Objective Osteoporosis and tumble are the most common risky factor for geriatric fracture that usually involve spine, hip, and distal radius. The major preventive measures include reasonable exercises, nourishment, and avoidance of substance abuse. To measure bone mineral density is valuable in predicting the risk of hip fracture. Little change will occur in the healing course of geriatric fractures, but the new born formation is slow and the healing time of later stage long. This paper recommends the therapeutic principle, procedure and difficulty in the treatment of geriatric fractures.

Incidence of knee periprosthetic fractures after total knee arthropoasty is increased,and is a challenging clinical problem. Treatment options include conservative and operative methods. Only the doctor have sufficient and systematic understanding of periprosthetic fractures and consider both advantages and dis-advantages before deciding the appropriate treatment, the satisfying treatment outcome will be got. we re-viewde the type, treatment methods and outcomes of periprosthetie fractures of total knee arthroplasty repor-ted in recent years.

Objective To investigate the activation mechanism of matrix metalloproteinase-13 zymogen (pro-MMP-13) induced by nitric oxide (NO). Methods Human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) were grouped and treated with the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP), SNAP + NO scavenger oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb), and SNAP + tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase material -2 (TIMP-2) respectively. After stimulation, matrix metalloproteinase -13 ( a-MMP-13 ) expression level was detected. Besides, the expression levels of MT1- MMP were detected after SW1353 cells stimulated with SNAP and SNAP + OxyHb, respectively. At last, the activities of the recombinant MMP-13 (r-MMP-13) were detected after r-MMP-13 stimulated with SNAP, recombinant MT1-MMP (r-MT1-MMP) and r-MT1-MMP + TIMP-2,respectively. Results SNAP increased human chondrocytes a-MMP-13 expression, OxyHb and TIMP-2 inhibited a- MMP- 13 expression. SNAP also increased the expression of MT1- MMP levels, OxyHb inhibited the expression of MT1-MMP. r-MT1-MMP activated the r-MMP-13, but SNAP did not, TIMP-2 inhibited the activity of r-MMP-13 induced by r-MT1-MMP. Conclusions NO can not directly activate pro-MMP13 by the role of S-nitroso-(S nitrosylation). MT1-MMP mediates the activiation of pro-MMP-13 induced by NO.

AIM :To investigate the impact of alendronate on bone resorption of normal and ovariectomized rats at the bone-screw interface through radiographic and histologic findings.METHODS :Thirty-two female Wister rats with a mean body weight of 332 g(287-351 g)were divided into four groups at random.Rats in group C and D were ovariectomized.8 weeks later,the proximal one-third of the left tibia of all rats were inserted into self-drilling mini cortical screws.After operations,alendronate were used in group A and C and saline were given in group B and D.The rats were euthanized at 5 weeks after screws having been attached.Radiographic and histologic findings subsequently were analyzed.RESULTS :Radiographs confirmed that no osteolytic area was present around screws immediately after insertion,whereas 5 weeks after insertion,a wide and low-density area corresponding to the screw hole was evident in the saline groups compared with the alendronate groups.On histologic observation,the width of the fiber membrane and the number of TRAP-positive cells were decreased in the alendronate groups than those in the saline groups,and the difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION :Alendronate effectly inhibits bone resorption of either normal or ovariectomized rats at the bone-screw interface in rats.

In this paper the last study of the role of nitric oxide(NO) in the development of osteoarthritis is reported. The study of dependability of the content of NO in the inflamed tissue and development of osteoarthritis showed that NO had an important role in the damage of cartilage,and that the inhibition of excess release of NO could improve the repair of cartilage,and that the effective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase might cure osteoarthritis.

Identification of the histotype of the Wilms' tumor(WT) before operation, application of normative staging rules for WT and individualized combined therapy schedule are the main studying contents of WT' s diagnosis and therapy. Present article will review the overseas and domestic advancements of WT' s diagnosis and therapy, and provide some references for domestic doctors.

