Apathy is a common neuropsychiatric complication after stroke,the identification of apathy after stroke and its related factors and providing an effective intervention on it may contribute to the rehabilitation in patients with stroke.This article reviews the incidence of apathy after stroke,pathophysiological mechanisms,diagnostic evaluation and treatment.

Objective To study the gastroscopic and pathohistologic mucosal changes in children′s chronic gastritis and to improve the diagnosis of the chronic gastritis in children.Methods Two thousand four hundred and forty children with upper-abdominal symptoms who were examined by gastroscopic observation were collected,and samples of gastric mucosa were examined by the same pathohistologist.And then the pathohistologic changes were analysed.Results All the 2440 children had different mucosal inflammation confirmed by gastroscope,and the pathologic results show that there were 2132 cases of chronic superficial gastritis(90.03%) and 76 cases of chronic atrophic gastritis(3.21%).Among 2440 cases,80 cases with intestinal metaplasia(3.37%),972 cases with lymphoid follicles(41.05%),409 cases with active inflammation(17.28%),902 cases with helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection(38.09%).Moderate and severe inflammatory were more predominant in patients with Hp infection,especially with lymphoid follicles or active gastritis,and the percentage of them were 50.79%,68.73%,73.53%,respectively.Conclusions Major chornic gastritis in children are chronic superficial gastritis,and the pathohistological changes are different from the adults.It also shows that there is a close relationship between gastric mucosal inflammation and Hp.

Background and purpose:Aberrant expressions of microRNAs (miRNA, miR)are reported in various cancers and may associate with cancer occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis, thereby functioning as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. This study attempted to observe the expression of miR-214 in pancreatic cancer and to explore its clinical signiifcance.Methods:Real-time PCR was used to detect the miR-214 expressions between pancreatic cancer tissues and matched adjacent tissues. The correlations of miR-214 expression with clinic-pathological features and clinical prognosis were analyzed.Results:MiR-214 expression was up-regulated in 69.4%(25/36) of tumor tissue specimens. The relative expression level of miR-214 was signiifcantly higher in tumor tissues than in matched adjacent tissues (3.45vs 1.52,P<0.01). Higher miR-214 level was strongly associated with T3-T4 stage (P=0.018). The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with higher expression of miR-214 had a shorter survival time (P=0.032).Conclusion:The expression of miR-214 is associated with clinic-pathological features and patient’s clinical prognosis, so it may be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker and a prognostic predictor in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression level of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) protein and telomerase activity as well as its clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was employed to detect hTERT protein expression in 52 cases of HCC and paired adjacent tumor tissues, and telomerase activity was examined in these samples with telomeric repeat amplification-ELISA. Results The positive rates of hTERT protein expression and telomerase activity in HCC were 86.5%(45/52) and 80.8%(42/52), respectively, which were significantly higher compared with the adjacent tumor tissues(P

Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; chemically induced ; Pneumoconiosis ; drug therapy

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects and side effects of cisplatin-S-1 (CS) program and docetaxel-cisplatin-S-1(DCS) program on patients with malignant gastric tumor who were treated by laparoscopic gastrectomy.MethodsA total of 67 patients in our hospital from January 2010 to June 2013 were included in this study,of which 33 cases accepted cisplatin-S-1 program (CS group),34 cases accepted DCS program (DCS group).The related side effects including diarrhea,nausea and acute upper respiratory infection,change of routine blood tests,blood biochemical index,and death caused by chemotherapy were analyzed.The related index of surgery including operation time,blood loss,recovery time of gastrointestinal function,pain incidence,hospital stay,lymph nodes resection success rate,postoperative infection,obstruction,intestinal emptying delays were recorded.Meanwhile,the 3-year survival rate after operation and postoperative 3-year recurrence rate between the two groups were compared.Results There was no significant difference in operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative recovery time of gastrointestinal function,the lymph nodes resection success rate,the incidence of postoperative pain,as well as the length of hospital stay,postoperative infection rate,and complications such as obstruction and intestinal emptying delays between the two groups(P>0.05).And there was no significant difference in chemotherapy-related complications between the two groups(P>0.05).But the postoperative 3-year survival rate and postoperative 3-year recurrence rate of DCS group was better than those of the CS Group(P<0.05).Conclusion There is no significant difference in complications and surgery-related index between the two preoperative chemotherapy.However,the DCS programs have more advantages in therapeutic effects.

