Objective To explore the sensibility of radiation-induced normal brain injury in different regions at acute stage after all cranial radiotherapy by MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Methods A total of 44 patients with brain tumors undergoing whole cranial radiotherapy were examined with convention and enhancement magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging before and three weeks after radiotherapy.The apparent diffusion coefficient ( ADC ),fractional anisotropy ( FA),relative anisotropy (RA) and volume ratio(VR) of DTI in contralateral brain hemisphere after radiotherapy with the dose of 27 Gy were measured and analyzed in different regions.Results No abnormal signal intensities were revealed in convention and enhancement MRI.ADC values in superficial cerebral convolution gray matter,ADC and VR values in deep gray nucleus were increased(t =- 3.321,- 2.810,P ＜ 0.05 ),while FA and RA values in deep gray nucleus were descended( t =2.906,2.349,P ＜0.05 ).There was no statistically significant difference among DTI index in other regions.Conclusions The brain gray matter more sensitive to radiation-induced brain injury in than white matter at acute stage of radiation.DTI could be used to evaluate the functional changes at the histocytology level of radiation-induced brain injury,and to explain the early clinical reactions after radiotherapy.

Objective To investigate the damages on pancreas after different fractionated irradiation in rats.Methods Eighy healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups with 20 rats in each group as conventional fractionated irradiation group with 2 Gy per fraction to a dose of 12 Gy,hypofractionated radiation group with one fraction of 12 Gy,middle-dose fractionated radiation group with 6 Gy per fraction to a dose of 12 Gy in the interval of 4 days and control group without radiation.Changes in weight,fasting blood glucose and amylase were measured and morphological changes were observed in different periods.Results In the experimental groups,the reduction was observed in fasting glucose at 4 d,reached a minimum of (3.1 ±0.1 ) mmol/L,(LSD-t =20.06 -28.74,P ＜0.001 ) and the increase of amylase was found after 4th and 7th day,reached a maximum of (84.5 ±6.4) U/L(Dunnett's-t=23.10 -46.10,P ＜ 0.001 ),both more obvious in hypofractionated radiation group than those of conventional fractionated radiation group and middle-dose fractionated radiation group ( LSD-t =8.72-9.71,Dunnett's-t =7.11,P ＜ 0.05 ),however the levels in conventional fractionated radiation group was nearly to middle-dose fractionated radiation group (P ＞ 0.05 ) and became normal at 14 d.Under light microscope,the necrosis of acinarcells was observed in hypofractionated radiation group at 4th d,interstitial fibrogenesis were found at 14 d,the fibrogenesis were found in pancreatic island at 21 d,and the hyperplasia of acinarcells was observed at 42 d.The same changes were found in conventional fractionated radiation group and middle-dose fractionated radiation group,which were gently and lately than those of hypofractionated radiation group.Conclusions Radiation injury is not more serious after middle-dose fractionated radiotherapy than that after conventional fractionated irradiation,when the proper fractional dose and intervals are chosen.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four kinds of different contact strength on the three-dimensional displacement of an implant-supported fixed bridge using digital laser speckle photography method. An in vitro model of beagle mandible with an implant-supported fixed bridge in its right premolar region was developed. The bridge was Au-Pt metal-ceramic. The contact was recovered to four different tightnesses, named 0, 1, 2, and 3. Different axial concentrated static load was applied to abutments and bridge respectively. The three-dimensional displacement of the implant-supported fixed bridge was measured using digital laser speckle photographic method. The results demonstrated that the influence of contact tightness was mainly on the mesio-distal and buccal lingual parts. When the contact tightness reached number 3, the regularity of displacement distribution was changed. The present study proved that digital laser speckle photography was an effective method of measuring the micro-displacement. One of the criterions of contact recovering decreased the implant displacement effectively without changing the regularity of displacement distribution.
Animals ; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Diagnostic Imaging ; methods ; Dogs ; Lasers ; Mandible ; Models, Animal ; Photography

Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor in urinary system. The life quality of patients reduces obviously after radical resection of bladder. Comprehensive treatment including radiotherapy and chem-otherapy after bladder preservation surgery plays an important role for the prevention of postoperative recur-rence,preservation the function of bladder,and improving the life quality of patients. Image-guided radiothera-py can reduce the setup error and inner boundary caused by the movement of organs,and can alleviate the side reaction of radiation,and it also can provide basis of expanding boundary of planning target volume for the blad-der cancer patients.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and hypokalemia and the effects of hypokalemia on prognosis. Methods Consecutive 216 cases with STEMI who underwent emergency PCI were divided into group A (serum potassium ＜ 3.5 mmol/L) and group B (serum potassium＞3.5 mmol/L). Infarct site, infarct interrelated artery, peak level of CK-MB and cTnT were compared between two groups. Post-infarctional angina pectoris, arrhythmia, heart failure and cardiac death were compared. Results (1 )The percentage of anterior wall myocardial infarction , left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesions in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [61.2%(41/67) vs. 44.3%(66/149),55.2%(37/67)vs. 38.9%(58/149),P = 0.022,0.026]. The peak levels of CK-MB and cTnT in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [(194.39 ± 101.27) μg/L vs. (115.35 ±78.62)μg/L,(19.16 ±11.48)μg/L vs. (9.07 ±7.65) μg/L,P = 0.004,0.002].(2)Left ventricular ejection fraction in group A was significant lower than that in group B (P - 0.003). The incidence rates of post-infarctional angina pectoris, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and heart failure were significantly higher in group A [43.3%(29/67),32.8%(22/67), 11.9%(8/67),37.3%(25/67)] than those in group B [24.8%(37/149),18.1%(27/149),4.0%(6/149),20.8%(31/149)](P = 0.006, 0.017, 0.029, 0.010). Conclusions Hypokalemia is associated with infarct site and infarct interrelated artery. Hypokalemia has bad effect on prognosis of STEMI.

Objective To investigate the effect of hirudo micropowder on inflammatory factors in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods Rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,model group,coarse powder hirudo group,high-,middle-and low-dose micropowder hirudo groups.The corresponding drugs were given to the rats for 10 days by intragastric administration.Then middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) model was made by suture method.The changes of inflammatory factors were observed.Results The level of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) in high-dose micropowder hirudo group was lower than that in coarse powder hirudo group,and the level of platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) in middle-and high-dose micropowder hirudo groups was also lower than that in coarse powder hirudo group obviously(P

The purpose of this study was to research the three-dimensional displacements of implant-supported cantilever fixed partial denture (CFPD) under oblique loading. One Beagle dog was used in this experiment. Two immediate implants of ITI were inserted in the mandible of the dog, and the implant-supported CFPD which used the implants as abutments was made in vitro fresh mandible. Then the digital laser speckle technique was employed to measure the three-dimensional displacements of CFPD under different oblique loading. We found that when an oblique loading was exerted on the pontic, the displacement increased with increasing of load. Under equal loading, the displacement of the abutment near to the pontic was smaller than that of the pontic but greater than that of the abut-ment far from the pontic. When oblique loading was exerted on the abutment, the displacement of the direct loaded abutment was greater than that of the other abutment and the pontic. Under the.eeual loading, the displacement of implant-supported CFPD of loading on pontic was greater than that of loading on abutments. The experiments demonstrated that implant-supported cantilever fixed partial denture (CFPD) is an effective and advisable therapy for totally? or partially edentulous patients. However, it is also suggested that the clinicians should avoid exerting oblique loading, especially the obliqe loading of the pontic when th e CPDF is used.
Animals ; Bite Force ; Dental Implant-Abutment Design ; Dental Stress Analysis ; methods ; Denture Design ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Dogs ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Tooth Mobility

