Xenotransplantation is a feasibility way of solving the shortage of human organs for transplantation. Although it is urgently needed to satisfy the demand of people and sustain the function of human organs, there are multiple hurdles existed to clinical application, such as the immune rejection between human body and the xenografts, the infection of pathogens and a series of ethic, morality and social issues. A historical retrospect of xenotransplantation was given, and then probe into the strategies according to the main problems and the actualities. Finally, the prospect in the field of xenotransplantation was showed.

Neuroglobin is a newly discovered member of globulin family.It has neuronprotec- tive effect under the hypoxic and ischemic conditions.In order to make the acting mechanism of globulin clear,many theories have been raised,and corresponding experiments have been done. This article reviews the latest advances systematically in this field,and puts forward possible research directions in the future.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Danggui Yinzi (DY) on delayed allergy in model mice with qi-blood deficiency syndrome (QBDS).

METHODSQBDS model was established in 48 Kuming mice of SPF grade by using reserpine and acetophenone hydrazine. Forty of them were then randomly divided into the model group, the loratadine group, the high dose DY group, the middle dose DY group, and the low dose DY group, 8 in each group. Another 8 in line with the same standard were recruited as a blank group. Mice in high, middle, and low dose DY groups were administered with DY concentrated solution at 60, 30, 15 g/kg by gastrogavage. Mice in the loratadine group were administered with loratadine solution at 1.66 mg/kg by gastrogavage. Equal volume of normal saline was administered to mice in the model group and the blank group by gastrogavage. All medication was given once per day for 1 successive week. Except those in the blank group, the rest mice were evenly smeared with 1% DNCB solution on the abdomen. Five days after skin allergy, 1% DNCB solution was smeared to right ear of all mice to stimulate allergic reaction. Mice in the blank group were smeared in the same way without allergenic reaction. The auricle swelling and the inhibition ratio were determined at 24 h after attack. Blood was collected from orbit and serum IgE level detected using double-antibody sandwich ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with the blank group, auricle swelling obviously increased and serum IgE level was obviously elevated in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, auricle swelling obviously decreased and serum IgE level was obviously reduced in the 3 dose DY groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the auricle swelling degree was superior in high and middle dose DY groups to that in the loratadine group (P < 0.05). The inhibition ratio of auricle swelling was sequenced from high to low as 67.3% in the high dose DY group, 56.0% in the middle dose DY group, 48.1% in the low dose DY group, 47.3% in the loratadine group.

CONCLUSIONSDY could inhibit auricle swelling and lower serum IgE level. It also could inhibit delayed allergic reaction in model mice with QBDS to some extent.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Edema ; drug therapy ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; drug therapy ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Loratadine ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Qi ; Random Allocation

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of human swine streptococcosis occurred in some areas of Jiangsu Province from late summer to autumn since 1998.Methods The epidemiologic and clinical features of 42 cases were collected and analyzed.The bio- chemical features of strains isolated from patient's blood or cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) were tested,and the homogeneity were compared among 15 Streptococcus suisⅡ.Results All patients had acute infection toxe- mic symptoms such as chill,fever,headache and malaise etc.Toxic shock syndrome or meningitis syndrome were the major clinical manifestations.Forty two cases of human swine streptococosis were classified into 3 types:the rates of general,shock and meningitis type were 7.1% (3/42),38.1% (16/42) and 54.7%(23/42),respectively.Ten patients were died of shock type,32 were cured.Strain isolated from patients was identified as Streptococcus suisⅡby API-Strep,the biochemical reactional code was 0641473,and appraised result was 99.9%.There was highly homogeneity in the strains of Streptococcus suisⅡisolated from patients and sick pigs identified by genomic fingerprinting.Com- bined therapy of large doses of penicillin G and ceftriaxone was effective in these patients.Conclusions Human swine streptococosis is zoonosis caused by Streptococcus suisⅡand the clinical manifesta- tions are variable.In the cases of shock type,the onset of disease is stormy and the fatality rate is very high.While the prognosis of general and meningitis type is good and the majority of the cases are cured by effective antibiotic therapy.

The growing status of Anoectochilus roxburghii seedling was observed and the survival rate of seedlings, height, stem diameter and plant fresh weight under the conditions of different transplanting substrate compositions, planting density, shading rate were measured. The results showed that the effects of different transplanting substrates, planting densities, shading rates and nutrient solutions on the growing status of A. roxburghii plantlets varied greatly. A. roxburghii plantlets demonstrated a high survival rate and better growing status under the Following conditions: the ratio of peat and river sand as 2: 1, the planting density as 3 cm x 3 cm, the shading rate as 70%, and the nutrient solution as 1/4MS. The findings of the study provide a solid technical solution for the artificial cultivation of A. roxburghii plantlets.
Breeding ; methods ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Orchidaceae ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Seedlings ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Survival Analysis

OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy and safety of zhongfu hypotension capsule (ZHC) in treating hypertension of yin-deficiency with sthenic-yang syndrome type.

