Objective To develop a child neglect scale with Chinese culture background to assess the status of the neglected children in China,and examine the reliability and validity of the child-neglect scale(CNS).Methods Considering the cultural background of China,an item pool was established by revising items in correlative literatures and scales.Then,the first draft of the CNS was improved by reserving the effective items well graded by professional experts.A total of 871 students from 2 junior high schools and a vocational and technical college were involved in the study.Those students were surveyed with Parental Rearing Patterns scale and child neglect scale.Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were applied to the development and evaluation of the structure of the scale.Results The findings were as follows:the general Cronbach′s Alpha reliability was 0.85,the split-half reliability was 0.81,the test-retest reliability was 0.90. The CNS was made of the 4 sub-scales which was safe neglect scale,physical neglect scale,communion neglect scale and affection neglect scale.the general Cronbach′s Alpha reliability of the child neglect scale was 0.79-0.85,the split-half reliability was 0.64-0.81,and the test-retest reliability was 0.82-0.90.The item loadings of the neglect scale were over 0.30.The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the ratio of Chi-square to degrees of freedom were 1.766,the goodness of fit index was 0.917,the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.916,and the root mean square error of approximation was 0.047.Criterion-related validity studies indicated that the scores of the CNS were significantly correlated with the rearing patterns as well(r=0.049,-0.465 P

reliability, content validity, construct validity, and criterion - related validity of the CNS are entirely in accordance with the psychometric demands.

In order to improve the efficiency of drug screening on serotonin transporter (SERT) inhibitors, a high-throughput screening (HTS) model is established in RBL-2H3 cells. The RBL-2H3 cells are very similar to the serotonin genetic neuro, in modulation of post-receptor mechanisms and transduction pathway of SERT reactivated. Depending on a fluorescence substrate ASP+ used in detection method of inhibitor rates, it's convenient, quick, accurate and effective, not making the environmental biohazard compared with radioactive experiments. Furthermore, biological screening model combined with computer aided virtual screening technique describing high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS). Bayesian classification method and molecular fingerprint similarity were applied to virtual screening technique, for screening compounds in compound library. Some compounds have been found, and then validated further by biological screening model. Combination of HTS and HTVS improves the efficiency of screening SERT inhibitors.
Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; Cell Line ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Models, Biological ; Rats ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; pharmacology

Cell Line ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Microglia ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology

Alcohol-Related Disorders ; metabolism ; Animals ; Benzofurans ; pharmacology ; Glutamic Acid ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism

Adult ; Aged ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hemorheology ; Humans ; Male ; Microcirculation ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Nails ; blood supply ; Phytotherapy

Artificial intelligence technology is being widely applied in drug screening. This paper introduces the characteristics of artificial intelligence, and summarizes the application and progress of artificial intelligence technology especially deep learning in drug screening, from ligand-based and receptor structure-based aspects. This paper also introduces how to apply artificial intelligence to drug design from these two aspects. Finally, we discuss the main limitations, challenges, and prospects of artificial intelligence technology in the field of drug screening.

In the process of new drug discovery, the application of virtual screening can enrich active compounds, reduce the cost of drug screening, and increase the feasibility of drug screening. Therefore virtual screening technology has become an important approach for new drug discovery. As virtual screening and bioactivity screening possess different advantages, their combination can effectively promote new drug discovery. In the present paper, the application and the trend of removal of non-drug compounds, removal of false positive compounds, pharmacophore searching, molecular docking, and molecular similarity in the process of drug discovery are introduced in order to obtain more benefit from virtual screening strategy for new drug discovery.
Drug Design ; Drug Discovery ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Models, Molecular

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of progesterone against high intraocular pressure-induced ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury.

METHODSTwenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, IR model, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent treatment group, and progesterone treatment group. In the latter 3 groups, retinal IR injury was induced by intraocular injection of saline. In the progesterone group, intraperitoneal injections of 4 mg/kg progesterone were administered 30 min before and 2 h after ischemia, and an equivalent volume of DMSO was used in the DMSO group. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured by spectrophotometer after the treatment, and the pathological changes of the retina were observed by transmission electron microscope and light microscope.

RESULTSSix hours after reperfusion, the content of MDA in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0.01), but lower than that in progesterone treatment group (P<0.01); reverse changes in SOD activity was observed. In the model group, the inner nuclear layer and nerve fiber layer became thinner with obvious cellular pathologies including nuclear condensation, mitochondria vacuolization and endocytoplasmic reticulum swelling. Progesterone treatment markedly alleviated these pathologies in the inner nuclear layer and nerve fiber layer of the retina.

CONCLUSIONProgesterone offers protection of the retina against IR injury in SD rats by increasing SOD activity and decreasing MDA content in the retina.

Animals ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Female ; Ischemia ; etiology ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Ocular Hypertension ; complications ; Progesterone ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Retina ; metabolism ; Retinal Vessels ; physiopathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

The development of new drug is not only the main driving force for the development of pharmaceutical industry, but also plays a very important role in the social development. However, with the increasing demands, new drug development is facing great difficulties in recent years. The hypothesis of highly selective single-target is meeting the challenges because of its limitations. Network pharmacology has been one of the new strategies for new drug discovery based on single-target drug research in recent years. This paper focused on the basis of network pharmacology and its research progress, discussed its development direction and application prospects, and analyzed its limitations and problems as well. The application of network pharmacology in new drug development is discussed by comparing its guidelines with those of traditional Chinese medicine theory and Effective Components Group hypothesis of Chinese medicines.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Computational Biology ; methods ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Software ; Systems Biology ; methods