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics during induction of anesthesia in the patients with atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate undergoing noncardiac surgery.Methods Fifty patients with rheumatic valvular heart disease complicated with atrial fibrillation,aged 45-64 yr,weighing 50-75 kg,with ventricular rate ≥ 90 bpm,of ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲll (NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ),scheduled for elective surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =25 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Dexmedetomidine 0.6 μg/kg was infused intravenously at 10 min prior to induction of anesthesia in group D.Anesthesia was induced with iv midazolam 0.06 mg/kg,sufentanil 0.6 μg/kg,and vecuronium 0.12 mg/kg.Tracheal intubation was performed when the BIS value≤≤ 55After admission to operating room (T0,baseline),immediately after the end of dexmedetomidine infusion (T1),immediately before intubation (T2),and at 1,3 and 5 min after intubation (T3-5),SP,DP,MAP and HR were recorded.The adverse cardiovascular events were recorded starting from induction of anesthesia to 5 min after intubation.Results Compared with the baseline value at T0,HR was significantly decreased at T2,5,while increased at T3,4 in group C,and HR was decreased at T1-5 in group D; SP,DP and MAP were decreased at T2,5,while increased at T3 in group C,and no significant changes were found in the indices mentioned above in group D.Compared with group C,the incidence of hypotension,hypertension and tachycardia was significantly decreased,and no significant changes were found in theincidence of bradycardia in group D.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 0.6 μg/kg infused intravously is helpful in maintaining the hemadynamics stable during induction of anesthesia in the patients with atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate underging noncardiac surgery.

Objective To investgate the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with small-dose of sufentanil on the hemodynamics during anesthesia induction in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods Seventy-five ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ and NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients aged 46-72 yr,weighing 59-86 kg,ejection fraction ≥45％,undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting,were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =25):dexmedetomidine combined with small-dose of sufentanil group (group DS),small-dose of sufentanil group (group S1 ) and large-dose of sufentanil group (group S2 ).In group DS,dexmedetomidine 0.8 μg/kg (diluted with normal saline to 15 ml) was injected for 15 min at a rate of60 ml/h,while the same volume of normal saline were given in groups S1 and S2.Anesthesia was induced with midasolam 0.08 mg/kg and pipecuronium 0.12 mg/kg.After administration of the total dose of 1/3 midazolam and 1/8 pipecuronium,sufentanil 0.5,0.5 and 0.8μg/kg (diluted with narmalsaline to 10 ml) were injected in groups DS,S1 and S2 respectively.Then the rest of midazolam was injected.When BIS value ≤ 75,the rest of pipecuronium was injected.When BIS value ≤ 55,the patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.PETCO2 was maintained at 30-35 mm Hg.The adverse ardiovascular events (hypertension,hypotension,tachycardia and bradycardia) and drugs intervention were recorded during anesthesia induction.Results Compared with group S2,the incidence of hypertension and tachycardia was significantly increased in group S1,the incidence of hypotension decreased in groups S1 and DS,the incidence of drug intervention decreased in group DS (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group S1,the incidence of hypertension,hypotension and tachycardia was significantly decreased,the incidence of bradycardia increased,theincidence of drug intervention decreased in group DS (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine (0.8 μg/kg) combined with small-dose of sufentanil (0.5 μg/kg) is beneficial for keep the stable of hemodynamics during anesthesia induction in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

ObjectiveIn this paper， the cause of an outbreak of foodborne disease in Huzhou City was analyzed， which may help avoid the recurrence of such incidents. MethodsThrough the field epidemiological investigation， the case definition was formulated and the questionnaire survey was carried out in the case group and the control group. In addition， the chi-square test and logistic regression method were used to identify the factors affecting the outbreak. The patient stool samples， food samples， environmental samples and water samples were collected and used for the laboratory test. The PFGE molecular typing was conducted on the isolated positive strains. ResultsThe number of people exposed during the same period was 410， and the number of possible cases was 18， with an incidence of 4.39%. Generally， the main symptoms were abdominal pain and diarrhea， accompanied by nausea， fatigue， fever and others. For case-control analysis， 17 of the 18 patients were included in the case group， and 19 non-patients were into control group. The results suggested that the risk factors were blanched deep-water shrimp（OR=19.42， 95%CI=1.06‒357.02， P=0.046）and steamed Ao Long （Australian lobster） with garlic and vermicelli （OR=22.01， 95%CI=1.24‒390.70， P=0.035）. According to the laboratory test results Vibrio parahaemolyticus （VP） was positive in 5 cases， and the serum type was is O10∶K4. In the reserved food， VP was positive in the samples of steamed Australian lobster with garlic vermicelli and lamb chops. The serum type was O5∶Kut. ConclusionThis incident was an outbreak of foodborne disease caused by the consumption of wedding food contaminated by VP. The dinner was served by Hotel B on September 17. Moreover， the suspicious foods include the blanched deep-water shrimp and steamed lobster with garlic vermicelli.