AIM: To investigate the effect of PEDF on retinal neovascularization in mice. METHODS: 40 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice was exposed to 750mL/L oxygen for 5 days and then to normal situation to produce the murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR). One eye of the mouse was regarded as experimental one and the other served as control. Eyes in experimental group received intravitreal injection of PEDF and eyes in control group received intravitreal injection of PBS at postnatal day 12. All mice were executed at postnatal day 17. The changes of retinal vessels of mice were observed by ADPase histochemical technique. The inhibitory effect of PEDF on retinal neovascularization was evaluated by counting the endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels which extended from retina to vitreous in the tissue slice of HE staining. RESULTS: Neovascularization was reduced, retinal blood vessels distributed regularly and non-perfusion areas were not found in eyes of experimental group compared with control group. The number of endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels extending from retina to vitreous was significantly less in the eyes of experimental group (10.18±1.74) than that in control group (38.89±2.98) (P<0.01). Retinal toxicity and inflammatory reactions were not found in tissue slice.CONCLUSION: PEDF inhibits retinal angiogenesis in OIR and the feasibility should be determined for use of PEDF in ocular angiogenesis treatment.

·AIM: To investigate the effect of the dipeptide Arg-Glnon retinal neovascularization of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) in the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) animalmodel.·METHODS.- Forty-eight 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 750mL/L oxygen for 5 days and then to normal situation to produce the murine model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). All mice received twice daily intra- peritoneal injections of PBS or the dipeptide Arg-Gln(1.0, 3.0, 5.0g/kg per day), starting on postnatal day 12 and continuing till postnatal day 17. Experimental groups (36 mice, 12 in each group) received Arg-Gln, while the control group (12 mice) received PBS. All mice were executed at postnatal day 17. The changes of retinal vessels of mice were observed by ADPase histochemical technique and HE staining was used to count preretinal neovascular nuclei. RNA was isolated from retinas of 28 mice (7 in each group) selected at random and VEGF mRNA level of each group was measured by real-time RT-PCR.·RESULTS; Neovascularization reduced in retinas of the dipeptide Arg-Gln treated group in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with control group, experimental group had diminished non-perfusion area and neovascular tufts in retinal flatmount. The number of the endo-theliocyte nuclei of new vessels extending from retina to vitreous was significantly less in the eyes of the experimental group than in control group. Arg-Gln at 5g/kg per day reduced preretinal neovascularization by about 75% (P＜ 0.01). There was a significant reduction in VEGF mRNA at the 17th day in Arg-Gln treated group compared with control group(P＜0.01).·CONCLUSION; Arg-Gln dramatically inhibits retinal angiogenesis in OIR and this effect is associated with a reduction in retinal VEGF mRNA level. It appears to be a safe way to prevent and treat some neovascular retinal diseases including retinopathy of prematurity.

In order to obtain the serotype distribution of E.coli from duck and to screen the vaccine bacterial strains,the serotype identifications and biological characteristics of E.coli were analyzed in recent years from Shandong,Hebei and other areas of commercial duck field;selections of vaccine strains were detected by the virulence and immunogenicity.Totally 44 isolated bacterial strains of E.coli from duck were identified to a total of six serotypes:O78,O93,O76,O2,O92 and O32.The O78 serotype was the dominant serotype,accounting for 56.8％ (25/44);O93 serotype for 15.9％ (7/44) according to bacterial Oantigen typing.The strain SD (O78 serotype) was confirmed to have strong virulence and good immunogenicity.The O78,O93 and O76 are the dominant serotypes of duck E.coli in the study areas.The SD strain could be used as the candidate for the next development of inactivated vaccine.

Objective To explore the correlation between hyperuricaemia and blood pressure, and blood lipid and glucose. Methods By using simple cluster sampling, 2 branch units from PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company were selected, and all the 720 subjects with hyperuricaemia (HUA) were assigned to the HUA group; another 620 participants with normal uric acid (UA) level into the normal group. The correlation between blood uric acid and blood pressure,and blood lipid and glucose was assessed by Logistic regression. Results The odds ratio (OR) of those who had 1,2 or 3 abnormal status of hypertension,hyperlipidemia and impaired fasting glucose in the HUA group were much higher than the normal group (OR values were 4. 036,2. 562, and 4. 174, respectively). Logistic regression showed that male, systolic blood pressure ( SBP), GLU, total cholesterol ( TC), triglyceride ( TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were risk factors of H UA ( OR values were 7. 736,2. 309,1.721,2. 761 and 1. 411,respectively) ,while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, OR = 0. 211 ) was a protective factor of HUA. Conclusions Gender,blood pressure and blood lipid may have correlation with blood UA. Multiple risk factors should be considered to improve the effectiveness of health education and health promotion.

Objective To investigate the effects of morroniside on fibrinogen (Fib), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (TT) in focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Methods The animal model was induced with occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCAO) with suture embolus, and morroniside was then administered intragastrically at the dose of 30, 90 and 270 mg/kg for 7 d. Acetyl salicylic acid was taken as positive control drug. The content of Fib, and PT, APTT and TT were measured withrelated kits. Results Compared with the sham-operated group, the concentration of Fib significantly increased (P<0.001) and PT, APTT and TT significantly shortened in the model group (P<0.001); however, compared with the model group, morroniside significantly decreased Fib content (P<0.01) and prolonged PT, APTT and TT (P<0.05). Conclusion Morroniside can antagonize the coagulation function in focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats.