AIM:To study the effects of astragali radix extract(ARE)on renal resistance to atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)in rats with experimental nephrotic syndrome.METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control,adriamycin nephropathy(ADR),ADR treated with ARE(2.5 g? kg-1? d-1)and ADR treated with benazepril(10 mg? kg-1? d-1).After 6 weeks,rats received intravenous infusion of 2% body weight isotonic saline.Urinary cGMP excretion(UcGMPV),plasma ANP level,renal PDE5 activity and protein expression were also detected.RESULTS:ARE increased UNaV while ACEI was not natriuretic.Nephrotic rats had a blunted natriuretic response and reduced rate of UcGMPV after volume expansion despite higher plasma ANP concentration.ARE increased UcGMPV and restored partly natriuretic response to volume expansion.The activity and protein abundance of renal PDE5 were high in nephrotic rats.ARE significantly reduced the PDE5 activity and protein expression.CONCLUSION:ARE may ameliorate the renal resistance to ANP in rats with adriamycin nephropathy by inhibiting the PDE5.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic methods contain inspection, auscultation-olfaction, inter-rogation and palpation. The clinical doctor collects information through the four diagnostic methods. Various symp-toms of the disease are especially used as the main evidence to determine different diseases and to identify the syndrome. Therefore, the TCM four diagnostic methods are the basic means of disease understanding in TCM. This article collected and analyzed clinical data in order to summarize the unique features and focused aspects of TCM four diagnostic methods application on TCM surgery and dermatology. This article was aimed to provide new ideas for TCM four diagnostic methods in the clinical diagnosis of dermatological diseases.

To study the effects of mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) on the in vitro maturation, fertilization, cleavage and blastula formation of mouse oocytes, the immature oocytes were infected in vitro by MCMVs of different dosages (100 TCID(50), 10 TCID(50) and 1 TCID(50)). The oocytes were then observed for in vitro maturation, fertilization, cleavage and blastula formation and the ultrastructural changes after the culture with the viruses. Our results showed that no significant differences were found in IVM, IVF, cleavage and blastula formation among the groups treated with of virus of various dosages. And ultrastructural abnormality was observed in the oocytes treated by 100 TCID(50) of viruses. It is concluded that MCMV did not have any conspicuous effects on IVM, IVF, cleavage and blastula formation of murine immature oocytes.
Blastocyst ; Cells, Cultured ; Cleavage Stage, Ovum ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Fertilization ; Muromegalovirus/*pathogenicity ; Oocytes/cytology ; Oocytes/growth & development ; Oocytes/*virology

Natural products especially flavonoids are being explored for their therapeutic potentials in reducing bone loss and maintaining bone health. The present study is to investigate the effects of isoquercitrin from Craibiodendron yunnanense with different concentrations at 1 x 10(-4), 1 x 10(-5), 1 x 10(-6), 1 x 10(-7) mol x L(-1) on proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 kit at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were performed qualitatively and quantitatively on day 7, and alizarin red S staining was employed to access the mineralization of cells on day 21. The osteogenic markers ALP, collagen type I (COL 1A1), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2) and Osterix were detected to analysis early osteogenic differentiation of cells on day 3 by RT-PCR. The results showed that isoquercitrin had a dose-dependent effect on the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, mineralization and gene expression of MC3T3-E1 in the range from 1 x 10(-7) to 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1). At concentrations above 1 x 10(-4) mol x L(-1) isoquercitrin showed cytotoxicity, while 1 x 10(-6) mol x L(-1) is the optimal concentration of isoquercitrin to improve the osteoblastic activity. All these results implied that isoquercitrin might be the major composition of traditional Chinese medicine C. yunnanense to treat bone fractures.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Ericaceae ; chemistry ; Mice ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology