Objective To study on the effectiveness of endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)in detec- ting insulinoma preoperatively.Methods Fifteen patients with clinical and biochemical signs of insulinoma were examined by EUS using a radial-scanning ultrasound endoscope and abdominal ultrasonography,CT, DSA prior to surgery.The outcome was evaluated on the basis of surgery and examination of the resected specimens.Results Fifteen patients with 16 lesions of insulinoma were identified by surgery and pathology. The aceuraey of diagnosis with EUS was 13/15(86.7%),and that with B-US,CT,DSA was 3/15(20%), 5/15(33.3%),9/14(64.3%)respectively.In the 14 lesions identified by EUS,10 lesions were depicted to be hypoechogenic,1 lesion was isoechogenic and 3 lesions were hyperechogenie.All 14 lesions were well demarcated and surrounded by normal pancreatic tissue.The minimum size of the lesion visualized by EUS was 0.5cm.Ten lesions were correctly detected by EUS with size of 0.5～2.0cm.EUS missed diagnosis in 2 lesions not for their small size.EUS falsely indicated a 10mm lesion from two lesions inside the head of pancreas.One lesion outside the pancreatic tail and one lesion in the pancreatic head were missed by EUS in another case.Conclusion EUS is superior in assessing the location of pancreatic insulinoma than other ima- ging methods such as B-US,CT,DSA.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of EUS in patients with chronic abdominal pain of suspected pancreatic origin.Methods The EUS findings and related clinical data of 106 patients with chronic abdominal pain of suspected pancreatic origin(excluding the patients with suspected pancreatic malignancies)from 1991 to 2004 in PUMCH were retrospectively analyzed.Results(1)The principal dis- ease interpreting the chronic abdominal pain of suspected pancreatic origin(excluding pancreatic malignan- cies)was chronic pancreatitis(CP)(57.5%),the following contributions were other pancreatic diseases (18.9%)and unknown diseases(11.3%).(2)The sensitivity and specificity of EUS for diagnosing CP was 95.1% and 64.4% respectively,the positive predictive value(PPV)and negative predictive value (NPV)was 78.4% and 90.6% respectively.(3)Abhormalities of pancreatic parenchyma structure based on EUS were the main findings(90.2%)in patients with CP and non-homogeneous echo pattern combined with hyper echoic dots or calcification was the predominant feature(52.5%).The value of isolated inhomo- geneity and focal enhanced eehogenicity for diagnosing CP were limited(P＞0.05).Abnormalities of pan- ereatic ductal system were presented in 63.9% of patients with CP and dilation of pancreatic duct was the major feature(34.4%).CP with focal mass(inflammatory pseudotumor)was usually presented as hypo e- choic mass in the pancreatic head based on EUS(90%),which was similar to the EUS feature of pancreatic cancer.(4)The general accordant rate based on EUS with ERCP or BT-PABA were 77.8% and 70.4% re- spectively,and the correct rate based on combine diagnosis were 100% and 95.2%.Conclusion CP is the main source of chronic abdominal pain of suspected pancreatic origin(excluding pancreatic malignancies). EUS has good sensitivity but inadequate specificity for diagnosing CP,while ERCP may be more sensitive than EUS for detecting pancreatic ductal lesions.Pancreatic parenchymal abnormalities contribute the major EUS features of CP but the value of isolated inhomogeneity and focal enhanced echogenicity for diagnosing CP are limited.

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of Jiangzhining decoction on the genetic expression of Liver LDLR of the rats suffered from hyperlipemia.

METHODLaboratory animals were male wister rats with hyperlipemia resulting from high fat feeding. Prescription was the douche of stomach with Jiangzhining decoction (200%) with a dosage of 1.4 g.kg-1, for 15 successive days. Total RNA was extracted from the liver tissue of treated rats and LDLRmRNA was detected by Dot blot hybridization. Expression levels of LDLRmRNA was estimated by a ratio of LDLRmRNA and beta-actin mRNA.

RESULTThe difference between expression levels of LDLRmRNA for normal group and those for hyperlipemia group (100% +/- 19% vs 39% +/- 14%) was significant (P < 0.05); and the difference between decoction group (108 +/- 8%) and hyperlipimia group was also highly significant (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONHigh fat feeding reduces the expression of liver LDLRmRNA while the decoction can greatly increase it. The study and development of Jiangzhining are significant in preventing and curing cadiocerebral diseases.

