Background At present,researches about retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) mainly focus on observation and analysis of the cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced ocular complication.To screen the effective drugs is very important for the treatment of AIDS-related CMV-induced retinitis.Objective This study was to describe the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment outcome of CMV-induced retinitis with BAY 38-4766 and evaluate the relationship between CMV retinitis and AIDS.Methods This was a case observational study.A total of 154 eyes of 84 patients with CMV retinitis and AIDS were enrolled in this study.Before the definitive diagnosis of CMV retinitis,the AIDS course of these patients were 4-26 months.In the initial examination,the visual acuity ranged from finger counting to 0.4,and the number of CD4+ T-lymphocyte was 0-30 cells/μl.The survival time in the patients ranged from 3 weeks to 18 months.BAY 38-4766 was used in 117 eyes of 62 patients,and 102 eyes of 53 patients showed the srinked of retinal lesion and improvement of vision (0.1-0.7).BAY 38-4766 was used to treat the CMV retinitis in 117 eyes of 62 patients with the initial intravenous dose of 5 mg/kg,twice per day for consecutive 2 weeks and followed by oral dose 1 gram per day.The follow-up duration was 2 weeks to 18 months.The fundus feature,visual acuity and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts were analyzed.This study proposal was approved by Ethic Committee of the 474th Hospital of PLA,and written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entering this study.Results The numbers of CD4+T-lymphocytes increased to 12-402 eells/μl after administration of BAY 38-4766.The CMV retinitis aggravated and the vision decreased in the untreated 22 patients with the CD4+T-lymphocytes 0-30 cells/μl.Conclusions CMV retinitis is the most common intraocular complication in patients with AIDS.Diagnosis of CMV retinitis is based on the characteristics of necrotizing retinitis,which is typically associated with retinal hemorrhage and vasculitis.BAY 38-4766 is an effective drug for the treatment of CMV retinitis.

Objective To study the influence of sex on the prognosis in acute ST elevated myocardial in- farction(STEMI)patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods :The risk factors, coronary angiography and prognosis in 478 males and 101 females with STEMl were compared.Results:Mortality of STEMI was significantly different in different age groups(P<0.01).The attack of the STEMI in women was 10 vears later than that of men(P<0.01),especially in those women whose age was over 71 years oId.The complica- tion ratio of hypertension and type 2 mellitus diabetes was higher in female patients than that in male(P<0.01). More multi-vessel lesions were found in female patients than those in male(P<0.01).The incidence of in-hospital mortality,pseudoaneurysm,haematoma Was significantly higher in females than in males(P<0.05.P<0.01).Con- clusions The in-hospital mortalitv and puncture complications in STEMI female patients treated with primary PCI are higher than male patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of morroniside on activation of caspase-3 in rats with focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. MethodsThe model was induced with occlusion of middle cerebral artery with suture embolus, ischemia for 30 min, and reperfusion for 72 h in rats. Vitamin E used for the positive control. The activity of caspase-3 was detected with spectrophotometry. ResultsCompared with sham group, the caspase-3 activity increased obviously in model rat. Compared with model group, Morroniside (30 mg/kg,90 mg/kg,270 mg/kg) decreased the activation of caspase-3 remarkably, which was dose-dependent (P<0.05). ConclusionMorroniside may reduce apoptosis by decreasing the activation of caspase-3 in rats.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of morroniside on IL-1β in rat cortex with focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.MethodsThe animal model was induced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery with suture embolus, ischemia for 30 min, and reperfusion for 72 h in rats. The content of IL-1β was detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).ResultsCompared with sham group, the content of IL-1β increased obviously in model rat. Compared with model group, morroniside(30 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg, 270 mg/kg) and colchicine (0.06 mg/kg) decreased the content of IL-1β significantly (P<0.001).ConclusionMorroniside may protect the cortex from inflammatory factor IL-1β.