MicroRNAs are the endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by mediating gene post-transcriptional silence.Among them,miR-21,miR-17-92,miR-214,miR-26a,miR-221,miR-222and so on mainly suppress the expression of PTEN phosphohydrolase through targeting PTEN mRNA 3'-UTR.PTEN plays an important role in cell proliferation,apoptosis,migration and invasion,and its low expression will induce tumorigenesis.

AlM: To compare the clinical efficacy of treatment on recurrent pterygium using different concentration mitomycin C ( MMC) in the pterygium excision operation combined with the corneal limbal stem cell autografting ( CLSCA) .METHODS: Sixty patients ( 65 eyes ) with recurrent pterygium were randomly divided into three groups. All cases were accepted CLSCA, 21 patients (22 eyes) were given 0. 15g/L MMC during operation, 20 patients ( 22 eyes) were given 0. 25g/L MMC during operation, 19 patients ( 21 eyes ) were given 0. 4g/L MMC during operation. The patients were followed up for 6mo to 2a.RESULTS:The recurrent rates of the three groups were 9%, 5%, 5% respectively. There was no statistically significant differences (P>0. 05). The complication rates of the three groups were 5%, 36%, 33% respectively. There were statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). CONCLUSlON: The treatment to the recurrent pterygium using low concentration MMC has the similar recurrence rates, but the complication rate was lower, it is an ideal operation method, and it is worth popularization and application.

Objective To investigate the relationship between age and biochemical markers of bone absorption and bone formation in old men. Methods Urinary deoxypyridinoline crosslinks (Dpd),calcium (Ca),serum bone g1aprotein (BGP),procollagen I C terminal peptides (PICP) and testosterone (Tes) were determined by ELISA. Urinary hydroxyproline (Hyp) was tested by HPLC,and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) was assayed by electrophoresis. The data from 210 old man were compared with those of postmenopausal women and young men. Results As the age increased in old men, the levels of bone absorption markers increased (Dpd:12.6%,Hyp:23.5%), and bone formation markers decreased (BGP:3.1%,PICP:45.9%).The average level of Dpd in old men was (4.53?1.34) nmol/mmolCre, lower than that of postmenopausal women [(7.90?3.27) nmol/mmolCre] and young men [(6.78?3.31) mol/mmolCre], t test P

AIM: To investigate the effect of PEDF on retinal neovascularization in mice. METHODS: 40 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice was exposed to 750mL/L oxygen for 5 days and then to normal situation to produce the murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR). One eye of the mouse was regarded as experimental one and the other served as control. Eyes in experimental group received intravitreal injection of PEDF and eyes in control group received intravitreal injection of PBS at postnatal day 12. All mice were executed at postnatal day 17. The changes of retinal vessels of mice were observed by ADPase histochemical technique. The inhibitory effect of PEDF on retinal neovascularization was evaluated by counting the endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels which extended from retina to vitreous in the tissue slice of HE staining. RESULTS: Neovascularization was reduced, retinal blood vessels distributed regularly and non-perfusion areas were not found in eyes of experimental group compared with control group. The number of endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels extending from retina to vitreous was significantly less in the eyes of experimental group (10.18±1.74) than that in control group (38.89±2.98) (P<0.01). Retinal toxicity and inflammatory reactions were not found in tissue slice.CONCLUSION: PEDF inhibits retinal angiogenesis in OIR and the feasibility should be determined for use of PEDF in ocular angiogenesis treatment.

Objective To study the relationship between velocities of ductus venosus(DV),inferior vena cava(IVC) and right hepatic vein(RHV) of fetus,and abnormal perinatal outcome in high-risk pregnancy so as to find out which venous velocity can predict abnormal perinatal outcome and which velocity is the best for predicting abnormal perinatal outcome. Methods Velocities of DV,IVC and RHV in 67 cases of high-risk pregnancy were examined through color Doppler and their relationship with perinatal outcome was analyzed respectively. Results RHV-pulsatility index(PI) ,DV-pre-load index(PLl) ,DV-S/A and IVC-peak velocity index(PVI) could all predict abnormal perinatal outcome in high-risk pregnancy. But RHV-PI had the best prediction, and when its positive cutoff value was taken as 2. 89,the sensitivity for abnormal outcome was 75. 0% ,the specificity was 76. 7% ,and the correct index (Youden index) was 0. 52. Conclusions RHV-PI can best predict abnormal perinatal outcome in high-risk pregnancy,which can help a lot for prompt clinical treatment.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the whole herb of Dicliptera chinensis.Methods Separation and purification were conducted by silica gel column chromatographic and preparative TLC methods,the structures were identified by IR,NMR,and MS.Results Thirteen compounds were isolated from petroleum ester extract fraction.Their structures were identified as hexatriacontanol(Ⅰ),stearic acid(Ⅱ),lupenone(Ⅲ),lupeol(Ⅳ),4-sitost-4-en-3-one(Ⅴ),stigmast-5-en-7-oxo-3?-yl palmitate(Ⅵ),?-sitosterol(Ⅶ),oleanolic acid(Ⅷ),3?,6?-stigmast-4-en-3,6-diol(Ⅸ),6?-hydroxy-stigmast-4-en-3-one(Ⅹ),3?-hydroxy-stigmast-5-en-7-one(Ⅺ),dehydrovomifoliol(ⅩⅡ),and vomifoliol(ⅩⅢ).Conclusion All the compounds except Ⅱ and Ⅶ are obtained from the plants of Dicliptera Juss.for the first time.