Actins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Animals ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Hyperglycemia ; metabolism ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, LDL ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Abdominal Wall ; Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; Colonic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Female ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Ileal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Ileocecal Valve ; Leiomyoma ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; diagnosis ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo ascertain the pathogen of aseptic encephalitis epidemic in Long-Yan city in Fujian, and to find out the genetic characteristics of the virus.

METHODSRapid detection of enteroviral RNA by reverse transcription polymerasechain reaction (RT-PCR) was directly carried out in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) to isolate and identify the viruses from CSF at the same time, and to detect the neutralization antibody in two serum specimens collected in acute and convalescence phase. Nucleotides of VP1 region was also analyzed by constructing phylogenetic tree.

RESULTSECHO 19 infection was rapidly diagnosed and sequence analysed by RT-PCR, and then echovirus type 19 from 16 of 30 CSF samples (53.33%) was isolated and detected using RD and Hep-2 cells simultaneity. The titer of ECHO 19 neutralization antibody became positive or increased by 4 times from acute to convalescence phase in 4 of the 5 patients. Phylogenetic analyses of the VP1 genes of these isolates showed that their nucleotides identity were 98.9% -100.0% which were different from those ECHO 19 from GeneBank database by 13.0%-22.4%.

CONCLUSIONThe etiology of the epidemic of aseptic encephalitis was attributed to ECHO 19. The method of molecular identification not only provided rapid diagnosis of enterovirus infections, but also information about the genetic character of the viruses.

Antibodies, Neutralizing ; analysis ; China ; epidemiology ; Echovirus Infections ; diagnosis ; immunology ; virology ; Encephalitis, Viral ; epidemiology ; virology ; Enterovirus B, Human ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo study the rearrangement of immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain variable region (V(H)) genes in human neonates with different gestational ages (GA).

METHODSPeripheral blood from the neonates with GA of 27 weeks (4 cases), 28-32 weeks (9 cases), 33-36 weeks (12 cases), and 37-42 weeks (13 cases) was collected. RT-PCR was used to amplify the Ig V(H) gene, and the PCR products were separated by electrophoresis and analyzed using 6% denaturing PAGE gel.

RESULTSAll Ig V(H) family genes had several rearranged genes in each GA group, and the neonates with different GA showed no significant difference in the median molecular weight for each rearranged Ig V(H) family gene.

CONCLUSIONThe neonates with GA of 27-42 weeks exhibit diversity in Ig V(H) gene rearrangement, and for the same Ig V(H) family, the median length of the arranged Ig V(H) genes is independent of the gestational age.

Gene Rearrangement ; Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin Variable Region ; genetics ; Infant, Newborn ; Multigene Family ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Child, Preschool ; Favism ; complications ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of arsenic pollution caused by coal-burning on methylation (promoter and exon 5) and mutation (exon 5) of human p53 gene, and to analyze the relationship between methylation, mutation and arsenism.

METHODSAccording to the diagnostic criteria of endemic arsenism, 112 patients with arsenism (including 38 mild cases, 43 moderate cases and 31 severe cases) were selected in the areas with endemic arsenism from Xingren, Guizhou province. Among the subjects, 43 cases were diagnosed by dermatopathological methods, and they were divided into non-cancerous group (24 cases) and cancerous group (19 cases). 90 controls were selected from the non-arsenic polluted areas. Under the principle of informed consent, blood samples were collected from individuals. The methylation of p53 gene in promoter region and exon 5 were detected by extinction enzyme-PCR, the mutation of p53 gene (exon 5) was detected by PCR-SSCP, PCR products cloning and sequencing technology.

