1.Administration and Efficiency Comparison of Chloral Hydrate during Pediatric Sedation.
Jung Ah BAE ; Yoon Hee CHOI ; Ah Jin KIM ; Sun Hwa LEE
Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology 2016;14(1):9-15
PURPOSE: In most emergency department (ED), sedation is required before carrying out an invasive procedure on a pediatric patient. In the ED setting, it is essential to determine the optimal dose and administration route of CH for successful sedation. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal dose of CH for an invasive procedure and to examine the effectiveness of the drug's different administration routes. Furthermore, in this study, we performed simple survey using questionnaire which composed of Likert-scale to evaluate satisfaction of medical staffs in ED with administration routes. METHODS: This study was conducted prospectively. The study participants were pediatric patients under 8 years old who visited the ED in two tertiary hospitals in South Korea within a period of 12 months. RESULTS: Overall, 300 patients were included in this study. The age, sex, and weight of the patients were not shown to influence the sedation time. Chloral hydrate dosage is the independent factor to influence the both sedation and discharge time (p<0.01). In the comparison of the groups, groups 1, 2, and 5 showed no significant difference. On the other hand, groups 3 and 4 were shown to be statistically significantly different from group 1. CONCLUSION: Up to 100 mg/kg CH is safe to use in the emergency department for pediatric patients, but the initial dose of 50 mg/kg for oral administration should be considered in advance because it can provide safe and effective sedation with a lower possibility of causing an adverse effect.
Administration, Oral
;
Chloral Hydrate*
;
Deep Sedation
;
Emergency Service, Hospital
;
Hand
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Medical Staff
;
Prospective Studies
;
Tertiary Care Centers
2.Trichoblastic Fibroma: A Pathologic Analysis of 4 Cases.
Ah Won LEE ; Ji Han JUNG ; Jin Young YOO ; Seok Jin KANG ; Byung Kee KIM
Korean Journal of Pathology 2000;34(8):574-580
Trichoblastic fibroma is a benign trichogenic tumor that has both epithelial and mesenchymal components and exhibits partial follicular induction. We studied 4 cases of trichoblastic fibroma and reviewed their clinical and histologic features. Two tumors were present in the face. The remaining two were in the vulva and perianal area, respectively. The age of the patients ranged from 53 to 68 years, with an average age of 62. All were female. Histologically, the lesions showed a well circumscribed mass, located at dermo-subcutaneous junction in three patients and subcutaneous in one. They demonstrated mesenchymal induction evidenced by hair germ-like structure and perifollicular sheath. There was no connection between the tumor and epidermis. Differentiation toward hair structure led to the formation of the infundibulum through inner root sheath. Trichoblastic fibroma may be confused clinically and/or histologically with basal cell carcinoma. Identification of the mixed epithelial and mesenchymal components, and the absence of epidermal connection and cleft within the stroma are important in differentiating this benign neoplasm from basal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell
;
Epidermis
;
Female
;
Fibroma*
;
Hair
;
Humans
;
Vulva
3.Telomerase Activity in Cervical Cancer.
Kyung Ah LEE ; Tae Kee JANG ; Young Jin JANG ; Young Gi LEE ; Doo Jin LEE ; Sung Ho LEE
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2000;43(2):260-267
OBJECTIVE: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes TTAGGG repeats onto chromosome ends. The expression of telomerase is thought to be required for cellular immortality and carcinogenesis. This study was conducted to examine the telomerase activation occurs in cervical carcinogenesis. METHODS: The standard telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP) was used to examine telomerase activity in tissues of 10 normal cervix, 10 carcinoma in situ, and 21 invasive cervical carcinoma. RESULTS: Telomerase activity was detected in tissues of 16/21(76.2%) invasive carcinoma, in 5/10(50.0%) carcinoma in situ, and in 3/10(30.0%) normal cervix. But the degree of telomerase activity in normal cervix was weak. There was significant difference in 3 groups(p<0.05). The results of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 10 invasive cervical carcinoma were as follows. In 8 cases of which tumor size decreased more than 50%, 5 were positive for telomerase. In 2 cases that didn't respond to chemotherapy by tumor size, 1 was positive for telomerase. There was no significant difference between 2 groups. All of the 5 cases that had pelvic lymph node metastasis revealed positive telomerase activity, and the 11 cases of 16 cases that didn't have pelvic lymph node metastasis were positive for telomerase, but there was no significant difference in 2 groups. The positivity of telomerase activity in clinical stage of invasive cervical carcinoma was 73.3% in stage I(11/15), 75.0% in stage II(3/4), 100% in stage III(1/1), and 100% in stage IV(1/1), but there was no significant difference in each stages. CONCLUSION: Telomerase seems to be uniquely associated with malignant transformation of cervix and can be used as a tumor marker. Additional studies are needed to better clarify the biological significance of telomerase expression in cervical tumorigenesis.
Carcinogenesis
;
Carcinoma in Situ
;
Cervix Uteri
;
Drug Therapy
;
Female
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Ribonucleoproteins
;
Telomerase*
;
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*
4.A Study on the Effect of Combination Therapy with Anti - Thrombin III and Gabexate Mesilate in Premature Infants for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation.
Jin A JUNG ; Young Ah LEE ; Young Ho LEE ; Ahn Hong CHOI
Journal of the Korean Society of Neonatology 1999;6(1):71-77
PURPOSE: Both antithrombin III(ATIII) and Gabexate mesilate(Foy) are effective for the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC). However, their mechanisms of action are slightly different, and combined effect of ATIII and Foy in premature infant with DIC has not been studied. We evaluated therapeutic efficacy of treatments with either ATIII or Foy alone or both in combination. METHODS: We studied 23 premature infants of gestational ages between 30 and 36 weeks with DIC. Group A(n=10) was treated by ATIII only, Group B(n=7) by Foy only and Group C(n=6) by both ATIII and Foy. Three groups were compared for volume of blood sampling and transfusion and hematologic data. RESULTS: Improvement of hematologic data(platelet, PT, aPTT, fibrinogen, FDP) was not significantly different among 3 groups. The mean volume of blood sampling during 5 days of treatment was 30 mL, 22.5 mL, and 30 mL, respectively. The mean volume of packed RBC transfusion was 12.8 mL, 9 mL, and 2.5 mL, respectively: and mean volume of platelet transfusion was 25.9 mL, 10 mL, and 0 mL, respectively, showing no significant statistical difference. But the mean volume of FFP transfusion was 141 mL only in group B, significantly higher compared to other groups. CONCLUSION: The combination therapy of ATIII and Foy significantly decreased the volume of FFP transfusion and may be more effective than monotherapy with ATIII or Foy alone in DIC of premature infant.
Dacarbazine
;
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation*
;
Fibrinogen
;
Gabexate*
;
Gestational Age
;
Humans
;
Infant, Newborn
;
Infant, Premature*
;
Platelet Transfusion
;
Thrombin*
5.Necrotizing Vasculitis of the Gallbladder: A case report.
Ah Won LEE ; Youn Soo LEE ; Seok Jin KANG ; Byung Kee KIM ; Sang In SHIM
Korean Journal of Pathology 1999;33(4):292-294
We report a case of necrotizing arteritis involving the gallbladder. This case was clinically diagnosed as cholelithiasis with cholecystitis, and necrotizing arteritis was found in the surgically resected specimen. Vascular changes were similar to those seen in classic polyarteritis nodosa, involving medium-sized muscular arteries and characterized by fibrinoid necrosis and panarterial and periarterial inflammation varying from active to resolving stages. Acute cholecystitis is a rare initial clinical manifestation of the systemic vasculitis. If acute cholecystitis is found in the absence of obvious cause, careful examination is essential. Since steroid therapy improves the prognosis in the systemic vasculitis, clinicians and pathologists should be aware of this unusual lesion.
Arteries
;
Cholecystitis
;
Cholecystitis, Acute
;
Cholelithiasis
;
Gallbladder*
;
Inflammation
;
Necrosis
;
Polyarteritis Nodosa
;
Prognosis
;
Systemic Vasculitis
;
Vasculitis*
6.Identification of Oocyte-Specific Diva-Associated Proteins using Mass Spectrometry.
Se Jin YOON ; Jung Woong KIM ; Kyung Hee CHOI ; Sook Hwan LEE ; Kyung Ah LEE
Korean Journal of Fertility and Sterility 2006;33(3):189-198
OBJECTIVE: We previously described that Diva is highly expressed in matured metaphase II (MII) oocytes compared to immature germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes in mouse.1 We report here that the expression of Diva transcript as well as protein is oocyte-specific. To elucidate its physiological role in oocyte, the binding partner(s) of Diva has been identified by using immunoprecipitation (IP) followed by Mass Spectrometry. METHODS: NIH/3T3 cells were transiently transfected for 24 h with either empty vector for control or FLAG-tagged mouse Diva construct, and IP was performed with anti-FLAG antibody. The immuno-isolated complexes were resolved by SDS-PAGE on a 12% gel followed by Coomassie Blue staining. For in-gel digestion, 15 bands of interest were excised manually and digested with trypsin. All mass spectra were acquired at a positive reflector mode by a 4700 Proteomics Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Framingham, MA). Proteins were identified by searching the NCBI nonredundant database using MASCOT Peptide Mass Fingerprint software (Matrixscience, London). RESULTS: Diva-associated complexes were formed in FLAG-tagged mouse Diva-overexpressed NIH/3T3 cells via IP using anti-FLAG-conjugated beads. Among the excised 15 bands, actin and actin-binding proteins such as tropomyosin, tropomodulin 3, and alpha-actinin were identified. Binding between Diva and actin or tropomyosin was confirmed by IP followed by Western blot analysis. Both bindings were also detected endogenously in mouse ovaries, indicating that Diva works with actin and tropomyosin. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report that immuno-isolated Diva-associated complexes are related to actin filament of the cytoskeletal system. When we consider the association of Diva with actin and tropomyosin, oocyte-specific Diva may play a role in modulating the cytoskeletal system during oocyte maturation.
