Objective To explore the effect of self-made 10％ sodium chloride solution pad ice packs on the patients with local soft tissue injury in early time.Methods Totals of 62 cases with lower limb soft tissue injury were selected and randomly divided into experimental group ( n =32 ) that received the cold compress treatment by homemade 10％ sodium chloride solution pad ice packs,and control group( n =30) that received the cold compress treatment by water pad ice packs.Then,0,0.5,1.5,2 h later,the internal temperature,the temperature between the body surface and ice bag,hardness,the surface of contact surface size,and patients' satisfaction of two groups were observed.Results In the experimental group,the initial temperature of 10％sodium chloride solution pad ice packs was ( - 18.38 ±0.81 ) ℃,temperature between ice bag and body surface was 18℃ during cold compress,half an hour later,the temperature of inside ice bag was ( -9.73 ± 0.54)℃.After one hour in the room,the second cold compress,internal temperature was ( - 2.55 ± 1.66) ℃ and the temperature between ice bag and the surface was about 22 ℃,the end of ice internal temperature was (8.5 ±1.81 )℃.Hardness of first and secondary cold compress was small,the area size of skin contact with ice was about 72％.In the control goup,for the water cotton pad ice bags were so hardness that early thermometers were not inserted and temperature can not accurate measured.And the area of skin contact with ice was 29％.Significant differences were found in the contact area between two groups in different time (t =49.32,49.32,49.32,39.64,respectively; P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the pain degree of patients between two groups,while after 48 h cold compress,pain rating index and the swelling score of experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group(x2 =0.017,P ＜0.05).Patients' satisfaction of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group ( x2 =4.4,P ＜ 0.05 ).Condusions Appling the selfmade 10％ sodium chloride solution pad ice packs,for the temperature between ice bag and the surface was higher than the skin freezing temperature( -5 ℃ ) and below the basal body temperature,which can reach the objective with no cause frostbite,it has large contact area,easy fixing and shaping,and good for patients with local soft tissue injury in early stage.

Adult ; Blast Injuries ; therapy ; Explosions ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Trauma ; therapy

Objective To explore the relationship between intracellular calcium levels ([Ca2+]1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Methods The levels of [Ca2+]1 and ROS were measured in different exposed times(0,3,6,12,18,24 h) respectively after SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 40 mg/L NaF in vitro, and the optimal expose time was selected. Furthermore, the changes of [Ca2+]1, ROS and LDH levels in 40 mg/L NaF-treated groups incubated with 38.23 mg/L BAPTA-AM or 380.40 mg/L ethylene glycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) or 16.32 mg/L N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC) also observed at the optimal expose time(12 h), respectively. Results At 3,6,12,18 and 24 h, [Ca2+]1 level(5620.0±226.3,4775.5±85.6,3312.3±87.5, 3047.0±75.0,2717.0±66.5) was significantly increased, and so was the ROS level(4449.53±324.61,7463.07±117.43,20 227.33±178.04,8817.56±200.13, 7975.61±92.90) except at 3 h, compared with 0 h(2115.0±24.0,4098.01±21.22, all P<0.05). The levels of [Ca2+]1 and ROS reached the peak at 3 h and 12 h, respectively. [Ca2+]1 and LDH levels in NaF-treated group [3279.5±94.0, (1057.50±64.35)U/L], NaF+NAC treated group[ 3583.0±350.7, (561.02±85.50)U/L], NaF+EGTA treated groups[3701.5±157.7, (1074.50±86.97)U/L], and BAPTA-AM treated group[2766.5±38.9, (521.43±40.80)U/L] had increased, compared with the control[2022.5±118.1, (186.97±8.73)U/L], the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). ROS levels in NaF-treated group (19 003.04±332.34), and NaF+EGTA treated group(19 170.12±95.46) was higher than that in the controls(4060.98±145.66), the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). NaF and NAC had antagonistic effect on ROS and LDH levels (F=976.11,43.54,P<0.05). And NaF and BAPTA-AM had antagonistic effect on [Ca2+]1, ROS and LDH levels (F=15.65,1515.53,115.00, P<0.05). Conclusions NaF-related calcium is released from the site of intracellular calcium storage, which induces ROS production, both of them caused cytotoxicity and the increase of LDH level in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

Objective To develop a double antibody sandwich ELISA assay for quantitative determination of recombinant human interferon α1b.Methods Mouse monoclonal antibodies with different binding site on rIFN-α1b were screened to select optimized candidates as coating and HRP-labeled index antibodies respectively.And a double antibodies sandwich ELISA was assembled; the reliable lower detection limit,specificity,accuracy and reproducibility were evaluated and validated.Results The quantitative sandwich ELISA had a reliable lower detection limit of 10 ng/ml,with a liner detection range 10-100 ng/ml (R2 =0.992),variation coefficient inter-plates is less than 10％.Conclusion The developed sandwich ELISA was a sensitive and specific,accuracy and reproducibility method for quantitative determination of recombinant human interferon αt1b in final product.