METHODSAdopting the stratified, block randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy, positive parallel controlled, multi-centered clinical trial method, the tested group was treated by orally taken 3 capsules of ZHC (0.5 g/capsule) twice a day, and the control group was treated by orally taken Lotensin Tablet 1 tablet (10 mg/tab.) once a day. And all received the adiaphorous drug with the dosage-form mimic to that used in the tested group. The therapeutic course was 4 weeks for both groups.

RESULTSThe markedly effective rate and the total effective rate in reducing blood pressure was 58.65% and 79.81% respectively in the tested group, and 60.51% and 78.34% respectively in the control group; while the markedly effective rate and the total effective rate for alleviating TCM syndrome was 21.15% and 78.85% in the tested group, and 25.48% and 86.62% in the control group respectively. Comparisons between the two groups showed insignificant difference (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONZHC has good efficacy and is safety in treating hypertension.

Adult ; Aged ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Benzazepines ; therapeutic use ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Syndrome ; Tablets ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy ; pathology

Objective To explore the feasibility of mobilization circulating MSCs by G-CSF and observe the repairing effect of G-CSF mobilization in severe mouse traumatic brain injury(TBI) model.Methods MSCs-derived bone marrow and peripheral blood(PB) were cultured and its CFU-F were counted after mobilization by G-CSF.At 2,24,48,96,120,144,192,264,336 h after severe TBI in mice was establish,the neurobehavior of mice was measured by neurological examination and motor functional test,and mortality rate and pathologic changes were analyzed.Results MSCs-derived PB were successfully cultured.The CFU-F of mobilization group increased significantly than that of control group(P

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical effects of Ilizarov technique at stage I for repairing tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis with bone and skin defect.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to December 2013,44 patients with tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis with bone and skin defect were treated with Ilizarov technique at stage I . Among them, there were 35 males and 9 females aged from 18 to 70 years old with an average of 42.5 years old. Bone defect ranged from 4 to 16 cm, skin defect ranged from 3 cm x 4 cm to 5 cm x 16 cm. The operation was performed debridement thoroughly, removed inflammatory bone section, osteotomy invasively, install circular external fixator by Ilizarow technique; screw nut were rotated at 1 week after operation, and prolonged 0.5 to 1.0 mm everyday. Wound surface, new born callus and bone healing were observed to evaluate clinical effects.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 11 to 36 months with an average of 18.5 months. Bone defect after osteotomy was from 6 to 22 cm with an average of 11.5 cm; the time of wound healing time ranged from 21 to 79 d with an average of 38 d; bone defect healing time was from 8 to 15 months with an average of 12.5 months. All patients were cured, no recurrent infection, refracture and shorten of calf deformity were occurred.

CONCLUSIONRepairing tibial post-traumatic osteomyelitis with bone and skin defect by llizarov technique at stage I has advantages of less trauma, low inflammatory recurrence rate, could avoid multiple complex operation, and receive definite curative effect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; Tibia ; surgery

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Transplantation ; Child ; Epidermis ; cytology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Suspensions ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Vitiligo ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo molecularly analyze in Han and Li individuals of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Hainan, China.

METHODSThe amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) was employed to detect G1376T, G1388A and A95G mutations. The coding regions and flanking intronic regions from the second to the thirteenth exons of G6PD gene was analyzed by DNA sequencing to characterize the gene mutations in samples without G1376T, G1388A and A95G mutations.

RESULTSAmong 29 Han cases of G6PD deficiency, 11 had G1376T (37.9%), 2 G1388A (6.9%), 1 G1376T and G1388A (3.4%) and 1 G1376T and A95G (3.4%) were identified. Mutations of G1376T, G1388A, A95G and their complex accounted for 51.7% of G6PD deficiency in the Han individuals. Among 42 Li cases of G6PD deficiency, 25 had G1376T (59.5%), 6 G1388A (14.3%), 2 A95G (4.8%), 4 G1376T and G1388A (9.5%), 1 G1376T and A95G (2.4% )were identified. These mutations accounted for 90.5% of the Li individuals. Gene mutation of 18 cases (14 Han and 4 Li individuals) remained unknown. Sequencing results of the 18 samples indicated that one case had a single base of T deletion at nucleotide 636 or 637 in the 5th intron (IVS-5 636 or 637 T del) and two cases had C1311T with IVS-11 T93C mutation.

CONCLUSIONG6PD G1376T and G1388A are the most common mutations in the populations of the Han and Li nationalities in Hainan. The IVS-5 636 or 637 T del mutation is first reported in Chinese, and the complex mutation of G1376T/A95G is first found in the Li nationality.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation