ObjectiveTo summarize the initial experience of transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery of urology.MethodsFrom February 2010 to March 2011,21 patients underwent laparoendoscopic single-site surgery using transumbilical single-site and common surgical instruments of laparoendoscopic.Nine patients underwent single-site laparoscopic ureterolithotomy,5 underwent transumbilical single-site laparoscopic ureteral stricture resection and anastomosis,5 underwent transumbilical single-site laparoscopic renalcyst unroofing and 2 had a nephrectomy.All of the cases were definitely diagnosed.A single umbilical incision of 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm was made for Triport.The procedures were performed according to the methods used in classical laparoscope methods using general instruments.ResultsAll the operations were successfully completed without conversion to open surgery.The mean operative time of ureterolithotomy was 143 (120-230) min,the mean operative time of ureteral stricture resection and anastomosis was 157 (120 -180) min,the mean operative time of unroofing of renal cysts was 110 (95 -132) min,and the operative time of the nephrectomy was from 95 to 120 min.The intestinal tract function recovered within 1 -2 d,the drainage tube was removed within 2 -3 d and the postoperative hospitalization duration was 4 -7 d.The symptoms were reduced or disappeared and no major intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred within 4 - 6 months.Conclusions Transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery represents a safe and feasible operation for urologic patients.With more clinical practice,laparoendoscopic single-site surgery could be generally applied.

Objective To investigate the effect of 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) on transplanted rectal tumors in experimental rabbit models. Methods A total of 60 New Zealand white rabbits with transplanted rectal tumor were randomly and equally divided into low-dose (0.5 mmol/L), medium-dose (1.0 mmol/L), high-dose (2.0 mmol/L) treatment groups and saline control group with 15 rabbits in each group. Arterial perfusion of 10 ml 3-BrPA with concentration of 0.5 mmol/L, 1.0 mmol/L and 2.0 mmol/L via caudal mesenteric artery was respectively employed for the rabbits of the corresponding treatment group; the control group was perfused with equal amounts of saline. Four days later, rectal tumors were removed by vivisection. The necrosis degree of tumor cells was determined by microscopic examination, and the necrosis rate was calculated. The effect of different 3-BrPA concentrations on the rectal tumor was evaluated. Results The rectal tumor transplantation and transcatheter 3-BrPA or saline perfusion was successfully completed in all 60 experimental rabbits. Microscopically, tumor cells showed different degrees of damage in experimental rabbits. In low-dose (0.5 mmol/L) treatment group, gradeⅠnecrosis was observed in 3 rabbits, gradeⅡin 11 rabbits, and gradeⅢin one rabbit;the effective rate was 6.7%. In medium-dose (1.0 mmol/L) treatment group, gradeⅡnecrosis was seen in 2 rabbits, grade Ⅲ in 10 rabbits, and grade Ⅳ in 3 rabbits; the effective rate was 86.6%. In high-dose (2.0 mmol/L) treatment group, gradeⅢnecrosis was detected in 2 rabbits and gradeⅣin 13 rabbits;the effective rate was 100.0%. In the saline control group, grade I necrosis was observed in 15 rabbits. Statistically significant differences in tumor necrosis rate and effective rate existed between medium-dose (1.0 mmol/L) treatment group and high-dose (2.0 mmol/L) treatment group (P<0.05). Statistically significant differences in tumor necrosis rate also existed between each other among the four groups with necrosis of gradeⅠto gradeⅣ(P<0.05). 3-BrPA had obvious therapeutic effect, while it showed no damage to the normal intestinal tissue. Conclusion For the treatment of transplanted rectal tumor in rabbit models, arterial infusion of 3-BrPA has certain therapeutic effect. In the high-dose group, the necrosis rate and effective rate are the highest, and the therapeutic results are the most significant.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Humans ; Male ; Thymosin ; pharmacology ; Young Adult

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; CA-125 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymph Node Excision ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of maternal deprivation on the activity of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, acute stress response and the sex hormone receptors expression in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in female rats.

METHODSMaternal deprivation model was induced in female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Foot shock was given at different stages of estrus cycle during the adulthood. Plasma estradiol, testosterone and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) levels were determined by radioimmunoassay; and plasma corticosterone level was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER-β) in the hypothalamic PVN was detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSDecreased plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels were found in the proestrus of female rats with maternal deprivation (P=0.012 and P=0.019, respectively). A significant down-regulation (P=0.008) of PVN-AR, but not PVN-ER-β expression was found in female rats with maternal deprivation.