Objective: To study the relationship of folic acid, homocysteine with pancreatic cancer. Methods: A case-control study was performed in which the case group was defined as patients with newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer and the control group were population-based healthy individuals. ELISA assay was used to determine the plasma levels of folic acid, homocysteine, vitamine B6 and vitamine B12 in all the subjects. The general information (such as demology data, smoking history, diet, etc) was collected by face to face talking using a standard questionnaire. Univariate analyses were performed using Chi-square tests for norminal variables and unpair t-tests for continuous variables. The variables with a P value no more than 0.25 in univariate analyses were selected as candidate variables for a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Forty-two patients with pancreatic cancer and 42 healthy individuals were included in the present study. The results of univariate analyses showed that the plasma folic acid, homocysteine, vitamine B12 and vitamine B6 were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05); they were potentially associated with pancreatic cancer (P<0.25), but were not significant risk factors (P>0.05). The consumptions of vegetables, fruits, white meat and milk in case group was significantly less in the pancreatic cancer group than in the control group (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the odds ratios (95% CI) of plasma folic acid, vitamin B6, and homocysteine for pancreatic cancer were 0.571 (0.383-0.851), 0.750 (0.557-1.011), and 1.514 (0.986-2.326), respectively. Conclusion: Increased plasma folic acid can decrease the risk of pancreatic cancer. Plasma vitamin B6 might be a protective factor and homocysteine might be a risk factor of pancreatic cancer.

OBJECTIVETo observe the difference in clinical efficacy on focal vitiligo treated with heat-sensitive moxibustion in comparison with medication, and discuss its effect mechanism.

METHODSSixty-eight cases were randomized into a moxibustion group (38 cases) and a medication group (30 cases). Additionally, 20 healthy persons were selected randomly as a normal group. In the moxibustion group, the heat-sensitive moxibustion was applied to Hegu(LI 4), Quchi(LI 11), Yanglingquan(GB 34), Zusanli(ST 36), Xuehai(SP 10) and the others, once a day. In the medication group, triamcinolone acetonide cream was used externally and locally, twice a day. In the two groups, the treatment of 15 days made one session. The efficacy was observed after continuous treatment for 3 sessions. The hemorheology test was done in all of the subjects. The radioimmunoassay was adopted to determine the levels of Interleukin 2 (IL-2), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in vitiligo patients were higher significantly than those in the normal group (P<0. 01, P<0. 05), the level of IL-2 was lower significantly than that in the normal group (P<0. 01) before treatment. After 3 sessions treatment, IL-2 level was increased significantly in the moxibustion group and the levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha were reduced, without significant differences as compared with the normal group (all P>0. 05). But the differences were significant as compared with those in the medication group (all P<0. 05). The curative and remarkably effective rate was 76. 3% (29/38) after treatment in the moxibustion group, which was higher significantly than 13. 3% (4/30, P<0. 05) in the medication group.

CONCLUSIONHeat-sensitive moxibustion achieves very good clinical efficacy on focal vitiligo, which is probably via promoting blood circulation and regulating the levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Triamcinolone Acetonide ; administration & dosage ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vitiligo ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Young Adult

Cytomegalovirus Infections ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; etiology

Objective: To explore the effect of activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) on cell cycle arrest of gastric carcinoma cell line MGC803. Methods: The inhibitory effect of pioglitazone (PGZ) on proliferation of MGC803 cells was analyzed by MTT assay. Cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The protein expression of PPARγ, cyclinD1 and cell cycle protein-dependent kinase CDK4 in MGC803 cells was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Treatment with 0.1-10 μmol/L, PGZ for 96 h significantly inhibited cell proliferation. The proportion of MGC803 cells at G1 phase was significantly increased when treated with 10 μmol/L PGZ for 48, 72 and 96 h, and showed an apparent G1 phase arrest. The expression of PPARγ was at a low level in MGC803 cells and significantly up-regulated when treated with 10 μmol/L, PGZ for 48 h (P < 0.01). The expression of CDK4 in MGC803 cells was significantly down-regulated when treated with 10 μmol/L, PGZ for 96 h (P < 0.01) and the expression of cyclinD1 was slightly down-regulated. Conclusion: Activation of PPARγ significantly induces G1 phase arrest, which is associated with down-regulation of the expression of CDK4 and cyclinD1.