The purpose of the study is to find the allergic reaction types and characteristics of Chinese medicine injection ( CMI). The authors monitored patients who used Shuxuetong injection, Dengzhan Xixin injection, Shenqi Fuzheng injection, Shenmai injection, Ciwujia injection, Shuxuening injection, Tanreqing injection, Reduning injection, a total of 150,000 cases were monitored. They used a nested case-control design to group the patients and obtained the serum samples from 14 allergic patients and 55 matched patients. They used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect serum C3, C4, IgE, IgG, MCT-P, and judge the allergic reaction types: Shuxuetong injection hypersensitivity (1 case), can not determine (1 case); Dengzhan Xixin injection hypersensitivity (1 case), hypersensitivity & anaphylactoid reaction (1 case), can not determine (1 case); Shenqi Fuzheng injection hypersensitivity (3 cases), can not determine (1 case); Shenmai injection anaphylactoid reaction (1 case); Ciwujia injection can not determine (1 case), Shuxuening injection can not determine (1 case), Tanreqing injection can not determine (1 case), Reduning injection can not determine (1 case). The results showed that the main type of allergic reaction of CMI was hypersensitivity, the type of allergic reaction was closely related to the varieties of CMI, the hypersensitivity and anaphylactoid reaction might occur in one patient at the same time which used Dengzhan Xixin injection.
Drug Hypersensitivity ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Immune System ; drug effects ; Injections

In this study, the general bacterial probe and specific cellulolytic bacterial probes were used to quantify the bacteria in rumen. The total RNA were extracted and then hybridized with general bacterial probe after a dilution of concentration. The result showed that there was a high correlation between the hybridization signal and the dilution of total bacterial RNA. Based on the result above, the quantities of three cellulolytic bacteria in rumen sample were detected. The comparative RNA percentage of three cellulolytic bacteria to total bacterial RNA were similar to the previous reports. It can be concluded that the quantification of bacteria in rumen could be conducted by this approach, and which could be used in future research.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Danggui Yinzi (DY) on delayed allergy in model mice with qi-blood deficiency syndrome (QBDS).

METHODSQBDS model was established in 48 Kuming mice of SPF grade by using reserpine and acetophenone hydrazine. Forty of them were then randomly divided into the model group, the loratadine group, the high dose DY group, the middle dose DY group, and the low dose DY group, 8 in each group. Another 8 in line with the same standard were recruited as a blank group. Mice in high, middle, and low dose DY groups were administered with DY concentrated solution at 60, 30, 15 g/kg by gastrogavage. Mice in the loratadine group were administered with loratadine solution at 1.66 mg/kg by gastrogavage. Equal volume of normal saline was administered to mice in the model group and the blank group by gastrogavage. All medication was given once per day for 1 successive week. Except those in the blank group, the rest mice were evenly smeared with 1% DNCB solution on the abdomen. Five days after skin allergy, 1% DNCB solution was smeared to right ear of all mice to stimulate allergic reaction. Mice in the blank group were smeared in the same way without allergenic reaction. The auricle swelling and the inhibition ratio were determined at 24 h after attack. Blood was collected from orbit and serum IgE level detected using double-antibody sandwich ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with the blank group, auricle swelling obviously increased and serum IgE level was obviously elevated in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, auricle swelling obviously decreased and serum IgE level was obviously reduced in the 3 dose DY groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the auricle swelling degree was superior in high and middle dose DY groups to that in the loratadine group (P < 0.05). The inhibition ratio of auricle swelling was sequenced from high to low as 67.3% in the high dose DY group, 56.0% in the middle dose DY group, 48.1% in the low dose DY group, 47.3% in the loratadine group.

CONCLUSIONSDY could inhibit auricle swelling and lower serum IgE level. It also could inhibit delayed allergic reaction in model mice with QBDS to some extent.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Edema ; drug therapy ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; drug therapy ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Loratadine ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Qi ; Random Allocation

Objective To investigate the bid gene expression and cell death in brain after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats and the effects of dexamethasone(DEX)on bid gene expression,so as to elucidate the possible mechanism of the neuroprotective effect of DEX pretreatment on rats following cerebral hypoxia-ischemia.Methods Twenty-four SD neonatal rats were divided randomly into hypoxia-ischemia brain damage(HIBD),normal,dexamethasone-pretreated and 9 g/L NaCl(NS)control group.The animal models of HIBD were made.Total RNA from ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere was extracted.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to evaluate the level of bid gene expression after hypoxia-ischemia.Cerebral apoptosis was determined by terminal-deoxynucleotidy transferase mediated d-UTP nick end labeling(TUNEL).Results The levels of bid mRNA were higher in HIBD rats than those in normal rats.The number of positive apoptosis cells significantly increased in HIBD group(P

Objective To explore the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1(cIAP1)gene expression and Caspase-3 activity in brain after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats and the influence of dexamethasone(DEX)on cIAP1 gene expression and Caspase-3 activity,so as to elucidate the possible mechanism of the neuro-protective effect of DEX pretreatment on rats following cerebral hypoxia-ischemia.Methods Twenty-four SD neonatal rats were divided randomly into hypoxic-ischemic brain damage group(HIBD group),normal group(NS group),dexamethasone-pretreated group(DEX group)and 9 g/L NaCl control group(NS group).The animal models of HIBD were made.Total RNA from ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere was extracted.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to evaluate the level of cIAP1 gene expression after hypoxia-ischemia.Caspase-3 relative activity of brain tissue was determined by colorimetric assay.Results The levels of cIAP1 mRNA were lower in HIBD group than those in NS group.Caspase-3 relative activity significantly increased in HIBD group(P