Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Glomerular Mesangium ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase ; NF-kappa B ; analysis ; Peptide Fragments ; pharmacology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; analysis

Objective To study effects of cerebral ischemic preconditioning on the changes of Fas,FasL,Caspase-3 proteins in infarction tissue after cerebral ischemia reperfusion of rats and to explore its mechanism.Methods The rats were randomly divided into three groups as follows:model Ⅰ group,model Ⅱ group and the sham operated group.Each group had thirty rats.The rats in model Ⅰ were prepared by Zea-Longa'middle cerebral artery occlusion.The right internal carotid artery of rats in model Ⅱ group was blocked transiently 10 minutes at one time.After 3 days,the middle cerebral artery occlusion of rat in model Ⅱ group was used to establish focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury model according to the model Ⅰ group.The sham operated group only isolated carotid artery.The neural behavior of rats was evaluated and the volume of cerebral infarction was detected after operation at 6,12,24,48,72 h(each group had six rats).The expressions of Fas,FasL and Caspase-3 protein of rats at different time points after operation were observed by immunohistochemical method.The apoptosis rate of nerve cells were detected by TdT -mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)method.Results At the time of 24 h after operated,the neural function defect point in model Ⅰ group,model Ⅱ group and sham operated group of rats were (2.8 ± 0.8),(1.8 ± 0.8),0 point.The expression of Fas protein positive cells in rats' brain tissue were (35.67 ± 2.16) ％,(22.83 ± 1.71) ％,(14.17 ± 2.32) ％ in that three groups.The expression of FasL protein positive cells in rats' brain tissue were(36.50 ±1.38)％,(22.67 ±2.50)％,(13.33 ±1.21)％ in that three groups.The expression of Caspase-3 protein positive cells in rats' brain tissue were(37.33 ± 1.03)％,(23.17 ± 1.47)％,(11.33 ± 1.37)％.The apoptotic rate in brain tissue of rats were(40.58 ± 1.72)％,(23.25 ± 1.13)％,(11.75 ± 1.37)％ in that three groups.Compared with model Ⅰ group,the neural function defect point of rats or the expression rat of Fas,FasL,Caspase-3 protein and the number of apoptotic nerve cells in model Ⅱ group at the same time all decreased;but the two groups were significantly higher than the sham operated group,(all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Cerebral ischemic preconditioning can reduce the expression of Fas,FasL and Caspase-3 proteins.Negative regulation of Fas and FasL pathway after ischemic preconditioning may be an important endogenous mechanism of the resistance to damage.

Objective To investigate the association of the levels of serum oxidized low density lipoprotein ( ox-LDL), C-reactive protein (CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase -9(MMP-9) with carotid artery plaque in atherosclerotic cerebral infarction patients.Methods One hundred -ten patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction ( ACI ) selected as the observation group , and 100 healthy subjects as control group were selected to detect the level of serum ox -LDL, CRP and MMP-9 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the ACI patients were measured by carotid artery ultrasound.Results The levels of serum ox-LDL, CRP, and MMP-9 in observation group were higher than those in control group [ ( 261.54 ±24.51 ) vs ( 146.51 ±19.59 )μg· mL-1;(4.54 ±1.21) vs (0.87 ±0.15) μg· mL-1;(139.76 ±41.22) vs (65.76 ±23.48 ) ng· mL-1 , and there was significantly different ( all P<0.01 ).The levels of serum ox -LDL, CRP, and MMP-9 in ACI patients with plaque were higher than those in ACI patients without plaque [(205.27 ±20.11) vs (162.50 ±19.71)μg· mL-1;(4.32 ±1.03) vs (1.21 ±0.10 ) μg· mL-1;(90.71 ±24.03 ) vs (71.71 ±23.21 ) ng· mL -1 , and there was significantly different ( P<0.01 ).Serum ox-LDL, CRP and MMP-9 levels were the independent risk factors for the formation of carotid plaques of ACI patients , and had significantly positive correlation.Conclusion The high level of serum ox -LDL, CRP, and MMP-9 are the independent risk factors for carotid plaques of ACI , which could be used as important reference indexes for diagnosis of the formation of carotid artery plaque on ACI patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective action of Epimedium against chemotherapy-induced damage to rat epididymides.

METHODSFifty 60-day-old male rats were divided into a control, a model and a treatment group. Procarbazine was injected into the abdominal cavity of the model rats at the dose of 30 mg/(kg x d). In addition to procarbazine, Epimedium was given intragastrically to the treatment group. The changes in the ultrastructure of the epididymis were observed after 10 and 20 days.

RESULTSElectron microscopy showed that the chemotherapy-induced damages to the epididymal epithelia mainly included cell swelling, local cavitation of mitochondria, tumor-like change in nucleoli, agglutination of marginal translocation of heterochromatin and cell apoptosis. The damage to the epithelial ultrastructure was slight in the treatment group as compared with the model rats. Chemotherapy significantly affected sperm concentration, sperm viability and sialic acid (SA), which were (15.59 +/- 4.01) x 10(6)/ml, (76.71 +/- 10.11)% and (19.38 +/- 9.34) g/mg prot in the model group in comparison with (10.63 +/- 3.82) x 10(6)/ml (P < 0.01), (60.03 +/- 7.54)% (P < 0.01) and (13.62 +/- 7.81) g/g prot (P < 0.05) in the control. Epimedium significantly increased sperm viability in the treatment group (60.03 +/- 7.54)% as compared with the model rats (69.90 +/- 12.58)% (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEpimedium can lessen chemotherapy-induced damage to the epididymis and protect the reproductive function of rats.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; toxicity ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Epididymis ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; ultrastructure ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Infertility, Male ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the association of the levels of serum oxidized low density lipoprotein ( ox -LDL ) , C -reactive protein ( CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase -9 ( MMP -9 ) of atherosclerotic cerebral in infarction patients with the carotid intima -media thickness ( IMT) and the stability of plaque.Methods A total of 110 patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI, group A),90 patients with lacunar infarction ( LACI, group B ) and 100 healthy volunteers ( group C) were selected.The levels of serum ox -LDL,CRP and MMP-9 by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were detected and the IMT and the plaque formation were measured.Results The serum ox-LDL, CRP,MMP-9,IMT and the detection rate of group A and B were signifi-cantly higher than those of group C ( P<0.05 );serum ox-LDL, CRP, MMP-9 , smoking were the independent risk factors of the formation of carotid plaque in cerebral infarction patients ( P<0.05 ).The levels of serum ox -LDL, CRP, MMP -9 in the cerebral infarction patients without plaque group , with stable plaque group and unstable plaque group increased in turn ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion The increased levels of serum ox -LDL, CRP, MMP -9 in cerebral infarction patients are closely related with the bodiness of carotid artery IMT , the formation of the plaque and the stability.

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution of FASL-844 polymorphism in southern Chinese males of Han nationality and examine the contribution of the polymorphism to susceptibility of idiopathic azoospermia and oligozoospermia.

METHODSFASL-844 polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) in 184 infertile patients with idiopathic azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia 236 normal fertile male controls.

RESULTSFrequencies of FASL-844 CT and TT genotypes of the patients were significantly different from those of the controls (P = 0.024; P = 0.008). Males with FASL-844 TT genotype had an increased risk of idiopathic azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia compared with those with CC genotype (OR 2.76, 95% CI: 1.20-6.35), and even a higher risk when compared with those with CC and CT genotypes (OR 2.90, 95% CI: 1.28-6.58).

CONCLUSIONFASL-844 polymorphism appears to be a genetic predisposing factor of idiopathic azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia among southern Chinese Han males.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; genetics ; Fas Ligand Protein ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oligospermia ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

AIMTo assess the possible role of genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair gene XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1) during spermatogenesis by investigating the associations of one promoter polymorphism (T-77C) and two exonic polymorphisms (Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln) in XRCC1 gene with risk of idiopathic azoospermia in a Chinese population.

