Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Purpose: To assess the prognostic value of the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic immune-inflammation response index (SIRI) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). Materials and Methods: One hundred seven patients were retrospectively enrolled. Chi-square (χ 2 ) tests were adopted to assess the association of the inflammatory ratios and indexes to clinical risk factors. Overall survival (OS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), local, lymph node, and contralateral recurrence-free survival (RFS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method and the corresponding curves were compared using log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis were performed using general linear models to identify risk factors for prognosis. Results: NLR, MLR, PLR, SII, and SIRI were predictive of OS (p=0.024, p=0.025, p=0.004, p=0.006, and p=0.03, respectively). Besides, PLR was predictive of local (p<0.001) and lymph node RFS (p=0.014) and SII was associated to lymph node and contralateral RFS prediction (p=0.034 and p=0.023, respectively). All candidate markers adding high NLR+high MLR+high PLR combination were independent risk factors of OS. PLR was an independent risk factor of local and lymph node RFS whereas the above cited combination and NLR were independent prognosticators of local and contralateral RFS respectively. All markers were correlated to poor postoperative clinical characteristics mainly pathological grade (p<0.05). Conclusions Preoperative NLR, MLR, PLR, SII, and SIRI were associated with higher pathologic features and worse oncological outcomes in patients treated with RNU for UTUC.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Objective: The objective of our study was to characterize the sperm parameters of men consulting for infertility in our fertility center. Methods: The study included 3,025 patients investigated from September 2021 to July 2023. Demographic data, infertility risk factors, and the primary or secondary nature of infertility were recorded for each patient. The sperm parameters were analyzed according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (2021). Results: The average age of the patients was 40 years. The average duration of infertility was 5.5 years. Primary infertility was noted in 2,736 patients (88.97%). The most common risk factors for infertility were occupational exposure, followed by varicocele. Lifestyle factors associated with male infertility included smoking (24.29%), alcohol consumption (12.49%), and high temperature exposure (30.08%). Spermogram abnormalities were observed in 78.71% of cases. Spermocytogram abnormalities were found in 63.1% of cases. Sperm count, morphology, total motility, and vitality below WHO (2021) reference values were found in 25.60%, 34.13%, 32.29%, and 62.46% of the analyzed samples, respectively. Seminal fluid analysis revealed oligozoospermia in 29.07% of cases, asthenozoospermia in 24.68%, and azoospermia in 17.56%. Oligo-astheno-necrospermia was the most frequently observed combined abnormality (10.0%). Conclusion This study showed a high rate of abnormal semen quality in male partners of infertile couples. Male infertility is often multifactorial and results in quantitative and/or qualitative sperm abnormalities.

Objective: Recently, oral antioxidants in combined forms have been used to treat men with idiopathic infertility. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of treatment with vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, arginine, L-carnitine, and coenzyme Q10 on sperm quality parameters, DNA integrity, reproductive hormones, and pregnancy rates in men with infertility and idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 420 men with infertility and idiopathic OAT who took an oral supplement of antioxidant SP-Power tablets twice daily for 6 months. Semen quality, reproductive hormones, and the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were evaluated at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after supplementation, using the World Health Organization 2021 guidelines. Results: No significant difference was observed in volume or the percentage of typical morphology during treatment. A significant improvement in sperm concentration was observed after supplementation (8.67±1.41, 12.17±1.91, and 19.01±0.86 at baseline, 3, and 6 months respectively, p<0.01). The total motility, progressive motility, and total motile sperm count also increased significantly (p<0.01), whereas the DFI decreased after 6 months. There was an increase in normal FSH levels and testosterone levels after 6 months of supplementation of antioxidant SP-Power but these differences were not statistically significant (p=not significant and p=0.06, respectively). Conclusion Supplementation with SP-Power tablets improved sperm quality parameters, sperm DFI, some reproductive hormones, and pregnancy rates in men with infertility and idiopathic OAT, which could be attributed to the supplement’s synergistic antioxidant action. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of supplementation on oxidative stress markers.