Objective To investigate the status of clinical nurses' professional self-concept and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 572 clinic nurses were investigated by using Professional Self-concept of Nurses Instrument. Results Indicators including married status, education background, age, nursing experiences, professional title and position were influencing factors of professional self-concept.Conclusions Clinical nurses below 30 years old or under 10 years nursing experiences or lower professional title or no position or single should emphasize on professional self-concept.

Objective To study the impact of spiritual care on the psychological stress level of the spouses of patients with cervical cancer.Methods Totals of 67 spouses of patients with cervical cancer were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.Control group treated with conventional care,while the intervention group,on the basis of routine care,received spiritual care nursing by seven professionals and 40 volunteers.All cases were investigated with General information questionnaire and Psychological Stress Scale (PSS) before and after the intervention.Results No significant difference was found in the PSS scores and dimension scores before the intervention between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).After the intervention,psychological distress,undisturbed life,negative emotions,total score of control group were (5.06 ± 3.08),(3.62 ± 2.03),(3.61 ± 2.03) and (12.29 ± 5.82),respectively; and those in intervention group respectively were (3.06 ±2.08),(2.12 ± 1.83),(2.11 ± 1.43) and (8.29 ±5.82),and the differences were statistically significantly different (t/t' =3.81,4.97,4.36,5.69;P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Spiritual care can effectively alleviate the psychological stress level of the spouses of patients with cervical cancer and improve their mental health.

The effects of the concentration of sulfuric acid and the ratio of liquid to solid on xylose yield from sugar cane bagasse in its hemicellulose hydrolysis process were studied with the Quadratic Rotary Combination Design. Regression analysis showed that there was a marked regression relationship between the two factors and xylose yield. As the result of optimizing the hydrolysis conditions by regression equation, xylose yield of 24 g/100 g sugar cane bagasse was obtained when sulfuric acid concentration was 2.4 g/L and liquid to solid ratio was 6.2 under the conditions of stream pressure of 2.5 x 10(4) Pa and hydrolysis time of 2.5 h. The macroporous resin adsorption was proved to be a good method to reduce the concentration of yeast cell growth inhibitor in sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate and to enhance the hydrolysate fermentability. The hydrolysate treated with macroporous resin adsorption under pH2 was used as the substrate for xylitol production by a xylitol-producting yeast, Candida tropicalis AS2.1776. At an initial xylose concentration of 200 g/L, all xylose was consumed within 110 h with a xylitol production rate of 1.15 g/L.h, and a xylitol yield of 0.64 g/g xylose.
Candida tropicalis ; metabolism ; Cellulose ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis ; Polysaccharides ; metabolism ; Regression Analysis ; Saccharum ; metabolism ; Xylitol ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of interferon (IFN)-alpha/beta receptor beta subunit (IFNAR2) in the patients' response to IFN-alpha therapy as influenced by the grade of chronic hepatic inflammation, and understand the relation of IFNAR2 expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with HBV infection.

METHODSLiver tissue specimens were obtained from 21 patients with chronic hepatitis B for examination of the hepatic inflammation, and PBMCs were isolated from another 16 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 15 health control subjects. Both the hepatic tissues and PBMCs were examined for IFNAR2 expression using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe 21 patients with chronic hepatitis B were divided into 3 groups according to the severity of hepatic inflammation, namely G(1) (n=3), G(2) (n=7) and G(3) (n=11) groups. The patients in G(3) group showed had significantly higher IFNAR2 expressions in liver (25.1307-/+7.0700) than those of the G(1) (5.6913-/+1.8422) and G(2) (7.4706-/+5.3572) groups (P=0.000). The IFNAR2 levels in the PBMCs, however, did not show significant difference between patients with chronic hepatitis B and the healthy control subjects.

CONCLUSIONIn patients with chronic hepatitis B, IFNAR2 expression level is positively correlated to the severity of hepatic inflammation, and increased IFNAR2 expression in severe hepatic inflammation is therefore likely to result in increased response rate to INF-alpha therapy. The expression of IFNAR2 in the PBMCs is not associated with HBV infection.

Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta ; blood ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo suggest a chemical surface treatment for titanium and to initiate the formation of hydroxycarbonated apatite (HCA) on titanium surface during in vitro bioactivity tests in simulated body fluid (SBF).

METHODSTo improve the bone-bonding ability of Ti implants, commercially pure titanium (cpTi) by a simple chemical pre-treatment in orthophosphoric acid (H(3)PO(4)) with different density was activated, and then the phosphorylation specimens were soaked in SBF to investigate the function of biomineralization.

RESULTSThe scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs showed that the surfaces of the pre-treated samples were characterized by a complex construction, which consisted of a mesh-like morphology matrix (a micro-roughened surface) and an uniform surface with different morphous of titanium dihydrogen orthophosphate [Ti(H(2)PO(4))(3)] crystal. After 14 days in SBF a homogeneous biomimetic apatite layer precipitated.

CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest that the treatment of titanium by acid etching in orthophosphoric acid is a suitable method to provide the titanium implant with bone-bonding ability.

Acid Etching, Dental ; methods ; Biomimetics ; Body Fluids ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Implants ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Phosphoric Acids ; chemistry ; Phosphorylation ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism (R72P) and the risk of colorectal liver metastases.

METHODSThe p53 R72P genotype was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method in 78 consecutive colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases and 214 age- and sex-matched cases with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer.

RESULTSThe R allele of the p53 R72P polymorphism was more frequently found in metastatic cases than in nonmetastatic cases (P=0.075). Carriers of the 72R allele had a 2.25-fold (95% CI (confidence interval)=1.05 to approximately 4.83) increased risk of liver metastases. On the stratification analysis, 72R-carrying genotype conferred a 3.46-fold (95% CI=1.02 to approximately 11.72) and a 1.05-fold (95% CI=0.36 to approximately 3.08) increased risk of liver metastases for p53 overexpression-positive and negative colorectal cancers, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate for the first time that the 72R allele of the p53 polymorphism has an increased risk for liver metastases in colorectal cancers positive for p53 overexpression.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Case-Control Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA, Neoplasm ; blood ; genetics ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; secondary ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; biosynthesis ; genetics

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the twigs of Morus alba L..METHODS The 60％ ethanol extract from M.alba twigs was isolated and purified by ODS,sephadax LH-20 and semi-preparative column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Ten compounds were isolated and identified as 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2'-hydroxyresveratrol 3-(6-O-β-D-glucopyanosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) (1),3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2'-hydroxyresveratrol 4'-(6-O-β-D-glucopyanosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside) (2),mulberroside A (3),mulberroside E (4),mulberroside F (5),transoxyresveratrol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6),trans-oxyresveratrol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7),cis-mulberroside A (8),3,4-dimethoxyphenyl β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (9),kelampayoside A (10).CONCLUSION Compounds 9 and 10 are isolated from genus Morus for the first time,compounds 1,2,4-7 are first isolated from this plant.

Objective To explore suitable pre-processing methods for the TCM clinical data based on prospective study on insomnia treated by syndrome differentiation. Methods Based on the TCM shared clinical and research information platform and by using man-machine combination method, data cleaning rules, physician review, rule revision, procedural import and batch processing were used to conduct pre-processing for data in prospective study on insomniac treated by syndrome differentiation of 8 TCM doctors. Results Totally 27534 rules for symptoms data of individual treatment of insomnia were made and 1036 rules for diagnostic data, 842 rules for therapeutic ways, 540 rules for formula data, 3785 rules for data of Chinese materia medica. Conclusion Different kinds of terminology concepts were normalized at different levels, at the same time, characteristics of individualized treatment based on syndrome differentiation were reserved. Appropriate pre-processing methods can be used in the reaserch of individualization and standardization of TCM syndrome differentiation clinical data and can provide support for data mining.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of sodium butyrate on the neonatal mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis and analyze its possible mechanism.Methods Sixty c57BL/6 neonatal mice were randomly divided into two groups (n=30):PBS group and butyric acid group.At the third day after birth,mice in both groups were respectively given PBS and sodium butyrate solution by gavage once a day for 7 days,and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) model was established by hypoxia,cold stimulation and artificial feeding.The newborn mice were sacrificed overnight after modeling.HE staining and double-blind pathological score were performed to observe the pathological changes of ileocecal intestinal tissue.The mRNA expressions of IL-6,IL-10,TGF-β1 and TNF-a were tested by quantitative real-time PCR.The levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in intestine tissues were evaluated using ELISA.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the ratio of regulatory T cells (Treg) on CD4+ T cells in both groups.Results When mice were sacrificed overnight after NEC modeling,the body weight was significantly higher in butyric acid group (4.50 ± 0.42g) than in PBS group (4.16 ± 0.60g,P＜0.05);No significant difference (P＞0.05) existed in survival rate of butyric acid group (76.34％) and PBS group (67.95％).The pathological damage score of intestinal tissue showed that the median score of intestinal injury was significantly lower in butyric acid group [1.33(1.33-1.67)] than in PBS group [2.00(1.67-2.25),P＜0.05].qPCR demonstrated that the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA were obviously lower in butyric acid group than in PBS group (0.85 ± 0.30 vs.1.77 ± 0.49 and 0.41 ± 0.25 vs.0.96 ± 0.56,respectively,P＜0.05);and the expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 mRNA were markedly higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (1.91 ± 0.82 vs.0.94 ± 0.43 and 1.46 ± 0.57 vs.0.88 ± 0.29,respectively,P＜0.05);Intestinal tissue ELISA results showed that the expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (68.60 ± 15.06 vs.37.25 ± 5.81 and 424.93 ± 19.34 vs.127.31 ± 60.83,respectively,P＜0.05);Flow cytometry revealed that the proportion of regulatory T cells (Treg) of CD4+ T cells was higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (12.68％ ± 6.79％ vs.3.57％ ± 0.88％,P＜0.05).Conclusions Butyric acid plays a protective effect in the intestinal injury of neonatal mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis.The possible mechanism is that butyrate can down-regulate the expressions of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-o,up-regulate the expressions of cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1,and promote the differentiation of T cells into Treg cells.

In 2016, the World Health Organization set an ambitious goal of reducing viral hepatitis-related deaths by 65% by 2030. The key to this goal is to reduce viral hepatitis-related HCC deaths. Liver cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor and the second leading cause of cancer death in China. The onset of HCC is insidious, and most patients are already in the middle and late stage when diagnosed. Despite the great progress on management of HCC, the therapeutic effect and prognosis of HCC are still unsatisfactory. Therefore, multi-dimensional and comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of liver cancer, improving the early screening, diagnosis and treatment rate of liver cancer are the key points of reducing the harm of liver cancer in China. In recent years, multi-omics studies have been widely applied in the field of liver cancer, providing a basis for the pathogenesis of liver cancer, early detection and diagnosis, development of individual treatment strategies and prognosis assessment. This issue will focus on the application of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and imaging omics in early screening, diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy* ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods* ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/therapy* ; Prognosis