Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of medication therapy combined with transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in improving problem-solving and emotion regulation abilities of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) type I. Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial conducted on 30 patients with BD I, randomly assigned into two groups of Medication (n = 15, receiving mood stabilizers including 2−5 tablets of lithium 300 mg, sodium valproate 200 mg, and carbamazepine 200 mg) and Medication + tDCS (n = 15, receiving mood stabilizers plus tDCS with 2 mA intensity over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 10 days, two sessions per day each for 20 minutes). The Tower of London (TOL) test and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) were used for assessments before, immediately, and 3 months after interventions. Results: There was a significant difference between groups in total ERQ (p = 0.001) and its cognitive reappraisal domain (p = 0.000) which were increased, but the difference was not significant in its expressive suppression domain (p ＞ 0.05). After 3 months, their level decreased. In examining problem-solving variable, the combined therapy could significantly reduce only the total number of errors under TOL test (p = 0.00), but it remained unchanged after 3 months. Conclusion Medication therapy plus tDCS is effective in improving problem-solving and emotional regulation (cognitive reappraisal) skills of patients with BD I.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of a stress coping scale for predicting perceived psychological traumatic childbirth in mothers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 400 new mothers (within 48 hours of childbirth). Psychological traumatic childbirth was evaluated using the 4 diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Coping was measured using Moss and Billings' Stress Coping Strategies Scale. RESULTS: The overall mean score of stress coping was 29 ± 14.2. There were 193 (43.8%) mothers that had experienced a psychological traumatic childbirth. A stress coping score ≤ 30, with a sensitivity of 90.16 (95% CI = 85.1–94.0), and a specificity of 87.44 (95% CI = 82.1–91.6), was determined as a predictor of psychological traumatic childbirth. So that among mothers with stress coping scores ≤ 30, 87% had experienced a psychological traumatic childbirth. CONCLUSION: Investigating the degree of coping with stress can be used as an accurate diagnostic tool for psychological traumatic childbirth. It is recommended that during pregnancy, problem-solving and stress management training programs be used as psychological interventions for mothers with low levels of stress control. This will ensure that they can better cope with traumatic childbirth and post-traumatic stress in the postpartum stage.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Education ; Humans ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, heterogeneous clinical syndrome affecting women. Investigating oxidative stress in women is crucial, as it is linked to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Chlorogenic acid, a bioactive component found in greencoffee, has numerous documented health benefits. This study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of green coffee consumption on paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levelsin women with PCOS. Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that included 44 patients withPCOS. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. For 6 weeks, the intervention group (n = 22) received 400 mg of green coffee supplements, while the control group (n = 22) received 400 mg of a starch-based placebo. Anthropometric indices, dietary assessments, and physical activity levels were evaluated before and after the 6-week intervention period. Additionally, blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis. Results: Supplementation with green coffee increased PON-1 levels by 3.5 units, a significant finding (p = 0.038). Additionally, the intake of green coffee supplements significantly reduced blood cholesterol levels by 18.8 units (p = 0.013) and triglyceride levels by 6.1 units (p = 0.053). However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of MDA, high-density lipoprotein, low-densitylipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, insulin, or homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance as a result of the intervention. Conclusion Supplementation with green coffee alters PON-1 activity and cholesterol levels in women with PCOS. However, it has no significant impact on MDA levels or glycemic status.

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, heterogeneous clinical syndrome affecting women. Investigating oxidative stress in women is crucial, as it is linked to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Chlorogenic acid, a bioactive component found in greencoffee, has numerous documented health benefits. This study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of green coffee consumption on paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levelsin women with PCOS. Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that included 44 patients withPCOS. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. For 6 weeks, the intervention group (n = 22) received 400 mg of green coffee supplements, while the control group (n = 22) received 400 mg of a starch-based placebo. Anthropometric indices, dietary assessments, and physical activity levels were evaluated before and after the 6-week intervention period. Additionally, blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis. Results: Supplementation with green coffee increased PON-1 levels by 3.5 units, a significant finding (p = 0.038). Additionally, the intake of green coffee supplements significantly reduced blood cholesterol levels by 18.8 units (p = 0.013) and triglyceride levels by 6.1 units (p = 0.053). However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of MDA, high-density lipoprotein, low-densitylipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, insulin, or homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance as a result of the intervention. Conclusion Supplementation with green coffee alters PON-1 activity and cholesterol levels in women with PCOS. However, it has no significant impact on MDA levels or glycemic status.