CONCLUSIONMaternal deprivation may reduce the HPA axis activity in female SD rats, which is closely correlated with the fluctuation of the circulating sex hormones. The androgen in the hypothalamus seems to play a more important role than the estrogen in this procedure.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; blood ; Animals ; Corticosterone ; blood ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; physiopathology ; Maternal Deprivation ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; metabolism ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Androgen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; Testosterone ; blood

Adult ; Blast Injuries ; therapy ; Explosions ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Trauma ; therapy

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of endoscopic plastic stent and metal stent placement in relieving obstructive jaundice in patients with pancreatic cancer,and to analyse the cost effectiveness.Methods A retrospective review was performed on the clinical data of 102 pancreatic cancer patients with obstructive jaundice in General Hospital of Northern Theater Command between January 2013 to January 2014.The patients were divided into plastic stent group (n =26) and metal stent group (n =76)based on the type of biliary stent placed under endoscopy.The complication and short-term therapeutic effect were compared between two groups.The number of endoscopic stent placement,treatment interval,hospitalization cost and median survival time were recorded.Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin (TBiL) in the two groups 5-7 days after endotherapy were significantly lower than those before treatment,but the difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (P ＜0.05).No severe complication was observed.The average number of treatments in the metal stent group was significantly lower than that in the plastic stent group (1.7 times vs 2.9 times),and the treatment interval was significantly longer[(271.7 ± 42.3) d vs (113.4 ± 38.2) d].The difference above between these two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference on the average total hospitalization cost (84227.2 yuan vs 86906.8 yuan) or median survival time (15.6 months vs 13.1 months)between these two groups.Conclusions Primary placement of metal biliary stents for obstructive jaundice in adult patients with metastatic pancreatic carcinoma was cost-effective than plastic stents,and their effects were comparable.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hand,foot and mouth diseases (HFMD) in Linyi area,which may provide insight for developing disease control therapy.Methods Make an observation table,then record and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HFMD in Linyi area.The data was then descriptively analyzed.Results The highest peak of HFMD incidence was detected at May.Most of the patients were children less than 3 years old and there was a tendency of HFMD in boys and children living in rural and suburban areas.Clinical symptoms mainly included fever and skin rash.Severe patients can also have various complications.Laboratory test usually showed elevated leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage.The major pathogens causing severe HFMD cases were enterovirus 71 (EV71),accounting for 77.21％ of all cases.Conclusion HFMD of Linyi area showed varied epidemiological characteristics at different seasons,areas and population.Developing control therapy according to the specific epidemiological and clinical characteristics is essential for the management of HFMD in Linyi area.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects and mechanism of electroacupuncture combined with medium frequency therapy on lumbar nerve root compression.

METHODSSeventy-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a sham operation group, a model group, an electroacupuncture group (EA group), a medium frequency group(MF group) and an electroacupuncture combined with medium frequency group (EA + MF group), twelve rats in each group. Models were established by surgery except the normal group and the sham operation group. Rats in the normal group, the sham operation group and the model group were not treated. In the EA group, the rats were treated by electroacupuncture at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) and "Huantiao" (GB 30) etc., and by medium frequency at the "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) and "Huantiao"(GB 30) in the MF group. Rats in the EA + MF group were treated by both electroacupuncture and medium frequency. All treatments were started on the fifth day of established model, once a day for fourteen days. Rats' lower limb functions were observed before and after treatment, thromboxane B 2 (TXB 2) and prostacyclin F1alpha (PGF1alpha) in blood plasma were tested after treatment, and pathological changes in the local compressed nerve root were observed by light microscope.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the scores of rats' lower limb neurologic function in three therapy groups were significantly lower than before (all P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, TXB 2 in the EA group and the EA + MF group after treatment were decreased significantly (both P < 0.01), and PGF1alpha in the EA + MF group was increased significantly (P < 0.01), and TXB 2/PGF1alpha level were all regulated favorably in three therapy groups (all P < 0.01), and the pathological scores in the EA group and the EA + MF group were improved significantly (both P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONn Electroacupuncture combined with medium frequency has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in model rats with lumbar nerve root compression, and its mechanism may be related with the regulation of homeostasis M between TXB 2 and PGF1alpha so as to improve microcirculation.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electric Stimulation ; instrumentation ; Electroacupuncture ; Epoprostenol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; immunology ; Male ; Radiculopathy ; blood ; immunology ; therapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thromboxane B2 ; blood

Coal ; Dust ; analysis ; Gases ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis ; etiology