OBJECTIVETo compare the difference between J-hook and micro-implant anchorage in the treatment of patient with bimaxillary protrusion.

METHODSThirty patients with bimaxillary protrusion were divided into two groups (J-hook and micro-implant groups) and treated with MBT appliance. Four first premolars were extracted in all patients. Cephalometric analyses were carried out before and after treatment.

RESULTSIn J-hook group and micro-implant group,computerized cephalometric analysis revealed that before treatment U6C-PP was (12.4 +/- 0.2) mm and (12.5 +/- 0.1) mm, respectively,and after treatment U6C-PP was (12.6 +/- 0.1) mm and (12.8 +/- 0.1) mm,respectively. The difference between J-hook group and microimplant group was significant (P < 0.01). The other differences of cephalometric analyses between J-hook group and micro-implant group was not significant.

CONCLUSIONSBoth J-hook and micro-implant could provide adequate anchorage in the treatment of patients with bimaxillary protrusion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class I ; therapy ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures ; instrumentation ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; instrumentation ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of transcription factor LYL1 in leukemia and its possible role in leukemogenesis.

METHODSFluorescence real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression levels of LYL1 in leukemias. Specific siRNA was used to silence the expression of LYL1 in K562 cells.

RESULTSCompared to CD34 positive cells from normal bone marrow, the expression of LYL1 was significantly elevated in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). LYL1 expression was higher in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in blastic crisis than that in chronic phase (7.831 vs 1.672, P < 0.01). LYL1 expression in AML in complete remission (CR) was down-regulated as compared with that of un-remission patients (1.400 vs 9.985, P < 0.01). Down-regulation of endogenous expression of LYL1 in K562 cells by a combination of three specific siRNA could inhibit cellular growth and clonogenicity to some extent.

CONCLUSIONOver-expression of LYL1 is highly associated with AML as well as ALL. RNA interference targeting specific oncogenes such as LYL1 is potentially useful in the treatment of hematological malignancies.

Adult ; Aged ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA Interference ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo construct a gene knock-out mutant of response regulator named RevS in Streptococcus suis serotype 2 virulent strain 05ZYH33, and to investigate the effects of its deletion on the biological characters of this pathogen and the pathogenesis to mice and piglets.

METHODSRecombinant gene knock-out vector consisting of Spc(r) cassette was constructed and flanking was constructed consisting of Spc(r) cassette with flanking homology regions to the RevS genes while the isogenic RevS-deficient mutant was screened by allelic replacement. The effects of RevS deletion on the basic biological characters of 05ZYH33 including growth stability, colonial morphology, haemolysis, Gram staining, growth curve and protein expression were examined in vitro. The mice and piglets were infected with 10(8) CFU wild virulent and mutant isolates.

RESULTSPCR analysis confirmed that the coding genes of RevS were replaced completely by Spc(r) cassette and the basic biological characters of 05ZYH33 did not undergo any apparent change. Balb/c mice infection assay indicated that RevS play a role in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus suis infections, while no remarkable difference was observed in the piglets' pathogenesis infection rates between mutant isolates deltaA05ZYH33 and wild-type isolates 05ZYH33.

CONCLUSIONThe mutant of Streptococcus suis 05ZYH33 response regulator was successfully constructed, while the mutation did not obviously affect the bacterial biological characters, while the knock-out mutant of RevS was shown to be attenuated in pathogenesis to mice and piglets.

Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; methods ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Models, Genetic ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Streptococcal Infections ; microbiology ; Streptococcus suis ; genetics ; pathogenicity

BACKGROUND:The angiogenesis may be related to the proliferation of neural stem ceils,but there is still no unified view.OBJECTIVE:To observe the influence of angiogenesis on neural stem cell proliferation in the subventricular zone of rats after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group,sham group,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)+cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group,normal saline (NS)+cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group.The injection was done via the lateral cerebral ventricle.Then,each group was subdivided into four groups (1,2,7,14 days after ischemia/reperfusion).Focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion models were made by the thread method.After modeling,the corresponding intervention was given in each group.The expression changes of Nestin and vWF mRNA in the subventricular zone were detected in all groups by immunohistochemical staining and real-time PCR,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was a certain increase in vWF and Nestin positive expression in the subventricular zone after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.At 7 days after ischemia,the expression of vWF mRNA and Nestin reached the peak,indicating the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion is associated with the time of angiogenesis.In addition,the expression of vWF mRNA and Nestin was significantly higher in the VEGF+cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group than the other two groups,indicating angiogenesis could promote the proliferation of neural stem ceils in the subventricular zone of rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the reliability of the birth defects surveillance system in four counties with high prevalence of birth defects (Pingding, Xiyang, Taigu and Zezhou counties) in Shanxi province, China.

METHODSOne township was selected from each county as study site. The health workers chosen from township or village level were trained to visit families on the outcomes of each pregnancy who gave birth during year 2003 in the study site. The number of births and cases collected in the study were compared with that from the surveillance system. The number of births reported by surveillance system in four counties was also compared with the data from the local government. The criteria of evaluation were: 1) number of the missing report of births should < or = 5%, 2) the number of missing report on major external birth defects cases should < or = 10%. Researchers from the Peking University were responsible for examining the quality of surveillance in some terminal units of surveillance system.

