Effective dose in the test group was (1.61 ± 0.41) mSv, lower than that of the control group (t =8.373, P ＜ 0.01).The total iodine and iodine injection rate in the test group were both lower than in the control group (t =7.628, 8.480, P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of contrast mediarelated discomfort in the test group was lower than control group (x2 =18.70, 6.25, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions For obese patients, isotonic low concentration of contrast media and low-dose CCTA could be feasible, which substantially reduce the radiation dose and iodine intake without sacrificing image quality.Trial registration Chinese clinical trial registry, ChiCTR-DPD-15007510.

Objective To establish a high throughput phenotypic test for the detection of drug re-sistance in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)strains. Methods The gene encoding luciferase was in-activated through restriction enzyme digestion and ligation. LacZ gene was used to replace the genes encoding original protease and reverse transcriptase. pol genes were amplified from pSG3△env plasmid and cloned in-to a new backbone plasmid through infusion. The factors that might affect the results of the test were opti-mized. Results The parental backbone plasmid pNL4-3. Lac was constructed,of which the gene encoding luciferase was inactivated and bearing the LacZ gene instead of genes encoding protease and reverse tran-scriptase. Several influential factors including cell numbers(10 000 / well),virus inoculation(200 TCID50 /well)and the concentration of DEAE-dextran(15 μg/ ml)were optimized. The reproducibility of this test was confirmed by testing 12 anti-HIV drugs against 2 pseudovirus strains 8 times,presenting the coefficient of variations(CVs)from 4. 32% to 28. 46% . Six types of pseudovirus were constructed and tested against the 12 anti-HIV drugs,the results of which were compared with those by using the pSG3△env-based pseud-ovirus test. The results of the two tests presented good consistency. Conclusion The high throughput phe-notypic test based on pNL4-3. Lac plasmid,combining the advantages of pSG3△env and pNL4-3 systems, could be used to analyze the drug resistance patterns of HIV-1 infectors and screen new drugs for antiretrovi-ral therapy in a rapid and effective way.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of low-c oncentration iso_osmolar contrast agent together with low tube voltage and iterative reconstruction algorithm in rabbit liver computed tonography (CT) perfusion imaging.Methods A total of 15 bealthy New Zealand rabbits were scanned twice of liver CT perfusion scans each with 24 hours interval.The first scan (routine group) was acquired at 100 kV and 100 mAs with ultravist (370 mg/ml),while the second (double low group) was acquired at 80 kV and 100 mAs with iodixanol (270 mg/ml) at 24 hours after the first scan.The obtained images were reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP) and adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR-3D)algorithms in the controlled and experimental groups,respectively.The perfusion parameters including hepatic artery perfusion(HAP),portal vein perfasion(PVP),hepatic perfusion index(HPI),and total liver perfusion(TLP) and image quality as image quality score,average CT value of abdomen aorta,signalto-noise ratio(SNR),carrier-to-noise ratio(CNR),and figure of merit(FOM) were compared used pair ttest or Mann-Whitney U-test between the two groups wherever appropriate.The effective radiation dose and iodine intake were also recorded and compared.Results The image quality and perfusion parameters had no significantly different between the two groups except for FOM.The effective radiation dose and iodine intake were 38.79％ and 27.03％ lower in the double low group.Conclusions Low concentration iso _osmolar contrast agent (iodixanol,270 mg/ml) together with low tube voltage (80 kV) helps to reduce radiation dose and iodine intake without compromising perfusion parameters and image quality in liver CT perfusion imaging.

The training of residents majoring in ultrasound needs not only to pay attention to the teaching of speculative knowledge,but also to "look at pictures and talk",which is based on a large number of diagnostic ultrasound cases,training the residents to find,discover and discriminate the lesions from the ultrasonic images to finally form a sharp recognition and diagnosis ability.This study used the instant messaging tool WeChat to establish a virtual learning platform and implement a case based teaching process through this platform,which can avoid the limitations of time and space,and make the communication between teachers and students faster.According to the questionnaire survey,residents generally believed that the training mode can effectively improve learning efficiency and professional ability and hope to add this training mode to the basis of traditional teaching mode.The results of resident case analysis showed that the diagnostic accuracy of residents gradually increased during the training process.The model of WeChat platform combined with case teaching can provide new ideas and methods for standardized training of resident doctors in ultrasound specialty.

Objective:To adjust the wording and to examine the validity and reliability of the Chinese traditional version of the Body Image Scale (BIS) in patients with rectal cancer.Methods:Totally 180 patients pathologically diagnosed with rectal cancer were selected.The obtained data were divided equally into two parts.Half of them was for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, and the other half was for confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability.The criterion validity was tested with the Quality of Life Questionnare-Core30 (QLQ-C30).Twenty-five patients were retested for test-retest reliability with 2 week interval.Results:Two factors were retained after exploratory factor analysis, which could explain 69.1％ of the total variation.And the result of confirmatory factor analysis was that the structure of the scale was stable and achieved goodness of fit (χ2/df=2.32, CFI=0.96, NFI=0.93, IFI=0.96, TLI=0.94, RMSEA=0.078).The scores of total scale and two factors were negatively correlated with the scores of five function domains and overall quality of life of QLQ-C30 (r=-0.27——0.54, Ps＜0.05).In total scale, Cronbach' s α coefficient of total scale was 0.92, while test-retest reliability was 0.88.Conclusion:The Chinese version of BIS showed good validity and reliability for assessment of body image in Chinese patients with rectal cancer.

Objective:In order to apply the index system for clinical evaluation of implementation effect in hospitals.Methods:A total of 862 patients with vaginal delivery from 9 hospitals were randomly divided into an clinical pathway group (n=496) and a control group (n=366).The patients in the control group received traditional treatment procedure while the patients in the clinical pathway group experienced procedure of the clinical treatment.The index system was used for clinical evaluation of implementation effect.Results:There were obvious advantages in 15 indicators in the clinical pathway group than those in the control group (P＜0.05).The comprehensive score of the clinical pathway group was higher than the control group of the corresponding grade and nature of the hospital.The comprehensive score for secondary hospitals (Ci=0.7967) were higher than that for the tertiary hospitals (Ci=0.2033).The comprehensive score for the general hospitals (Ci=0.8948) were higher than that for the specialized hospitals (Ci=0.1052).As for clinical implementation effect,the secondary hospitals were better than the tertiary hospital,and the general hospitals were better than the specialized hospitals.Conclusion:The index system for clinical evaluation could quantify the implementation effect,and compare the implementation effect in different hospitals,which provides reference for the management of clinical pathway.