Objective To explore the association of HbA1C with microvascular complications,and to evaluate the diagnostic value of HbA1C in diabetes mellitus in high-risk populations of Guangzhou.Methods HbA1C,blood glucose,fundus photography,and microalbuminuria were detected in 208 permanent residents with high-risk factors of diabetes.The receiver operating characteristiC(ROC)curves were used to estimate the area of HbA1C,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),postprandial 2 h plasma glucose(2hPG)under the curve for discriminating microvascular complications.Results There were 14.9% adults suffering from diabetic retinopathy and 12% microalbuminuria in high risk populations of diabetes.The optimal cutoff points of HbA1C,FPG,and 2hPG in detecting retinopathy were 5.8%,7.0 mmol/L,and 10.9 mmol/L respectively.The thresholds for increasing prevalence of microalbuminuria were5.8% for HbA1C,6.4 mmol/L for FPG,and 10.7 mmol/L for 2hPG.Conclusions The prevalence of diabetic microvascular complications increases dramatically at the concentration of HbA1C 5.8%.As a diagnostic value for microvascular complications,there is no significant difference between HbA1C and 2hPG.

Objective To retrospectively explore the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in Beijing.Methods The COPD patients who were discharged from the General Hospital of the Liberation Army,Peking Union medical college Hospital and Beijing Hospital between January 1st,2000 to March 20th,2010,were investigated.The prevalence of CVD were calculated.The tendency of the prevalence of CVD by age or discharge year and the difference of the prevalence of CVD between male and female were estimated by using chi-square analysis.Results There were 4960 COPD patients who were in accordance with the inclusion criteria with 3570 males and 1390 females.The mean age was 72.2±10.4 years.Of the COPD patients,48.8% were diagnosed as cardiovascular diseases.The age-adjusted over-all prevalence of CVD was 26.4%.Chronic pulmonary heart disease and other disease of pulmonary artery(15.8%)was the most frequent diseases,followed by heart failure(13.6%),ischemic heart disease (10.6%).In COPD patients,male was more likely to have angina,pulmonary heart disease and other disease of pulmonary artery and acute kidney failure (P＜0.05),while less likely to get arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter),heart failure,pulmonary embolism,hypertension and diabetes mellitus (P＜0.05).The prevalence of arrhythmia increased with age,however,the ischemic heart disease and heart failure decreased.The proportion of CVD decreased in male patients while increased in females.Conclusion The overall prevalence of CVD comorbidities was 48.8% in 4960 patients with COPD who were older than 40 years in Beijing.There were differences among the groups of various age and sex in the distribution of CVD comorbidities frequencies year by year.

Brachial Plexus ; anatomy & histology ; Brachial Plexus Neuropathies ; therapy ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; education ; Teaching

The study was aimed to investigate the changes of T-cell subgroups in the peripheral blood (PB) of patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and the relationships between these changes and the pathogenesis of AA and the immunosuppressive therapeutic effects in AA, in order to provide a basis for selecting rational therapy of AA patients. T-cell subtype and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cell in the PB of 88 AA patients which had been diagnosed clearly and given conventional therapy or conventional therapy combined with immunotherapy were analyzed by tri-colour fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibody and using multiparameter flow cytometry. The patients with AA were divided into normal type of ratio, inverted type of ratio, hypernormal type of ratio according to the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cell in normal group, and then the relations of these subtype with patients' conditions and therapeutic effects were investigated. The results showed that the percentage of normal type of ratio in all patients was 39.8%, the percentage of inverted type of ratio in all patients was 44.3%, The percentage of hypernormal type of ratio in all patients was 15.9%. In the conventional therapy alone, there was no significant difference on therapeutic effects among these three immunological subtypes. In combined immunotherapy, total therapeutic efficacy of AA patients with inverted type of ratio and AA patients with immunologic abnormality (inverted type + hypernormal type) was 84.2% and 82.6% respectively, which were more than that in conventional therapy (45.5% and 42.8%) (p < 0.05). Total therapeutic efficacy in these patients was better than that in AA patients with normal type. It is concluded that significant abnormal ratios of CD4+/CD8+ exist in the majority of AA patients, abnormal ratios of CD4+/CD8+ both may be showed as increase or decrease, immunologic abnormality may play a role in pathogenesis of the patients with AA. The detection of PB T-cell subtype in patients with aplastic anemia contributes to evaluation of patients' condition and choice of rational treatment prescription, and enhancement of diagnostic level and therapeutic efficacy significantly, which is an important indicator for therapeutic strategy also.
Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; immunology ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; cytology ; immunology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish a new method using AOTF-Near infrared spectroscopy for fast identifying Fufang Danshen tablets.

METHODNear-infrared spectroscopy of Fufang Danshen tablets from different factories and different bacth numbers were collected and the discriminant analysis model (FFDS-C) was established with principal component analysis. This model was applied to predict the the different samples of Fufang Danshn tablets.

RESULTThe model can be used to precisely identify Fufang Danshen tablets from other samples.

CONCLUSIONThe method with low consumption is simple and quick and can be applied to the identification of the Fufang Danshen tablets.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods ; Tablets ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of hypertension and glucose/lipid metabolism induced by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in hospitalized patients and their correlations to age and gender.

METHODSA retrospectively prevalence survey was conducted among the in-patients with COPD treated in General Hospital of PLA, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Hospital between January 1st, 2000 and March 20th, 2010.

RESULTSA total of 4960 COPD patients were selected, including 3570 male and 1390 female patients with a mean age of 72.2∓10.4 years. Among these patients, hypertension had the highest prevalence (40.3%), followed by diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance (18.8%) and then by hyperlipidemia/fat protein metabolism (6.9%). The prevalence of hyperlipidemia/lipoprotein metabolism in the COPD patients over 80 years old decreased significantly with age. The prevalence of hypertension increased with age. In patients over 50 years old, the prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in female than in male patients (P<0.05). The prevalence of diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance increased with age in male patients but decreased in female patients aged :80 years (P<0.05). Female patients in 60-69.9 and 70-79.9 years groups had significantly higher incidence of diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance than male patients (P<0.05), but not at older ages. The incidence of hyperlipidemia/lipoprotein metabolism disorder increased with age in both male and female patients aged below 80 years (P<0.05), but in 60-69.9 and 70-79.9 year groups, female patients had a significantly higher incidence than male patients (P<0.05); at the ages :80 years, the incidences was lowered in both women and men without a gender-specific differences (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe data we obtained concerning the prevalence of hypertension and glucose/lipid metabolism disorder, age distribution, and gender characteristics of the COPD patients provide a clear target for secondary prevention of COPD.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Glucose Metabolism Disorders ; complications ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Lipid Metabolism Disorders ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; complications ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo determine the self-compatibility of Platycodon grandiflorum and the location of microspore germination on stigma.

METHODThe microspore germination of self-pollination, self-plant-pollination and cross-pollination and the pollination microspore germination in and outside of stigma were observed with fluorescence microscopy.

RESULTMost pollens of self-pollination, self-plant-pollination and cross-pollination can germinate on the stigma, and after 24 hours, pollen tube entered into the ovary successfully. Pollinated on the outer-surface of stigma, microspores could not germinate, but on the inner-surface of the stigma when it dehisced most microspores can germinate.

CONCLUSIONThe compatibility of self-plant-pollination of Platycodon grandiflorum is high. The microspore germination loci is on the inner-surface of the dehisced stigma.

Flowers ; growth & development ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Platycodon ; growth & development ; Pollen Tube ; growth & development ; Pollination ; physiology

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors regarding quality of life among patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods Through stratified cluster sampling method,two hundred patients with AD and their caregivers were chosen and interviewed.AD patients were assessed by questionnaires,Montreal Cognitive Assessment,and Quality of LifeAlzheimer' s Disease (QOL-AD),in order to compare the reports from patients and caregivers on QOL-AD and to analyze related influencing factors.Descriptive analysis,paired t-test,analysis of variance (ANOVA),Pearson' s correlation and multiple linear regression were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).Results The scores of reports from patients (28.78 ±4.30) were lower than that from the caregivers' (30.05 ± 6.05).The difference was statistically significant (t=2.122,P＜0.05) and was positively correlated (r=0.312,P＜0.001).Data from multivariate analysis showed that cognitive level (t=3.465,P=0.001),marriage relationship (t=3.062,P=0.003 ),having public activities (t =2.581,P=0.011 ),personal characters (t =2.254,P =0.026),restricted diet pattern (t=3.614,P＜0.001),regularly drinking tea (t=2.652,P=0.009) and doing housework (t=3.180,P=0.002) were predictive factors.Conclusion Scores from the caregiver' s report on QOL-AD were higher than that from the patients'.Many factors influenced the quality of life on AD patients.Strategies on improving the quality of life among AD patients can be developed based on the findings of this study.

Objective To investigate the association of post-stroke depression (PSD) with gene polymorphisms of catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) Val1 08/158Met and dopamine transporter 40bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in dopamine metabolism system. Methods Sixty-eight patients with PSD and 91 patients only suffered from stroke, admitted to our hospital from January 2010to June 2010, were chosen; the gene polymorphisms ofCOMT Val108/158Met and DAT 40 bp VNTR were analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results The genotypes of COMT gene amplifications were wild type (G/G),homozygous mutant type (A/A) and heterozygous type (A/G); 7 repeated genotypes (7/7, 9/7, 10/7, 10/9,10/10, 11/10 and 11/11) were noted in the DA T gene amplifications; frequencies of COMT alleles and genotypes were significantly different between the 2 groups (x2=5.703, P=0.017;x2=6.489, P=0.039). The frequencies of COMT alleles and genotypes were significantly different between the 2 female groups (x2=4.610, P=0.032;x2=6.547, P=0.024), but no significant differences were found between the 2 male groups (P＞0.05). The frequencies and heterozygosity of DAT alleles and genotypes showed no obvious differences between the 2 groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion The gene polymorphism of COMT Val108/158Met may be associated with PSD, while that of DAT 40bp VNTR is not.

This study was purposed to investigate the relationship between HLA-A, B allele polymorphisms and red blood cell parameters of patients with --(SEA/αα) subtype of α(0)-thalassemia in Han ethnic population of Wuzhou city. The HLA genetic polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) in 57 patients with --(SEA/αα) subtype of α(0)-thalassemia of Han ethnic population in Wuzhou city, Guangxi province, China. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were detected by automatic blood analyzer system. HbA2 were detected by electrophoretic method. The statistical analysis was performed by ordinal polytomous logistic regression. The results showed that Hb and HbA2 levels were significantly lower in patients positive for HLA-A*33:03, B*15:01 or B*55:02, and were significantly higher in patients positive for B*15:02 (P < 0.05). It is concluded that several HLA alleles may be associated with Hb level of --(SEA/αα) subtype of α(0)-thalassemia of Han ethnic population in Wuzhou city. This result has the value for understanding phenotype-genotype relationships in thalassemia.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Erythrocytes ; cytology ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; HLA-A Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; Hemoglobins, Abnormal ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; alpha-Thalassemia ; blood ; classification ; epidemiology ; genetics