RESULTSThe positive rates of methylation of p53 gene in promoter region were 13.16% (5/38), 27.91% (12/43) and 45.16% (14/31) respectively among mild, moderate and severe arsenism group, which were obviously higher than the rates in the control group (1.11% (1/90), χ² values were 8.679, 23.690, 41.199, respectively, both P values < 0.017). The positive rates of methylation of p53 gene were 25.00% (6/24) and 63.16% (12/19) in non-cancerous and cancerous group respectively, which were obviously higher than those in the control group (1.11% (1/90), χ² values were 18.762, 57.497, respectively, both P values < 0.025). The positive rates of methylation of p53 gene (exon 5) were 55.26% (21/38), 51.16% (22/43) and 48.39% (15/31) respectively among mild, moderate and severe arsenism group, which were obviously lower than the rates in the control group (88.88% (80/90), χ² values were 18.151, 23.168, 22.420, respectively, both P values < 0.017). The positive rates of methylation of p53 gene (exon 5) were 54.17% (13/24) and 42.11% (8/19) in non-cancerous and cancerous group respectively, which were obviously lower than those in the control group (88.88% (80/90), χ² values were 15.201, 22.075, respectively, both P values < 0.025). The mutation rates of p53 gene (exon 5) were respectively 5.26% (2/38), 16.28% (7/43) and 25.81% (8/31) among mild, moderate and severe arsenism group; while the results in moderate and severe arsenism group were obviously higher than in the control group (0.00%, χ² values were 15.465, 24.870, respectively, both P values < 0.017). The positive rate of mutation of p53 gene (exon 5) were respectively 16.67% (4/24) and 31.58% (6/19) in non-cancerous and cancerous group, which were obviously higher than it in the control group (0.00%, χ² values were 15.545, 30.077, both P values < 0.025). The hypermethylation of p53 gene in promoter region was related with the mutation of p53 gene (exon 5) (coefficient of association was 0.294, P value < 0.05); and the hypomethylation of p53 gene (exon 5) was related with the its mutation (coefficient of association was 0.410, P value < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONArsenic pollution caused by coal-burning can cause the hypermethylation of p53 gene in promoter region, hypomethylation and mutation of p53 gene (exon 5), and the changes of methylation of p53 gene are related with its mutation and might be one of the important etiological factors of arsenic pathogenicity or carcinogenesis.

Adult ; Arsenic Poisoning ; etiology ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Coal ; adverse effects ; DNA Methylation ; Environmental Pollution ; adverse effects ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

OBJECTIVESTo test in vitro the spermatozocidine drug which can also prevent sex transmitting diseases (STD) pathogens.

METHODSChlorheridine diacetate and other three chemical compounds were applied in vitro spermatozocidine and sperm inhibitting tests.

RESULTSThe lowest concentrations of chlorheridine diacetate and p-nitrophenol which can inhibit human sperm in 20 seconds were 1.25 mg/ml. The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of chlorheridine diacetate and p-nitrophenol on Streptococcus albus Stemberg were 0.125 to 0.50 mg/ml and 0.25 to 1.00 mg/ml.

CONCLUSIONSChlorheridine diacetate and p-uitrophenol have strong spermatozocidine and antibacteria effects.

Acetates ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; drug effects ; Nitrophenols ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; prevention & control ; Spermatocidal Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Streptococcus ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism of APL cell resistance to ATRA.

METHODSThe ATRA sensitive and resistant APL cell lines, NB4 and NB4-R1, were used as in vitro models. The effects of specific inhibitors and activators of adenylate cyclase (AC) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) on ATRA-induced differentiation was evaluated by cell morphology, cell surface antigen expression and nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assays.

RESULTSSQ22536, a specific antagonist of AC, could dramatically block ATRA-induced NB4 cell differentiation. When ATRA + SQ22536 group compared with ATRA group, the positivity of CD11b decreased from (95.9 +/- 2.5)% to (60.3 +/- 7.1)%, while the A(540) in NBT reduction assay decreased from 0.585 +/- 0.092 to 0.170 +/- 0.028 (P < 0.05). Forskolin, an agonist of AC, could overcome the resistance of NB4-R1 cells to ATRA. When ATRA + forskolin group compared with ATRA group, the positivity of CD11b increased from (34.3 +/- 5.3)% to (94.6 +/- 2.4)%, while the A(540) in NBT reduction assay increased from 0.110 +/- 0.028 to 0.395 +/- 0.049 (P < 0.05). In contrast, the specific antagonist and agonist of PDE, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and calmodulin, exerted little impact on ATRA treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe defaults in the initiation of AC activation may contribute to the resistance to ATRA in some APL cells.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; CD11b Antigen ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology