Objective To investigate the application value of double-tube gastrostomy in the duodenal rupture repair.Methods The retrospective cohort study was adopted.The clinical data of 41 patients who underwent duodenal rupture repair at the Chongqing Emergency Medical Center from January 2005 to January 2015 were collected.Twenty-five patients using Hassan triple-tube gastrostomy technique between January 2005 and December 2009 were divided into the triple-tube (TT) group and 16 patients using double-tube gastrostomy technique between January 2010 and January 2015 were divided into the double-tube (DT) group.Duodenal rupture repair included suture repair,pedicled ileal flap to repair duodenal defect and end to end anastomosis.Patients underwent the regular treatments of anti-infection,antishock,somatostatin inhibition,nutritional support and complications prevention.Patients were injected with 500 mL/d nutrient solution using enteral nutritional tube from 48 hours after operation,and then dosage was gradually increased to total enteral nutrition and digestive juices collected from drainage fluid were transfused to enteral nutritional tube.The postoperative complications (duodenal fistula,intraperitoneal infection,incision infection,pulmonary infection and intestinal obstruction),operation method,operation time,volume of blood loss,euteral nutritional tube removal time and duration of hospital stay were observed.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s and comparison between groups was analyzed using an independent sample t test.Comparison of count data was analyzed using chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.Results All the 41 patients underwent duodenal rupture repair,including 28 using suture repair of duodenal rupture,8 using pedicled ileal flap to repair duodenal defect and 5 using end to end anastomosis,with the intraoperative duodenal decompression and placement of intestinal feeding tube.The operation time was (184 ± 38)minutes in the TT group and (153 ± 37)minutes in the DT group,with a significant difference between the 2 groups (t =2.566,P ＜0.05).The volume of intraoperative blood loss was (1 112 ± 707)mL in the TT group and (1 011 ± 595)mL in the DT group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =0.476,P ＞ 0.05).The proportions of duodenal fistula,intraperitoneal infection,incision infection and pulmonary infection in the TT and DT groups were 3/25 and 1/16,8/25 and 5/16,9/25 and 4/16,10/25 and 6/16,respectively,showing no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=0.003,0.545,0.026,P ＞ 0.05).Eleven patients were complicated with postoperative early intestinal obstruction,including 10 (3 with partial duodenal stenosis and 7 with incomplete small intestinal obstruction) in the TT group and 1 (partial duodenal stenosis) in the DT group,showing a significant difference in the incidence of postoperative early intestinal obstruction between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Patients with early intestinal obstruction had remission after conservative treatment of gastrointestinal decompression and fasting.The time of intestinal feeding tube indwelling and duration of hospital stay were (25 ±9)days and (29 ± 9)days in the TT group,(19 ± 9)days and (23 ± 8) days in the DT group,with significant differences between the 2 groups (t =2.188,2.120,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Double-tube gastrostomy technique for duodenal rupture repair can simplify the operation procedures and reduce operation time,recovery time and risk of postoperative intestinal obstruction,with a reliable efficacy.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Electromyography ; Gait ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Walking

In this study, we investigated the effect of Cigu Xiaozhi formula on HSC-T6 activity in hypoxic microenvironment based on network pharmacology and computer-aided drug design, and predicted and verified its possible targets and related signaling pathways. The potential active components and targets of Cigu Xiaozhi formula were screened by searching Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Encyclopaedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ETCM) and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (BATMAN-TCM) databases, and the liver fibrosis related targets retrieved from Gene Cards and Pharm GK database were integrated to obtain the potential targets of Cigu Xiaozhi formula in the treatment of liver fibrosis. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed on Omic Share platform, and Cytoscape software was used to construct the "potential active ingredient-key target-pathway" network. The active components and target proteins were subjected to molecular docking analysis by Auto Dock software. According to the results of molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculation, the top 5 active components with degree were scored. The active components stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were subjected to molecular docking. CoCl₂ was used to induce HSC-T6 cells to construct hypoxia model in vitro. The cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay, and the optimal time and concentration of hypoxia model of HSC-T6 cells was determined to be 100 µmol·L^-1 CoCl₂ for 24 h. Under hypoxia condition, HSC-T6 cells were activated, the wound healing rate was significantly increased, and the fluorescence signal of activation marker protein α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was significantly enhanced. However, 6% drug-containing serum could inhibit the activation of HSC-T6 cells, and the wound healing rate was significantly decreased, and the fluorescence signal of α-SMA was significantly weakened. Further studies showed that the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), α-SMA and key proteins of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway in HSC-T6 cells were up-regulated under hypoxia, while the expressions of HIF-1α, α-SMA, Patched-1 (Ptch-1) and glioma related oncogene homology-1 (Gli-1) were down-regulated in 6% drug-containing serum group, the YC-1 group and the cyclopamine group. These results indicated that HIF-1α and Hh signaling pathways were involved in the activation of HSC-T6 cells, and the traditional Chinese medicine Cigu Xiaozhi formula could inhibit the activation of HSC-T6 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of HIF-1α expression and the blocking of Hh signaling pathway. In conclusion, Cigu Xiaozhi formula can inhibit the activation of HSC-T6 cells by directly acting on HIF-1α and Hh signaling pathway, and exert an anti-hepatic fibrosis effect. The animal experimental protocol has been reviewed and approved by Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, in compliance with the Institutional Animal Care Guidelines.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the levels of index related to inflammation such as soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), neutrophil collagenase-8 (MMP-8), and pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) , lipid peroxidation and autoimmune indexes such as oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and its antibody (ox-LDL Ab) in patients with coronary heart disease, and to investigate its relationship with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS: Contents of sCD40L, MMP-8, PAPP-A, ox-LDL and ox-LDL Ab in the peripheral blood were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from 109 patients with coronary heart disease including 36 acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 38 unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 35 stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 36 controls without coronary heart disease. RESULTS: The levels of each index in the peripheral blood of ACS patients (including AMI and UAP) were higher than those of SAP patients and controls (P < 0.05), and the difference of each index between UAP group and AMI group in ACS patients had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). The levels of each index of SAP patients, except PAPP-A, were all higher than those of controls (P <0.05). All the indexes were helpful in diagnosis of ACS. The area under the ROC curve of each index is between 0.7 and 0.9. CONCLUSION The increase of sCD40L, MMP-8, PAPP-A, ox-LDL and ox-LDL Ab levels in peripheral blood may be related to the pathogenesis of ACS, and can be used as potential markers of unstable atherosclerosis plaque.
Aged ; Angina, Unstable ; blood ; immunology ; Autoantibodies ; blood ; Biomarkers ; blood ; CD40 Ligand ; blood ; Coronary Artery Disease ; blood ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; blood ; immunology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; blood ; immunology ; Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A ; metabolism

Objective To assess the perioperative change in Quality of Life(QoL)in patients who underwent CABG surgery. Methods The Chinese version of the SF-36 and SAQ were sent to participants at baseline and three and six months after CABG sur- gery.Results Angina stability score,one of the five SAQ domains,was lowest and postoperative SAQ domains scores were with sig- nificant improvement from baseline.Many of the dimensions of the SF-36 in postoperative patients were better than baseline.The SF- 36 was also used to evaluate in groups ONCAB and OPCAB,but no difference of the SF-36 subscale scores between the two groups was observed.Conclusion SAQ domains scores were significantly improved in three months and increased further in six months.Many of the dimensions of the SF-36 in postoperative patients were improved than baseline.No difference of the SF-36 subscale scores between the groups of ONCAB and OPCAB was observed postoperatively.

To explore the new approach to prevent graft versus host disease (GVHD) by purging ex vivo T lymphocytes of bone marrow graft through Fas-FasL way, FasL-cDNA was transfected into BALB/c mouse bon e marrow cells by liposome ex vivo. The transfected cells were cultured together with BAC (BALB/c x C57BL/6) mouse bone marrow graft. The mixing bone marrow graft was infused into BALB/c mouse recipients after 60Co-gamma irradiation. The mortality, manifestation and pathologic change of GVHD in recipient mice were observed. The CFU-S and Y chromosome from donor mice were detected. The results showed that compared with control group, the mortality in 60 days of the recipients in the experimental group decreased (20% vs 70%, P < 0.01) and the morbidity of GVHD lowered (40% vs 100%, P < 0.01). The CFU-S counts for all groups were at normal level on 20 days after transplantation. The Y chromosome from donor mice was discovered in 70% bone marrow nucleated cells of recipient mice survived over 2 months in the experimental group. It is concluded that mFasL-cDNA transfected mouse bone marrow cells prevent GVHD after culturing together with bone marrow graft, and accelerate hematopoietic reconstitution in recipient mice.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Purging ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Fas Ligand Protein ; Female ; Genetic Therapy ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of oxymatrine on chronic heart failure induced by isoproterenol (ISO) and to observe its effects on ADMA metabolism pathway in ISO-induced chronic heart failure in rats.

METHODMale Sprague-Dawley rats were given oxymatrine (100,50 mg kg-1) orally for 14 days. Heart failure was induced in rats by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (5 mg kg-1 d-1 ) at the 8th day for 1 week. Serum parameters, haemodynamic parameters, Heart weight, and histopathological variables were analysed. Expression of protein levels were measured by Western blot.

RESULTOxymatrine (100,50 mg kg-1) significantly attenuated serum content of cTn I, improved left ventricle systolic and diastolic function and left ventricular remodeling, reduced the ISO-induced myocardial pathological changes compared with ISO group. In addition, oxymatrine (100,50 mg kg-1) significantly reduced serum level of ADMA (P <0. 01), normalize the reduced dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 2 (DDAH2) expression (P <0. 01) , but had no effect on the isoproterenol-induced upregulated protein arginine methyltransferases 1 expression.