Aim To investigate the expression of Foxos in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)with insulin resistance(IR)induced by high glucose and high fat(HG/HF)stress and its significance.Methods First, the IR model of endothelial cells was established by HG /HF stress.The differential expression of Foxos gene in normal(Ctrl )group and HG /HF group was observed, and the subtypes with the most significant changes in Foxos were screened out, such as Foxo6.Next, Foxo6 was silenced to observe its role in endothelial cell with IR.Finally, whether the mechanism of Foxo6-mediated IR was related to the interaction of NF-κB signaling was investigated.Results The expression increase of Foxo6 was the most significant among Foxos under the IR condition induced by HG/HF.Using a small RNA interference and plasmid transfection technique, we found that the silence effect of the siRNA3 fragments targeting Foxo6 was the most significant among the siRNAs.Moreover, the further study showed that silencing the Foxo6 gene could significantly reverse the endothelial IR induced by HG/HF, and the mechanism of the reversal effect was related to the interaction between the Foxo6 and NF-κB signal.Conclusions Foxo6 mediates the endothelial cell IR induced by the HG /HF stress.The underlying mechanism is that Foxo6 can interact with NF-κBp65 and activate NF-κB signaling pathway.Silencing Foxo6 can improve the IR of vascular endothelial cells induced by HG /HF stress.

Notoginsenosides， the saponins extracted from Panax notoginseng， have many pharmacological effects， such as anti-inflammation， anti-oxidation， anti-tumor， nervous system and cardiovascular system protection， microcirculation improvement and calcium overload inhibition. At present， notoginsenosides are widely used clinically for treating many diseases with good efficacy， especially for nervous system diseases such as stroke， stroke sequelae and Alzheimer's disease. In recent years， the mechanism underlying their neuroprotective effect has been continuously explored. To advance the applied research on notoginsenosides in the prevention and treatment of central nervous system diseases， this paper， combined with the latest reports， summarizes their neuroprotective effect and mechanisms in terms of regulating voltage-gated ion channels， protecting nerve cells and neurovascular unit， inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction， promoting angiogenesis and reducing excitatory neurotoxicity. Although the protective mechanism of notoginsenosides for the nervous system mainly involves the above several aspects， some of them still remain to be fully elucidated， which necessitates the further exploration of neuroprotective effect of notoginsenosides with molecular biology， metabolomics， proteomics and other technologies.

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is raging in China and more than 20 other countries and regions since the middle of December 2019. Currently, there is no specific drug or vaccine besides symptomatic supportive therapy. Taking full advantage of the clinical experience of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in preventing and controlling major epidemics such as SARS, it is an important mission for TCM to propose effective formula with immediate response and solid evidence by using modern biomedical knowledge and techniques(molecular docking assisted TCM formulation for short). In view of the high homology between the gene sequences of the novel coronavirus and SARS virus, and the similarities between the two in terms of pathogenic mechanism and clinical manifestations, our team established a rapid screening and optimization model for the prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus based on clinical experience and molecular docking technology. Firstly, the clinical team and the research team pre-developed and screened TCM formula by using "back-to-back" manner. Then, the formula was optimized and determined by comparing and analyzing the results of the two groups. The results showed that the research team screened out 46 active ingredients from candidate TCMs that could act on the novel coronavirus S-protein-binding site of human ACE2 protein, which were mainly attributed to 7 herbs such as Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Mori Folium. The result was largely consistent with the formula raised by the clinical group, verifying and supporting its rationality. This provides evidence for the scientific and potential efficacy of the TCM prescription from the perspective of treatment target analysis, and also suggests that the TCM prescription has the potential to directly inhibit viral infection in addition to improving clinical symptoms or syndromes. Based on this, our team optimized and formed a new anti-coronavirus TCM prescription "Keguan Yihao", immediately providing the TCM prescription with certain clinical experience and objective evidence support for the prevention and treatment of new emergent infectious diseases in our hospital. The TCM prescription was combined with modern medicine symptomatic supportive treatment for clinical treatment, preliminary results showed better effect than symptomatic supportive therapy alone. This research has innovated the method mode in clinical practice and basic research integration of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and control of new emerging infectious diseases. It is of great significance to further improve the rapid response mechanism of TCM in face of major epidemics, and further improve the capability level of TCM to prevent and treat new emerging infectious diseases.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology* ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; China ; Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Pandemics ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/chemistry* ; Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry* ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment

OBJECTIVES: To develop a new Chinese medicine (CM)-based drug and to evaluate its safety and effect for suppressing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A putative ARDS-suppressing drug Keguan-1 was first developed and then evaluated by a randomized, controlled two-arm trial. The two arms of the trial consist of a control therapy (alpha interferon inhalation, 50 µg twice daily; and lopinavir/ritonavir, 400 and 100 mg twice daily, respectively) and a testing therapy (control therapy plus Keguan-1 19.4 g twice daily) by random number table at 1:1 ratio with 24 cases each group. After 2-week treatment, adverse events, time to fever resolution, ARDS development, and lung injury on newly diagnosed COVID-19 patients were assessed. RESULTS: An analysis of the data from the first 30 participants showed that the control arm and the testing arm did not exhibit any significant differences in terms of adverse events. Based on this result, the study was expanded to include a total of 48 participants (24 cases each arm). The results show that compared with the control arm, the testing arm exhibited a significant improvement in time to fever resolution (P=0.035), and a significant reduction in the development of ARDS (P=0.048). CONCLUSIONS Keguan-1-based integrative therapy was safe and superior to the standard therapy in suppressing the development of ARDS in COVID-19 patients. (Trial registration No. NCT04251871 at www.clinicaltrials.gov ).
Administration, Inhalation ; Adult ; China ; Coronavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; Lopinavir ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Risk Assessment ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Severity of Illness Index ; Survival Rate