Objective To evaluate the role of diffusion weighted (DW) echo planar MRI in differentiating between brain abscesses and necrotic or cystic tumors. Methods Five patients with brain abscesses, 7 with malignant gliomas, and 1 with brain metastasis were consecutively examined using conventional MRI and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of ROI was measured with two different b values (0 and 1 000 s/mm 2 or 0 and 1 200 s/mm 2). The results were analyzed using two independent samples test. Results On diffusion weighted imaging, brain abscesses showed marked hyperintensity in all 5 patients, whereas necrotic or cystic brain tumors demonstrated hypointensity in all 8 patients. ADC mean values of brain abscesses, which was 0.43?10 -3 cm 2/s, were lower than those of necrotic or cystic portion of brain tumors ( T =15.00, P

Objective To systematically review the effect of telephone intervention on colostomy patients.Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of telephone intervention on colostomy patients were searched in CBM,VIP,CNKI and Wanfang database and analyzed by RevMan5.2 software.Results Nine RCTs were included.Results of systematic evaluation showed that there were statistical difference in the self-care status,obeying doctors' order,satisfaction degree,self management ability,quality of life.Conclusions The effect of telephone intervention on colostomy patients was better than that of the traditional intervention.

Objective To assess the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of duodenal trauma.Methods The clinical data of 58 patients with duodenal trauma who were admitted to the Chongqing Emergency Medical Center from March 1994 to March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 47 patients with blunt injury and 11 with penetrating injury.The surgical procedure was selected by patient's condition and extent of injury combined with the clinical symptoms,imaging examination,abdominal puncture and the Organ Injury Scale grading system of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST-OIS).All patients were followed up through outpatient examination and telephone interview till September 2013.Results Seventeen patients were diagnosed as with duodenal trauma before operation,and 41 patients were diagnosed during the operation.The injury of the first part of the duodenum was observed in 7 patients,second part in 28 patients,third part in 17 patients and fourth part in 6 patients.According to the AAST-OIS,7 patients were with grade Ⅰ injury,17 in grade Ⅱ,20 in grade m,9 in grade Ⅳ and 5 in grade Ⅴ.The 58 patients received operation,including 23 with simple suture,4 with serosa section,hematoma evacuation and repair,7 with pedicled ileal flap to repair duodenal defect,5 with resection of ruptured intestine and end-to-end anastomosis,12 with Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy,2 with gastrojejunostomy,4 with pancreaticoduodenectomy,1 with doudenal,choledochal and pancreatic duct extensive drainage.Forty-eight patients were cured successfully and 10 patients died,including 4 died of complications of the duodenal trauma.The duodenal stenosis,duodenal fistula and abdominal abscess were the main complications.Six patients were lost to follow-up and 42 patients were followed up from 6 to 36 months.There were 3 patients with gastrointestinal tract defect and obstructive symtoms,with a missing of complications at postoperative month 6 to 12.One patient with pancreaticoduodenal fistula were cured by conservative treatment at postoperative month 3 and the other patients were well survived.Conclusions Abdominal puncture and imaging examination such as CT are effective methods for the diagnosis of the duodenal injury.Surgical procedure selection should be based on the type and range of the injury.Effective duodenal decompression and complete peritoneal drainage are important for the success of surgery.

Objective To discuss the application indications of emergency thoracotomy (ET) and the surgical strategy in the treatment of chest trauma .Methods The clinical data of 35 chest trauma patients treated by ET from January 2010 to March 2014 were analyzed retrospectively .Results In 35 cases ,the injury severity score (ISS) was 12-65 ,average 31 .63 .23 cases were pene‐trating injuries and 12 cases were blunt injuries .28 cases (80 .00% ) manifest as shock on admission .Blood loss in all cases was 1 000-5 000 mL ,average 2 400 mL and 20 cases were over 3 000 mL .ET was performed in the emergency room (6 cases) and the operative room (29 cases) .The time of admission to surgery in all cases was<30 min .12 cases (34 .29% ) died ,with average ISS score of 48 .26 .The main causes of death were cardiac tamponade and hemorrhagic shock .23 cases (65 .71% ) survived .The surviv‐al rates of penetrating and blunt injury were 78 .26% (18/23) and 41 .67% (5/12) respectively .The occurrence rate of complications in the survivals was 39 .13% (9/23) .Conclusion Massive bleeding ,ventilation dysfunction and cardiac tamponade caused by severe chest trauma are the important indications of ET ;the patient with chest penetrating injury on high‐risk positions should be actively performed the exploratory thoracotomy ;race against time rapid thoracotomy is the key for successful treatment .