No abstract available.
Blepharoplasty*

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive*

INTRODUCTION: In this study, we compared sleep structure, EEG characteristic of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and normal controls which were matched in sex and age. METHODS: Fifteen children (male:female=4:11) who complained snoring and were suspected to have sleep apnea and their age and sex matched normal controls (male:female=5:10) have been done nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG). Sleep parameters, sleep apnea variables and relative spectral components of EEG from NPSG have been compared between both groups. RESULTS: Pediatric OSA group were distinguished from normal controls in terms of apnea index, respiratory disturbance index and nadir of oxyhemoglobulin desaturation. Pediatric OSA group showed increased percent of sleep stage 1, decreased rapid eye movement sleep percent and increased delta power in O1 EEG channel. However other sleep parameters and spectral powers were not different between two groups. CONCLUSION: In pediatric OSA group, sleep structure parameter disruption may be not prominent as the previous studies for adult OSA group because of including mild OSA data in diagnostic criteria. In addition, EEG changes might not be distinct due to low arousal index compared to adult OSA patients. We can observe general characteristics and particularity of pediatric OSA through this study.
Adult ; Apnea ; Arousal ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Sleep Stages ; Sleep, REM ; Snoring

BACKGROUND: A presumptive diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis can be made on the basis of patients' history, clinical and histologic findings. However, isolation of Mycobacerum tuberculosis is required for a definitive diagnosis and confirmation can be difficult with traditional techniques, including the direct visualization in tissue and growth in culture. OBJECTIVE: We used polymerase chain reaction(PCR) for the detection of mycobacterial DNA from routinely prepared formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin specimens to evaluate its usefulness as a diagnostic tool. METHOD: We studied typical cases of localized cutaneous tuberculosis. Ten paraffin-embedded biopsy samples obtained from 2 patients with scrofuloderma, lupus vulgaris and tuberculosis verrucosa cutis were analyzed by PCR, respectively. RESULTS: M. tuerculosis DNA was demonstrated in all 10 specimens. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the PCR will be a useful method for the confirmation of the diagnosis in localized cutaneous tuberculosis and many skin lesions thought to be related to M. tuberculosis infection.
Biopsy* ; Diagnosis ; DNA* ; Humans ; Lupus Vulgaris ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Paraffin* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Skin* ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Cutaneous*

No abstract available.
Fertilization in Vitro* ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone*

The authors analysed 196 cases of convulsive disorder in children who were admitted to the pediatric department of Kyunghee Hospital from June 1993. Blood samples were drawn immediately following seizures on arrival. Serum prolactin values were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Mean serum prolactin value was 55.4+/-20.8ng/ml in generalized seizures within 1 hr following seizures, 22.5+/-3.9ng/ml in partial seizures. There was a significant difference between generalized scizures and partial scizures (p<0.05). 2) Mean serum prolactin value was 23.5+/-9.7ng/ml in generalized seizures within 1~3 hrs following seizures, 10.4+/-4.9ng/ml in partial seizures. There was a significant difference between generalized seizures and partial seizures (p<0.05). 3) Mean serum prolactin value was 9.5+/-4.4ng/ml in generalized seizures 3 hrs following seizures, 9.8+/-4.8ng/ml in partial seizures. There was no significant difference between generalized seizures and partial seizures (p>0.05). We found transient hyperprolactinemia following generalized seizures but a little change following gartial seizures. Postictal elevation of serum prolactin may represent a biochemical marker of generalized and partial seizures.
Biomarkers ; Child ; Humans ; Hyperprolactinemia ; Prolactin* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Seizures

Immunosuppressive therapy based on the use of antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) has become standard therapy for patients with splastic anemia who are not eligible for bone marrow transplantation. In this study, T cell subsets before and after ALG therapy, hematologic responses, complications and prognostic factors were analysed. Eleven (42%) out of twenty-six patients treated with ALG showed response, but two patients showed relapse. Most of the response (9 cases) was noticed within 6 months after the initiation of ALG therapy (median: 3 months). The main complications of ALG therapy were fever (91%), thrombocytopenia (86%), neutropenia (63%), and serum sickness (56%). Four patients were died just ALG therapy because of serum sickness (2 cases), intracranial hemorrhage (1 case), and shock (1 case). Short interval from diagnosis to treatment suggested to show good response (P=0.0575), but it was not significant statistically. Lymphocyte subsets were measured in the blood of 23 patients. Helper T/suppressor T cell ratio (T4/T8 ratio) at the initiation of ALG therapy (day 0) was higher significantly in patients who were responded (P=0.0299). The patients who showed above 1.0 of T4/T8 ratio on day 0 might be speculated good response (P=0.032). More difference of T4/T8 ratio between day 14 after ALG therapy and day 0 might show good response (P=0.0673). Then the actuarial probability of survival at 3 years in patients treated with ALG was 77%. Our data suggest that ALG therapy may be used as an alternative treatment to bone marrow transplantation, and T4/T8 ration of peripheral blood at the initiation of therapy may be used as one of the prognostic factors.
Anemia ; Anemia, Aplastic* ; Antilymphocyte Serum* ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Neutropenia ; Recurrence ; Serum Sickness ; Shock ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; Thrombocytopenia

A 52-year-old man with multiple myeloma developed cutaneous nodules while being treated with melphalan and prednisolone. A biopsy specimen showed dermal infiltration by well differentiated plasma cells similar to those found on bone marrow biopsy. The use of peroxidase anti-peroxidase to demonstrate the monoclonality or polyclonality of the cytomplasmic immunoglohulins in the tumor cells revealed a positivity for IgG and 1 chain (ie, monotypic staining). Ultrastructurally, each plasmacytoma cell contained varyting amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi-apparatus. The cutnneous nodules completely disappeared after radiotherapy
Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Melphalan ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Peroxidase ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmacytoma* ; Prednisolone ; Radiotherapy

The study was undertaken to clarify any quantitative abnormalities in peripheral blood T lymphocytes and T subsets, mediating cell meliated immunity, and the presence of any relation between the degree of quantitative abnormalities and extent of skin lesions and activity of disease in patients with psoriasis by monoclonal antibodies. The results were as follows. 1. Mean percentages of total and suppressor T lymphocytes in 39 patients with psoriasis are significantly decreased as compared with those in 32 controls. Mean ratio of percentage of helper T lymphocytes to that of suppressor Tlymphocytes in 39 patients with psoriasis are significantly increased as compared with that in 32 controls. 2, As classified into three groups according to extent of skin lesions (E: less than 5% E,: 5-30%, and E,: more than 30%), mean pereentages of total T lymphocytes in E, and E, psoriasis group and those of suppressor T lymphocytes in all three psoriasi., groups are significantly decreased as compared with those in controIs. Mean percentages of helper T lymphor,ytes in L psoriasis group and mean ratios of percentage of helper T lymphocytes to that of suppressor T lymphocytes in E, and E, psoriasis groups are significantly increased as compared with those in controls. 3. Cis classified into three groups according to activity of disease (A,: stationary, A,: active, peripherally spreading and A,: active, small papules spreading), mean percentage of total T lymphocytes in peripheral blood lymphocytes in A, psoriasis group and those of suppressor T lymphocytes in all three psoriasis group are significantly decreased as compared with those in controls. Mean percentages of helper T lymphocytes and mean ratios of percentage if helper T lymphocytes to that of suppressor T lymphocytes in A, and A, psorixsis groups are significantly increased as compared with those in controls. These results clarified that there are quantitative abnormalities in peripheral blood I' lymphocytes and T subsets in patients with psoriasis and the degrees of abnorrnalities are related to extent of skin lesions and activity of disease. The aanorrnalities in peri.pheral blood T lymphocytes and T subsets in patients with psoriasis seem to be attributed to primary defect of suppressor T lymphoytes.
Antibodies* ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Negotiating ; Psoriasis* ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes*

Management of the bulbous nasal tip with inadequate projection and drooping is challenging aesthetic plastic surgery. The bulbous nasal tip is influenced by several factors; 1) thick, non-elastic oily skin, 2) soft tissue bulkiness due to supratip fibrous fatty tissue, and 3) a wide intercrural angle or increased interdormal distance. Another common factor among caucasians, hypertrophic alar cartilage, is seen less in orientals. These variable factors can be corrected with various surgical maneuvers for proper tip projection and refined alar shape. All these procedures are performed through open rhinoplasty incision. The fibromuscular fatty tissue on the nasal tip is resected with subdermal tangential excision without violating the detmal blood supply. The proximal part of the lateral crus, dome and the part of medial crus which was isolated from the skin and nasal mucosa are replaced and plicated in midline in the role of a new columellar strut and skeletal support. If more skeletal supports are desired, the new columellar is reinforced with a silicone strut and conchal cartilage onlay grafts are applied. And for lengthening of the columella, a V-Y advancement incision on the columellar base with open rhinoplasty is applied. The pressure splint on the upper third of the columella and nasal tip is applied on the 7th postoperative day and maintained for two months. All procedures are focused on the preservation of catilaginous integrity and in providing skeletal support. We performed nasal tip plasty on the bulbous nasal tip and its simple technique and predictability resulted in improved nasal tip projection and contour.
Adipose Tissue ; Cartilage ; Inlays ; Nasal Mucosa ; Rhinoplasty ; Silicones ; Skin ; Splints ; Surgery, Plastic ; Transplants