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, heterogeneous clinical syndrome affecting women. Investigating oxidative stress in women is crucial, as it is linked to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Chlorogenic acid, a bioactive component found in greencoffee, has numerous documented health benefits. This study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of green coffee consumption on paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levelsin women with PCOS. Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that included 44 patients withPCOS. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. For 6 weeks, the intervention group (n = 22) received 400 mg of green coffee supplements, while the control group (n = 22) received 400 mg of a starch-based placebo. Anthropometric indices, dietary assessments, and physical activity levels were evaluated before and after the 6-week intervention period. Additionally, blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis. Results: Supplementation with green coffee increased PON-1 levels by 3.5 units, a significant finding (p = 0.038). Additionally, the intake of green coffee supplements significantly reduced blood cholesterol levels by 18.8 units (p = 0.013) and triglyceride levels by 6.1 units (p = 0.053). However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of MDA, high-density lipoprotein, low-densitylipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, insulin, or homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance as a result of the intervention. Conclusion Supplementation with green coffee alters PON-1 activity and cholesterol levels in women with PCOS. However, it has no significant impact on MDA levels or glycemic status.

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, heterogeneous clinical syndrome affecting women. Investigating oxidative stress in women is crucial, as it is linked to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Chlorogenic acid, a bioactive component found in greencoffee, has numerous documented health benefits. This study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of green coffee consumption on paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levelsin women with PCOS. Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that included 44 patients withPCOS. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. For 6 weeks, the intervention group (n = 22) received 400 mg of green coffee supplements, while the control group (n = 22) received 400 mg of a starch-based placebo. Anthropometric indices, dietary assessments, and physical activity levels were evaluated before and after the 6-week intervention period. Additionally, blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis. Results: Supplementation with green coffee increased PON-1 levels by 3.5 units, a significant finding (p = 0.038). Additionally, the intake of green coffee supplements significantly reduced blood cholesterol levels by 18.8 units (p = 0.013) and triglyceride levels by 6.1 units (p = 0.053). However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of MDA, high-density lipoprotein, low-densitylipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, insulin, or homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance as a result of the intervention. Conclusion Supplementation with green coffee alters PON-1 activity and cholesterol levels in women with PCOS. However, it has no significant impact on MDA levels or glycemic status.

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, heterogeneous clinical syndrome affecting women. Investigating oxidative stress in women is crucial, as it is linked to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. Chlorogenic acid, a bioactive component found in greencoffee, has numerous documented health benefits. This study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of green coffee consumption on paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levelsin women with PCOS. Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that included 44 patients withPCOS. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. For 6 weeks, the intervention group (n = 22) received 400 mg of green coffee supplements, while the control group (n = 22) received 400 mg of a starch-based placebo. Anthropometric indices, dietary assessments, and physical activity levels were evaluated before and after the 6-week intervention period. Additionally, blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis. Results: Supplementation with green coffee increased PON-1 levels by 3.5 units, a significant finding (p = 0.038). Additionally, the intake of green coffee supplements significantly reduced blood cholesterol levels by 18.8 units (p = 0.013) and triglyceride levels by 6.1 units (p = 0.053). However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of MDA, high-density lipoprotein, low-densitylipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, insulin, or homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance as a result of the intervention. Conclusion Supplementation with green coffee alters PON-1 activity and cholesterol levels in women with PCOS. However, it has no significant impact on MDA levels or glycemic status.

Hydatid cyst caused by Echinococcus granulosus is one of the most important parasitic diseases around the world and many countries in Asia, including Iran, are involved with this infection. This disease can cause high mortality in humans as well as economic losses in livestock. To date, several molecular methods have been used to determine the genetic diversity of E. granulosus. So far, identification of E. granulosus using real-time PCR fluorescence-based quantitative assays has not been studied worldwide, also in Iran. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of E. granulosus from center of Iran using real-time PCR method. A total of 71 hydatid cysts were collected from infected sheep, goat, and cattle slaughtered in Isfahan, Iran during 2013. DNA was extracted from protoscolices and/or germinal layers from each individual cyst and used as template to amplify the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) (420 bp). Five cattle isolates out of 71 isolates were sterile and excluded from further investigation. Overall, of 66 isolates, partial sequences of the cox1 gene of E. granulosus indicated the presence of genotypes G1 in 49 isolates (74.2%), G3 in 15 isolates (22.7%), and G6 in 2 isolates (3.0%) in infected intermediate hosts. Sixteen sequences of G1 genotype had microgenetic variants, and they were compared to the original sequence of cox1. However, isolates identified as G3 and G6 genotypes were completely consistent with original sequences. G1 genotype in livestock was the dominant genotype in Isfahan region, Iran.
Animals ; Cattle ; Cluster Analysis ; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics ; Echinococcosis/parasitology/*veterinary ; Echinococcus granulosus/*classification/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics ; *Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Goats ; Iran ; Phylogeny ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sheep