RESULTSThe numbers of births reported in the study and from the surveillance system for four-township were 1043 and 997, respectively. 46 births were missing and the rate of misreporting for births was 4.4%. The numbers of birth defects cases reported in the study and from the surveillance system were 30 and 29, respectively. 1 case of birth defect as missed, and rate of misreporting for birth defects cases was 3.3%. The total number of births reported from surveillance was similar to that in the study in four counties, with a difference of 1.2%. Birth registry data was rather readable and special health workers responsible for surveillance work were present in all the terminal units of the surveillance system.

CONCLUSIONThe misreporting of births and cases existed in the birth defects surveillance system of the four counties in Shanxi province, but were lower than the allowable criteria. The surveillance units had better registration, reporting and administration of births and birth defect cases. Hence, the quality of the data from the surveillance system in these four counties was reliable.

Birth Certificates ; China ; epidemiology ; Congenital Abnormalities ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Population Surveillance ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Registries ; Reproducibility of Results

Antibody Formation ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; immunology

Objective To understand the knowledge and attitudes towards second hand smoking(SHS) among restaurant or bar patronage in five cities in China. Methods 405 restaurants and bars were conveniently selected in 5 cities as Beijing, Wuhan, Xi'an, Kunming and Guiyang. From each of these hospitality venues, at least 3 patrons, including one smoker, one female non-smoker and one male nonsmoker were asked to answer a questionnaire on their knowledge and attitudes towards SHS and smoking policies in public places. Results 43.1% of the respondents had good knowledge on SHS hazards. 65%reported that those who smoked around them had never asked for their permission, and about 60%admitted that they had never asked others to stop smoking in front of them. There were almost two thirds of patrons reporting that they once felt discomfort of SHS in restaurants or bars, nearly half of whom chose free restaurants and bars' initiations were only 30.0% and 19.8%, respectively. In Beijing, logistic regression model analyses showed that those who supporting 100 % smoke-free restaurants and bars tended to be non-smokers, aged 25 years or older and to have had at least college education. Also in Beijing, those being female, having at least college education or non-smokers were more likely to choose restaurants and bars with smoking restrictions. Conclusion Though knowledge on SHS hospitality patronage was still not high or popular for the public to refuse SHS exposure, banning smoking in hospitality venues was public's inclination and would become a trend in public health endeavor.

Objective　Mini-invasive Carisolv is an aid to treat dental caries for patients with dental phobia. The article was to investigate the level of pain in caries removal using mini-invasive Carisolv III gel and mechanical methods with four psychological indicators.　Methods　We collected 120 primary molar tooth caries of 60 children treated in our hospital. Two primary molar tooth caries of each child were respectively treated with Carisolv III gel (Group A) and mechanical method (Group B) for caries removal. Psychological indicators including the visual analog scale (VAS), the Frank1 behavior rating scale (Frank1), the Kuttner law (Kuttner), and the Houpt behavior rating scale (Houpt) were used to assess the level of pain, degree of cooperation, pain tolerance and comfort. The clinical efficiency after six months and treatment time were compared between the two groups.　Results　There was no statistically significant difference before treatment between the two groups using the four psychological indicators (P>0.05) , while significant differences were found during and after the treatment between the two groups (P<0.05). Then, Carisolv III gel and mechanical groups for careis removal were compared before, during and after treatment themselves. In the Carisolv III gel group, there was no statistically significant difference using the four psychological indicators (P>0.05). In the mechanical group, there were statistically significant differences before and during treatment or before and after treatment using the four psychological indicators (P<0.05). The treatment time in Carisolv III gel group was longer than in mechanical group (P=0.001). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in filling examination after six months (P=0.082).　Conclusion　Carisolv III gel for caries removal can effectively avoid pain, improve comfort and decrease fear in children, which can be promoted in clinical application.

BACKGROUND: It has been a global trend that increasing complications related to pelvic floor surgeries have been reported over time. The current study aimed to outline the development of Chinese pelvic floor surgeries related to pelvic organ prolapse (POP) over the past 14 years and investigate the potential influence of enhanced monitoring conducted by the Chinese Association of Urogynecology since 2011. METHODS: A total of 44,594 women with POP who underwent pelvic floor surgeries between October 1, 2004 and September 30, 2018 were included from 22 tertiary academic medical centers. The data were reported voluntarily and obtained from a database. We compared the proportion of each procedure in the 7 years before and 7 years after September 30, 2011. The data were analyzed by performing Z test (one-sided). RESULTS: The number of different procedures during October 1, 2011-September 30, 2018 was more than twice that during October 1, 2004-September 30, 2011. Regarding pelvic floor surgeries related to POP, the rate of synthetic mesh procedures increased from 38.1% (5298/13,906) during October 1, 2004-September 30, 2011 to 46.0% (14,107/30,688) during October 1, 2011-September 30, 2018, whereas the rate of non-mesh procedures decreased from 61.9% (8608/13,906) to 54.0% (16,581/30,688) (Z = 15.53, P < 0.001). Regarding synthetic mesh surgeries related to POP, the rates of transvaginal placement of surgical mesh (TVM) procedures decreased from 94.1% (4983/5298) to 82.2% (11,603/14,107) (Z = 20.79, P < 0.001), but the rate of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) procedures increased from 5.9% (315/5298) to 17.8% (2504/14,107). CONCLUSIONS: The rate of synthetic mesh procedures increased while that of non-mesh procedures decreased significantly. The rate of TVM procedures decreased while the rate of LSC procedures increased significantly. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03620565, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov.
China ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Pelvic Floor/surgery* ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse/surgery* ; Surgical Mesh/adverse effects* ; Treatment Outcome ; Vagina