Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; pathology ; Colonoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between thermography patterns and the clinical features of thalamus hemorrhage in the recovery period. MethodsTwo hands skin temperature of 32 patients with thalamus hemorrhage were measured with infrared heat radiation imaging 1 month after the stroke. Results21(66%) of 32 patients showed different imaging patterns between the affected limbs and the healthy sides. Of the 25 palsy patients, 18 (72%) showed abnormal images, just 3 of 7(42.6%) patients with normal muscle force showed abnormal images, and the difference was significanct(P<0.05). There was no relation between sensory disorder and imaging pattern. Patients with hematom lager than 10 millilitre showed more abnormal images than those with hematom under 10 millilitre(P<0.05). Patients with a course within 3 months had a tendency to show hot pattern, while those with a course beyond 3 month showed cold pattern. Conclusion There are certain relations between thermograpy patterns and the symptoms, signs of thalamus hemorrhage.

BACKGROUNDL-glutamate (L-GLU) is a major neurotransmitter in the nucleus ambiguus (NA), which can modulate respiration, arterial pressure, heart rate, etc. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of L-GLU microinjected into NA on gastric motility in rats.

METHODSA latex balloon connected with a pressure transducer was inserted into the pylorus through the forestomach for continuous recording of the gastric motility. The total amplitude, total duration, and motility index of gastric contraction waves within 5 minutes before microinjection and after microinjection were measured.

RESULTSL-GLU (5 nmol, 10 nmol and 20 nmol in 50 nl normal saline (PS) respectively) microinjected into the right NA significantly inhibited gastric motility, while microinjection of physiological saline at the same position and the same volume did not change the gastric motility. The inhibitory effect was blocked by D-2-amino-5-phophonovalerate (D-AP5, 5 nmol, in 50 nl PS), the specific N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist, but was not influenced by 6-cyaon-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-(1H,4H)-dione (CNQX) (5 nmol, in 50 nl PS), the non-NMDA ionotropic receptor antagonist. Bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy abolished the inhibitory effect by microinjection of L-GLU into NA.

CONCLUSIONSMicroinjection of L-GLU into NA inhibits the gastric motility through specific NMDA receptor activity, not non-NMDA receptor activity, and the efferent pathway is the vagal nerves.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate ; pharmacology ; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; drug effects ; Glutamic Acid ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Vagotomy

OBJECTIVEObserve and analyze the informations of western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), in order to provide reference for clinical treatment.

METHODSelect patients with CHD in diagnosis of the first place in 17 hospitals, drug informations of these patients were analyzed using frequency method and association rules.

RESULTIn 84 697 patients,there were 47 564 males and 32 882 females. The median age was 71 years old, 76 172 patients have medicine records, including 278 kinds of western medicine and 331 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine. Aspirin was the most common used western medicine (51 132 patients, 67.08%), followed by isosorbide dinitrate, clopidogrel etc. The most common used traditional Chinese medicine was danhong injection, followed by shuxuetong injection. After classified the drugs, at the forefront of western medicine were antiplatelet drugs, nitrates drugs, statins, beta blockers, calcium antagonists, ACEI; the most used in traditional Chinese medicine was injection of blood-activating and stasis-resolving, followed by oral preparations of blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicine, Fuzheng class oral medicine, purgation medicine etc. After association rules, combination therapy among western medicine was the most common, combination of western medicine with blood-activating and stasis-resolving was very commonly, especially antiplatelet drugs and nitrates drugs.

CONCLUSIONWestern medicine in the treatment of patients with CHD was in accordance with the guidelines recommend, but with the lower utilization rate. Traditional Chinese medicine has become an important method for the treatment of CHD, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine treatment in patients with CHD.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Nitrates ; therapeutic use ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; therapeutic use

BACKGROUND:C2 transpedicle screw fixation for Hangman fractures has been paid more attention due to reliability and no loss of physiological function.However,there are lacks of biomechanical evidences for indication treatment because the fixation is single segmental.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biomechanical stability of C2 transpedicle screw fixation for Hangman fractures.DESIGN,TIME and SEITING:This was a contrast study which was performed at the General Key Laboratory of Biomechanics,First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from May to August 2004.MATERIALS:AO-universal titanium alloy transpedicle screw of 18 25 mm in length and 3.5 mm in diameter was adopted in this study.Six fresh C1-C4 cervical vetebrae samples were ordiually made into type Ⅰ,ⅡA,and Ⅱ Hangman fracture models.METHODS:After transpedicle screw fixation.Hangman fracture models were measured by non-destroyed style with spinal anterior flexion/posterior extension,left/right lateral curvature,and left/right axial direction.Loading/unlonding circulation was performed three times during each testing.Kinematics indicators were measured on the 3rd circulation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Spinal motor images at zero load and maximal load were obtained with laser photoscanning(0.1% in precision),and the corresponding systematic software was adopted to calculate 3D range of movement.RESULTS:The relative stability of type Ⅰ Hangman fracture models after C2 transpedicle screw fixation was 100.62%(inflexion),96.91%(posterior extension),99.19%(lateral curvature),and 97.12%(rotation)as compared to control group (P＞0.05).The relative stability of type Ⅱ Hangman fracture models after C2 transpedicle screw fixation was 47.84%(inflexion),21.29%(posterior extension),65.98%(lateral curvature),and 41.69%(rotation)as compared to control group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:Biochemical evaluation suggests that type Ⅰ and Ⅱ A Hangman fractures do fit for C2 transpedicle screw fixation,and the fixation may generate well physiological fixation or stability.However,stability of type Ⅱ Hangman fracture is poor,so it is not suitably adopted single transpedicle screw fixation.

Adolescent ; Bile Reflux ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastritis ; etiology ; Gastroscopy ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; diagnosis ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male

Objective To study effectiveness and effect on the internal environment of exchange transfusion using peripheral arteries and veins.Methods Exchange transfusion were performed through the peripheral arteries and veins on 22 cases of newborn infants with severe hyperbilirubinemia.Blood electrolyte,blood routine,blood bio- chemistry were measured before and after change blood.Vital signs were monitored electronically recorded.Results Total bilirubin was(595.28?134.44)?mol/L before exchange transfusion and(275.17?74.05)?mol/L after ex- change transfusion(P

Objective To probe the effects of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-?B) on cell apoptosis and left ventricular segmental function in acute ischemia repeffusion in dogs.Method Twenty-four dogs were randomly divided into three groups:without left anterior artery (lAD) ligation group (C group),LAD was occluded 30 min following reperfusion 120 minutes in isehemical reperfusion group (IR group),and dogs were administered with PDTC before LAD ligation in ischemical reperfusion plus pyorrole dithitocarbamate group (PDTC group).The left ventricular segmental function was detected by echo cardiography using strain rate anlysis software.EF measured by Simpson's method.Cardiac myocyte apoptosis numbers were determined by terminal deoxynudeotidy transferease-mediated biotinylated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL).lmmunohistochemistry and western-blot anylysis of NF-?B protein expression.Results NF-?B was obviously expression on injury myocardium of IR group,and increased significantly in contrast to control group (P0.05)Conclusions NF-?B might play an important role in acute myocardial ischemia reperfusion.PDTC reduces myocardial iscbemia/repeffasion injury by preventing expression of factor NF-?B.

Objective To evaluate the effect of isoflurane or sevoflurane inhalation before and after gestation on the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor expression in offspring rat hippocampus.Methods Thirty female adult Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 3 months,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n =6 each):control group (group C),exposure to isoflurane before gestation group (group BI),exposure to isoflurane during gestation period group (group PI),exposure to sevoflurane before gestation group (group BS),exposure to sevoflurane during gestation period group (group PS).The rats inhaled 1.6％ isoflurane for 6 h at 1 day before gestation in group BI.The rats inhaled 1.6％ isoflurane for 6 h at 6,10,14 and 18 day gestation in group PI.The rats were exposed to 2.4％ sevoflurane for 6 h before gestation in group BS.The rats were exposed to 2.4％ sevoflurane for 6 h at 6,10,14 and 18 day gestation in group PS.Twelve offspring rats from pregnant rats in each group were chosen on the day of birth (T1),and 7th,14th and 28th days after birth (T2-4) and sacrificed,and the hippocampi were then isolated for determination of the expression NMDA receptor (NR1,NR2A and NR2B).Results Compared with group C,no significant change was found in NMDA receptor expression in off spring rat hippocampus in groups BI and BS (P ＞ 0.05),and the expression of NR1 and NR2A protein and mRNA was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of NR2B protein and mRNA was down-regulated at T1-3 (P ＜0.05),and no significant change was found in NMDA receptor expression at T4 in groups PI and PS (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group PI,the expression of NRI and NR2A protein and mRNA was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of NR2B protein and mRNA was down-regulated at T1 3 (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in N MDA receptor expression at T4 in group PS (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Isoflurane or sevoflurane inhalation before gestation does not affect the NMDA receptor expression in offspring rat hippocampus,while isoflurane or sevoflurane inhalation after gestation can induce abnormal expression of the NMDA receptor in offspring rat hippocampus,which may result in apoptosis in hippocampal cells and abnormality in the development of nervous system and cognitive function.

Objective To evaluate dynamic graciloplasty (DGP) for canine in situ anal reconstruction. Methods Seventeen dogs were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In control group, on the stage 1, the gracilis muscle were dissected in situ, manometry performed intraoperatively; In experimental group, the gracilis muscle were dissected in situ and stimulated chronically starting 7 days postoperatively. On stage 2, abdominoperineal resection of anus and graciloplasty for anal reconstruction were performed in two groups. After 2 weeks recovery, manometry and muscular fatigue-resistant curve (MFRC) were observed while myostimulator is switched off and on. The muscle of neosphincter was biopsied. Results After chronic low frequency electrical stimulation (CLFS), the percentage of type Ⅰ fibers in the stimulation group was higher than the control group (P0.05), but functioning neosphincter pressure is different significantly (P