Objective: To study the effect of N (4 hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4 HPR) on apoptosis of cyst lining epithelial cells in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).Methods: The proliferation of ADPKD cyst lining epithelial cells was detected by MTT assay after stimulated by 1,2.5,5 and 10 ?mol/L 4 HPR for 24,48,72 and 96 h respectively.The effect of 4 HPR on the survival rate of cells stimulated by HGF was analyzed with trypan blue staining.The effect of 4 HPR on the apoptotic rate of cyst lining epithelial cells stimulated by HGF was detected with DNA laddering and cell staining with fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342.The expression of HGF and c Myc protein was examined by immunohistochemical staining and semi quantitative analysis in cyst lining epithelial cells stimulated by 4 HPR.Results: Compared with control group,4 HPR inhibited the proliferation of ADPKD cyst lining epithelial cells in a dose and time dependent manner.The most remarkable inhibition effect was observed by 5 or 10 ?mol/L 4 HPR for 96 h ( P

Objective:To study the effects of recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor (rhHGF) on the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) and matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cyst lining epithelial cells.Methods:The synthesis of laminin (LN) and aminoterminal propeptide of type Ⅲ procollagen (PⅢNP) in ADPKD cyst lining epithelial cells stimulated by rhHGF was examined with radioimmunoassay.The synthesis of type Ⅳ collagen (ColⅣ) was analyzed with ELISA.The mRNA expression of transforming growth factor ? 1 (TGF? 1),matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP 2),tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP 1) and TIMP 2 in rhHGF stimulated cyst lining epithelial cells were detected by RT PCR.MMP 2 protein expression was examined with Western blotting and MMP 2 activity was analyzed by gelatin zymography in supernatant of cyst lining epithelial cells stimulated by rhHGF.Results:In rhHGF group and rhHGF+ anti TGF? 1 antibody group,the synthesis of LN and ColⅣ were markedly increased.There was no significant difference in the synthesis of LN and ColⅣ between the 2 groups.Among control group,rhHGF group,rhHGF+ anti HGF antibody group and rhHGF+ anti TGF? 1 antibody group,no significant difference in the synthesis of PⅢNP was found.No significant difference was found in the expression level of TGF? 1 mRNA in cyst lining epithelial cells among control group,rhHGF group and rhHGF+anti HGF antibody group.Compared with control group,MMP 2 mRNA expression in ADPKD cyst lining epithelial cells was significantly increased and TIMP 1 mRNA and TIMP 2 mRNA expression were significantly decreased in rhHGF group.Furthermore,MMP 2 protein expression and MMP 2 activity in supernatant of cyst lining epithelial cells also greatly increased.Conclusion:HGF stimulates the synthesis of LN and ColⅣ.HGF up regulates MMP 2 expression while HGF down regulates TIMP 1 and TIMP 2 expression in ADPKD cyst lining epithelial cells.All these changes may involve in the initiation and progression of ADPKD cysts.

Objective To explore the autocrine mechanism of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-MET distribution in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cyst-lining epithelial cells. Methods The concentration of HGF was examined with ELISA in ADPKD patients' cystic fluid, serum and cultured media of cyst-lining epithelial cells. The expression of HGF and c-MET mRNA and protein in cyst-lining epithelial cells was detected by RT-PCR, in-situ hybridization, Western blotting, immunohistochemical analysis and computer image analysis. Results The concentration of HGF in ADPKD non-dialyzed patients'cystic fluid was much higher than that in ADPKD patients' serum [(8. 61?0. 07)ng/ml vs (0.26?0.05) ng/ml, P

Objective: To study the influence of recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor (rhHGF) on proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cyst lining epithelial cells in vitro . Methods: The effects of different concentration rhHGF (0.5,1,2.5,5 ng/ml)in 48 h and the optimal concentration rhHGF of different time (24,48,72 h ) on proliferation of ADPKD cyst lining epithelial cell lines were observed by the incorporation of 3H TdR, and synthesis of collagen and laminin were respectively observed by the incorporation of 3H proline and radioimmunoassay. Results: rhHGF stimulated the proliferation of ADPKD cyst lining epithelial cells and synthesis of collagen and laminin,the optimal concentration and time of rhHGF were 1 ng/ml and 48 h. Conclusion: rhHGF can significantly stimulate ADPKD cyst lining epithelial cells proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis in vitro . [

From the perspective of clinical doctors, in the teaching idea, national policy, school policies and different stages of clinicians cultivation , the article introduced the concept of translational medicine in the process of the clinical doctors tralning in the United States. It described US medical schools' (U.S. Virginia University School of medicine, for example) implementation ap-proach of translational medicine ideas in different stages, such as before entering school, during the period of school, practice exam and physician clinician tralning. It provided the reference for the de-velopment of translational medicine education in the process of China clinician education and tralning, including:medical students' integration into the related clinical research in preschool through volunteer service, the choice of multiple combination model of clinical science and basic research, interdisci-plinary examination of medical practitioners and the provisions of the research work in resident and specialist tralning stage.

Effects of traditional Chinese medicine salvianolate combined with alprostadil and reduced glutathione on delay of progression in patients with acute kidney injury has been confirmed, but the role of this combination therapy on the progression of chronic renal failure is uncertain.

Objective To compare the efficacy and adverse effects of 5 days' and 7 days' course of combination chemotherapy regimen HA in the treatment of chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML-CP). Methods 18 cases of CML-CP had received 5 days' course of combination chemotherapy regimen HA including homoharringtonine 4 mg/d and cytarabine 200 mg/d for 5 days. At the same time,another 18 patients diagnosed as CML-CP who were given 7 days' course of HA regimen including homoharringtonine 4 mg/d and cytarabine 200 mg/d for 7 days were compared on the efficacy including peripheral white blood cells, spleen size and cytogenetic responses and adverse effects. Results The complete remission(CR) rate was 50.0 % and 61.1 % in 5 days' and 7 days' treated groups, respectively (P >0.05). The incidence of severe bone marrow suppression in 7 days' group(16.7 %) was higher than that in 5 days' group(0)(P <0.05). Conclusion The 5 days' course of combination chemotherapy HA regimen is same as 7 days' course of HA regimen about their curative effects in CML-CP. But the incidence of severe bone marrow suppression in 7 days' group(16.7 %) was higher than that in 5 days' group (0).

Objective:To compare the survival outcomes in patients of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with brain-single metastasis and brain with organs-multiple metastasis.Methods:Using the US surveillance, epidemiology and final results database, 5 520 SCLC patients with complete clinical information from 2004 to 2015 were selected. SCLC patients were adjusted, stratified or matched according to the metastasis site after the stratification or matching of the propensity scores, and the lung cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate were compared between brain-single metastasis group and brain with organs-multiple metastasis group. In addition, the effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in CSS between brain-single metastasis group and brain with organs-multiple metastasis group were compared.Results:Of the 5 520 SCLC patients, 2 658 cases was in the brain-single metastasis group, and 2 862 cases was in brain with organs-multiple metastasis group. After the stratification or matching of the propensity scores, the median survival time in brain-single metastasis group was significantly longer than that in brain with organs-multiple metastasis group (6 months vs. 4 months), and there was statistical difference ( P<0.05). The fatality rate in brain-single metastasis group was significantly lower than that in brain with organs-multiple metastasis group (80.66% vs. 85.96%), and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the OS rate and CSS rate in brain-single metastasis group were significantly higher than those in brain with organs-multiple metastasis group (14.72% vs. 9.50% and 19.34% vs. 14.04%), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Cox analysis result showed that age, race, T stage, gender, N stage, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, tumor diameter, marriage and metastasis were the influencing factors of CSS rate in SCLC patients with brain metastasis ( P<0.01 or <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis result showed that radiotherapy and chemotherapy can significantly improve the CSS rate ( HR = 0.668 and 0.671, 95% CI 0.570 to 0.783 and 0.573 to 0.786, P < 0.01). Conclusions:The survival rate in SCLC patients with brain-single metastasis is higher than that of SCLC patients with brain with organs-multiple metastasis; chemotherapy and radiotherapy can improve the survival rate in SCLC patients with brain metastasis.

Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of soft tissue in adults. However, tumor ulcers caused by foot angiosarcoma are rarely reported in the literature. This paper outlines a case of foot angiosarcoma misdiagnosed as diabetic foot ulcer. It was treated as diabetic foot ulcer in other hospitals without notable improvement. In consideration of its special clinical characteristics and treatment process, pathological biopsy was performed after admission, and angiosarcoma was confirmed. The purpose of this article is to emphasize that foot angiosarcoma or other tumor ulcers in diabetes patients are easily misdiagnosed as diabetic foot ulcers. If there is no obvious improvement in treatment, pathological tissue biopsy should be performed as early as possible.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; Humans ; Rituximab ; Thrombocytopenia ; gamma-Globulins