METHODSThe genotype and allele frequencies of three observed polymorphisms were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism based on a Chinese population consisting of 171 idiopathic azoospermia subjects and 247 normal-spermatogenesis controls.

RESULTSIn our study, all the observed genotype frequencies were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The 399A (GA+AA) allele frequency for idiopathic azoospermia subjects and controls was 0.216 and 0.269, respectively. Compared with GG genotype, the AA genotype of Arg399Gln showed a significant association with a decreased risk of idiopathic azoospermia (odds ratio = 0.315; 95% confidence interval = 0.12-0.86). However, no significant differences were found between the cases and controls for T-77C and Arg194Trp polymorphisms. The major haplotypes of XRCC1 gene were TCG, TTG and TCA, whereas no haplotypes appeared to be significantly associated with idiopathic azoospermia based on the cutoff of P < 0.05.

CONCLUSIONIn a selected Chinese population, AA genotype of Arg399Gln appears to contribute to a decreased risk of idiopathic azoospermia, while we have not any evidence of involvement of XRCC1 T-77C and Arg194Trp polymorphisms in idiopathic azoospermia.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; Azoospermia ; ethnology ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Spermatogenesis ; genetics ; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1

Objective Establish a kind of confirmation method based on ELISA,and use to verify authenticity of HBsAb + in HBsAg + HBsAb + serum,pick and get rid of the false masculine gender the result,and avoid the mistake diagnosis.Method Collect 60 pieces of serum whose thick degree of H BsAg at 1000 COI above tested by ECLIA as confirm serum,mixed the confirm serum of different dilution with HBsAb positive serum to screen and verify best thick degree of HBsAg.Collected 40 pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb +serum,ELISA tested the descend rate of HBsAb COI after neutralized with confirm serum in order to confirm authenticity of HBsAb + in pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum.Result When thick degree of HBsAg is 2000 COI,the performance of neutralization to HBsAb is best.The ELISA confirmatory test is fully consistent with the ECLIA method with true positive of 37 pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum while falsepositive of 3 pieces of serum.Conclusion The ELISA confirm method is a simple,accurate and low cost initial validation method.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen ( HpSA ) test for the detection of H.pylori infection.Methods 328 patients were measured upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination which as gold standards and HpSA test in the meantime,comparing accuracy,sensitivity,specificity and other Indicators.Results In the diagnosis of Hp infection,HpSA test had no significant difference comparing with gold standards and had a P value of over 0.5.The sensitivity of HpSA test was 94.6 ％,while the specificity,veracity,expected positive value,and expected negative value were 96.9 ％,96.3 ％,89.7％ and 98.4％,respectively.Conclusion The H.pylori stool antigen test is a simple,non-invasive method for accurate diagnosis of H.pylori infection.

Objective Establish a confirmatory test based on ELISA,and use to verify the authenticity of HBsAg weak positive samples,pick and get rid of the false result,and avoid the mistake diagnosis.Method The particles (reagent A) coated by streptavidin and biotinylated HBsAb (reagent B)were mixed in different proportions,then neutralized with serum whose the COI of HBsAg ＞ 20 by ELISA in order to identify the activity of HBsAb in confirmatory reagent.30 pieces of HBsAg weak positive serum neutralized with the confirmatory reagent,the serum were considered to be positive if rate of decline of HBsAg COI ＞ 50％.The results were compared to Roche confirmatory Kit.Result Confirmatory reagent was able to neutralized with HBsAg.24 of 30 pieces of HBsAg weak positive samples were judged to be positive,while 6 pocces were negative.The ELISA comfirm method is fully consistent with Roche confirmatory Kit.Conclusion The ELISA confirmatory test for suspicious HBsAg positive samples is a simple,accurate and low cost initial validation method,After further clinical trials,should be widely applied.