CONCLUSIONOxymatrine could ameliorate the experimental ventricular remodeling in ISO-induced chronic heart failure in rats and the mechanism involved in reducing serum content of ADMA and increased DDAH2 expression.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Amidohydrolases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Arginine ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; metabolism ; Chronic Disease ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Isoproterenol ; adverse effects ; Male ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Troponin I ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the attitudes of urban and rural community members toward total banning on smoking in public places and to explore the factors associated with these attitudes, in three counties/cities in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in three counties/cities in 2004, including Xin' an county of Henan province, Anyi county of Jiangxi province, and Mianzhu city of Sichuan province. A total of 5642 residents at age of 18-69 years old were interviewed face-to-face with a uniform questionnaire by locally-trained interviewers, through a random three-stage stratified sampling in each county. Factors were assumed to be associated with attitudes, using chi-square test in univariate analysis and non-conditional logistic regression model in multivariate analysis. Results The prevalence of current smoking among respondents was 44.3%. 80.7% (1379/1709) of the current smokers reported smoking often or sometimes in public places. Only 9.6% (479/4983) of the respondents reported that their indoor workplaces had totally banned on smoking. 43.5% of the respondents supported a total smoking ban strategy in pubic venues. The results of multivariate logistic regression model showed that eight factors were significantly associated with support for the total smoking ban in public places included region, residency, age, gender, education, smoking status, awareness about passive smoking hazards, and hearing of any message on tobacco control through media differences of rates regarding the factors as: residents in urban to rural areas (OR=1.29), elderly to youngsters (30-49 vs. 18-29, OR=1.46; 50-69 vs. 18-29, OR=1.71), female to male(OR=1.27), high-educated to less-educated ones, quitters to current smokers (OR=1.90), nonsmokers to current smokers (OR=2.01). Those who know messages on health hazards of passive smoking (OR=2.26), or heard of message on tobacco control through media (OR= 1.43). Conclusion Results from our study revealed that a thorough smoke-flee policy in public places should be developed and implemented in these three counties/cities.

OBJECTIVETo describe the prevalence of behavior on diet, physical activities and body mass index (BMI) in different populations related to factors as education, occupation and geographical distribution.

METHODSIndicators including frequency of taking different foods, intake of cooking oil/fast foods, intensities of physical activities at work, proportion of taking physical exercises during the day, sedentary life style and BMI were calculated based on results from 17 questions of behavior risk factors surveillance (BRFS) questionnaire by weight on age structures from 2000 census.

RESULTSSeventy percentage of the people took vegetable and 40 percent took fruits 5-7 days per week, and over 50 percent of them ate pork/beef/mutton but few of them ate beans and eggs. 25 percent of the people ate chicken/duck/fish/and shrimps 5-7 times per week but another 40 percent ate them only less then once per week. 70% of the people almost never drank milk or milk-products. 15 percent of them consumed sweet and greasy foods 3-7 days per week and 30 percent of them ate smoked food 3-7 days per week in the past 30 days. The proportions of food intake were different under different geographical regions, education levels and occupations. 11.7% of the sample population cooked mainly with animal oil, and 33% of the students had ever been to McDonald's. 11.7%, 20.5%, 44.7% and 23.0% of the subjects engaged in sedentary, light, moderate or heavy physical activities respectively. 18.04% of the subjects took part in physical exercises with different proportions by gender, occupation, education and geographical settings. 8.3% people were slim which was defined as having BMI lower than 18.5 kg/m(2). 68.0% of the people had a BMI as 18.5-23.9 kg/m(2). 23.7% of the subjects were being overweight which was defined as having BMI greater than 24 kg/m(2), among which 8.5% people with a BMI of 24-24.9 kg/m(2).

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of overweight and obesity will increase in the next 20-30 years, with the habits of taking more foods with high fat and energy but with less physical activities and keeping the idea as "fattier makes happier". Priorities should be given to changing the diet habit, avoiding over-intake of high fat and high energy plus increasing physical activities through publicity of knowledge on health, policy enforcement and development of supportive environment.

Adult ; Body Mass Index ; China ; Diet Surveys ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Activity ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVEUsing doubly labeled water method to validate the colmputer science application's activity monitor (CSA) in assessing physical activity of free-living adults in Beijing, in order to develop equations to predict total daily energy expenditure (TEE) and activity related energy expenditure (AEE) from activity counts (AC) and anthropometric variables.

METHODSA total of 72 healthy adults (33 males and 39 females, mean age 43.6 +/- 4.0 yr) were monitored for 7 consecutive days by CSA. TEE was simultaneously measured using doubly labeled water method. Average AC (counts/min(-1)) was compared with TEE, AEE and physical activity level (PAL).

RESULTSPhysical activity determined by AC was significantly related to data on energy expenditures: TEE (r = 0.31, P < 0.01), AEE (r = 0.30, P < 0.05), and PAL (r = 0.26, P < 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that TEE was significantly influenced by gender, fat-free mass (FFM) or BMI and AC (R(2) = 0.52 - 0.70) while AEE was significantly influenced by gender, FFM and AC (R(2) = 0.25 - 0.32).

CONCLUSIONAC from CSA activity monitor seemed a useful measure in studying the total amount of physical activity in free-living adults while AC significantly contributed to the explained variation in TEE and AEE.

Activities of Daily Living ; Adult ; Anthropometry ; Body Weight ; Calorimetry, Indirect ; Energy Metabolism ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Motor Activity ; physiology ; Physical Fitness ; physiology