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion results in damage on neuron, leading to genes and proteins related to apoptosis activation. At the same time, generous cytokines released after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion can induce the apoptosis of the neuron. Many current studies have showed that the major damage mechanisms on apoptosis of the neuron are mitochondrion impairment, calcium overload, increased levels of oxygen radicals and so on. The advance research on the mechanism contributes to explore new neuroprotective drugs, and further identify the target and therapeutic effect of drug treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics in the incarcerated inmate's death, investigate the main cause of death of the incarcerated inmate and provide some information for forensic investigation. METHODS: The cases from the forensic medical center of Shanxi Medical University from 2005 to 2013 were selected. The statistical analysis was performed by using the incarcerated inmate's gender, age, cause of death, manner of death, and disease as the markers. RESULTS: There were 100 men, 5 women in the 105 incarcerated inmates; the age range was from 16 to 65 years; Inmates were mostly died of natural diseases, mainly in the respiratory and cardiovascular diseases; the main unnatural death was suicide with a rate of 54.5%. CONCLUSION At present, most incarcerated inmate's death are due to natural diseases. The prison should improve incarcerated inmate's lives, work and health care conditions, and strengthen supervision of law enforcement.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality* ; Cause of Death ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prisoners/statistics & numerical data* ; Prisons ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/mortality* ; Suicide ; Young Adult

A UPLC method has been developed in the current investigation for simultaneous determination of nine chemical markers of Bletilla striata, 4-hydroxymethylphenyl beta-D-glucoside, blestroside, dactylorhin A, militarine, dihydrophenanthrene 5, gymnoside V, dihydrophenanthrene 1, benzylphenanthrene 3 and gymnosides IX. Separation was performed at 45 degrees C on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm x 150 mm, 1.7 microm) with a gradient solvent system of acetonitrile-water as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 mL x min(-1), the detection wavelength was 280 nm. The results showed that the nine chemical markers could be well resolved and that in the selected linear range, all calibration curves of the nine chemical markers showed good linearity (r > or = 0.999 3). The recoveries (n = 6) were in the range of 98.15% - 102.2% and RSDs were between 2.1% - 3.6%. The data suggested that the developed UPLC-UV method had good reproducibility, robustness, and accuracy, which was suitable for the quality control of Bletilla striata. Applications of the method showed that the nine chemical markers had higher contents in the wild B. striata than in the cultivated ones.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry

To investigate formation mechanism of secologanic acid sulfonates in sulfur-fumigated buds of Lonicera japonica, secologanic acid was enriched and purified from the sun-dried buds of L. japonica by various column chromatography on macroporus resin HPD-100, silica gel and ODS. The stimulation experiments of sulfur-fumigation process were carried out using secologanic acid reacted with SO2 in the aqueous solution. The reaction mechanism could be involved in the esterification or addition reaction. The present investigation provides substantial evidences for interpreting formation pathway of secologanic acid sulfonates in sulfur-fumigated buds of L. japonica.
Alkanesulfonates ; chemistry ; Carboxylic Acids ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flowers ; chemistry ; drug effects ; Lonicera ; chemistry ; drug effects ; Models, Chemical ; Molecular Structure ; Sulfur ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Sulfur Dioxide ; chemistry ; Water ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the effect of 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) on transplanted rectal tumors in experimental rabbit models. Methods A total of 60 New Zealand white rabbits with transplanted rectal tumor were randomly and equally divided into low-dose (0.5 mmol/L), medium-dose (1.0 mmol/L), high-dose (2.0 mmol/L) treatment groups and saline control group with 15 rabbits in each group. Arterial perfusion of 10 ml 3-BrPA with concentration of 0.5 mmol/L, 1.0 mmol/L and 2.0 mmol/L via caudal mesenteric artery was respectively employed for the rabbits of the corresponding treatment group; the control group was perfused with equal amounts of saline. Four days later, rectal tumors were removed by vivisection. The necrosis degree of tumor cells was determined by microscopic examination, and the necrosis rate was calculated. The effect of different 3-BrPA concentrations on the rectal tumor was evaluated. Results The rectal tumor transplantation and transcatheter 3-BrPA or saline perfusion was successfully completed in all 60 experimental rabbits. Microscopically, tumor cells showed different degrees of damage in experimental rabbits. In low-dose (0.5 mmol/L) treatment group, gradeⅠnecrosis was observed in 3 rabbits, gradeⅡin 11 rabbits, and gradeⅢin one rabbit;the effective rate was 6.7%. In medium-dose (1.0 mmol/L) treatment group, gradeⅡnecrosis was seen in 2 rabbits, grade Ⅲ in 10 rabbits, and grade Ⅳ in 3 rabbits; the effective rate was 86.6%. In high-dose (2.0 mmol/L) treatment group, gradeⅢnecrosis was detected in 2 rabbits and gradeⅣin 13 rabbits;the effective rate was 100.0%. In the saline control group, grade I necrosis was observed in 15 rabbits. Statistically significant differences in tumor necrosis rate and effective rate existed between medium-dose (1.0 mmol/L) treatment group and high-dose (2.0 mmol/L) treatment group (P<0.05). Statistically significant differences in tumor necrosis rate also existed between each other among the four groups with necrosis of gradeⅠto gradeⅣ(P<0.05). 3-BrPA had obvious therapeutic effect, while it showed no damage to the normal intestinal tissue. Conclusion For the treatment of transplanted rectal tumor in rabbit models, arterial infusion of 3-BrPA has certain therapeutic effect. In the high-dose group, the necrosis rate and effective rate are the highest, and the therapeutic results are the most significant.

Background and purpose:Δ133p53 can promote tumor cell growth, but the exact mechanism is not clear. This study was aimed to observe the expression and signiifcant of the p53 isoformsΔ133p53 and p53 gene downstream molecules MDM2 and cyclin G1 genes by 5-FU-MKN45 gastric cancer cell line model. Methods:Af-ter using different concentrations of 5-FU (50μg/mL, 100μg/mL) to human gastric cancer cell line MKN45, inhibition rate should be detected by MTT assay, the changes ofΔ133p53 mRNA, MDM2 mRNA and cyclin G1 mRNA express-ing were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Differences between these groups were analyzed by ANOVA, comparisons within groups were analyzed by t-test, bivariate correlation was analyzed by Pearson linear correlation. Results:MTT results showed that with the increased concentration of 5-FU and the extension of time, the cell inhibition rates increased gradually. The inhibition rates of 50μg/mL 5-FU were 41.10%, 54.79%and 68.48%, for culturing 24, 48 and 72 hours. There were statistically signiifcant differences between the groups(F=45.52, P=0.00). The inhibition rates of 100μg/mL 5-FU were 69.53%, 78.21%and 86.92%, for culturing 24, 48 and 72 hours. There were statistically signiifcant differences between the groups(F=85.58,P=0.00). The inhibition rates of 50 and 100μg/mL were 41.10%and 69.53%, for culturing 24 hours. There were statistically signiifcant differences between the groups(F=51.29, P=0.00). The inhibition rates of 50 and 100μg/mL were 54.79%and 78.21%, for culturing 48 hours. There were statistically signiifcant differences between the groups(F=51.29, P=0.00). The inhibition rates of 50 and 100μg/mL were 68.48%and 86.82%, for culturing 72 hours. There were statistically signiifcant differences between the groups(104.91, P=0.00). RT-PCR results showed that with the increase of the concentration of 5-FU, theΔ133p53 mRNA, MDM2 mRNA and cyclin G1 mRNA expression gradually declined in gastric cancer cell line MKN45 cells, and there were statistically signiifcant differences between the groups(F=738.532, 1 396.607, 2 785.56,P=0.00). Cor-relation analysis showed that the expressions ofΔ133p53 mRNA and MDM2 mRNA in gastric cancer were positively correlated (r=0.871, P=0.01), while the expression of cyclin G1 mRNA and p53 mRNA had no obvious relevance (P=0.13). Conclusion:In the 5-FU-MKN45 gastric cancer cell line model, anti-tumor pathway ofΔ133p53 isomers is related with MDM2 but was not related with cyclin G1.