Actin Cytoskeleton
;
Actinin
;
Actins
;
Animals
;
Blotting, Western
;
Dermatoglyphics
;
Digestion
;
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
;
Female
;
Immunoprecipitation
;
Mass Spectrometry*
;
Metaphase
;
Mice
;
Microfilament Proteins
;
Oocytes
;
Ovary
;
Proteomics
;
Tropomodulin
;
Tropomyosin
;
Trypsin
7.Effects of Preoperative NPO and Oral Fluid on Gastric Fluid Volume and pH.
Jin Ho LEE ; Ah Young OH ; Seong Deok KIM
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1999;36(3):377-386
BACKGROUND: To reduce the risk of Mendelson's syndrome, it is customary to fast patients for 8 hours before anesthesia. However preoperative fast is unpleasant for patients, who complain frequently of thirst and dry mouth, and this conventional fast may be over-cautious. We have studied the effect of ingestion of barley tea, a Korean popular beverage, 3 hours before anesthesia on gastric contents (volume and pH), blood sugar level, thirst, and anxiety. METHODS: We studied prospectively 284 adult patients undergoing elective surgery. The patients in the control group (n=142) fasted for at least 8 hours, and those in the experimental group (n=142) received 250 ml of barley tea 3 hours before anesthesia. On arrival in the operating room, subjects were asked to assess thirst and anxiety. After induction of anesthesia, gastric contents were aspirated via 18 French Salem sump tube and gastric volume, pH and blood sugar level were measured. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in gastric fluid volume and pH and blood sugar level between control and experimental groups. However, patients in experimental group complained of less thirst than those in control group. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that in adult patients undergoing elective surgery, allowing patients to drink 250 ml of barley tea until 3 hours before anesthesia may relieve patients from thirst without compromising safety.
Adult
;
Anesthesia
;
Anesthesia, General
;
Anxiety
;
Beverages
;
Blood Glucose
;
Eating
;
Hordeum
;
Humans
;
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration*
;
Mouth
;
Operating Rooms
;
Pneumonia, Aspiration
;
Prospective Studies
;
Tea
;
Thirst
8.Two cases of doxorubicin-induced dilated cardiomyopathy.
Jin Won PARK ; Kyeong Ah LEE ; Yong Woon PAIK ; Hyun Kee CHUNG ; Jae Sun PARK
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 1992;35(6):822-828
No abstract available.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated*
;
Doxorubicin
9.The Effect on Onset Time of Warming Local Anesthetic for Caudal Block.
Ji Ah LEE ; Soo Jin CHUNG ; Sang Bo HAN ; Tae Ho CHUNG ; Chung Hwan PARK
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1997;33(6):1098-1102
BACKGROUND: One of the main disadvantages of caudal block is the long latent period before a satisfactory blockade is obtained. Many investigators have used various preparations of local anesthetic solutions to improve the speed of onset. This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of prewarming of lidocaine HCl for caudal block. METHODS: Fifty healthy young patients (ASA I) were allocated into two groups, A and B. In group A, the local anesthetic solution were injected at room temperature (25 degrees C), while in group B, they were injected at 37oC. All the caudal block were performed using 2% lidocaine HCl 20 ml with fentanyl 100ug and epinephrine 1:200,000. The onset time was defined as the period from completion of injection until the patient first noticed loss of sensation to pin-prick on perianal region. Assessment of sensory loss was made at 15 seconds interval. We have compared the onset of sensory blockade between groups. The duration of analgesia and any significant side effects were also recorded. RESULTS: The onset of sensory blockade was significantly faster in group B (3.5 +/- 0.5 minutes) than group A (6.2 +/- 0.9 minutes). The duration of analgesia were not significantly changed between groups. Side effects of urinary retention, pruritus and nausea were noted between both groups but the difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: We have found that the onset time was 44% faster with warm lidocaine-fentanyl mixture (37 degrees C) than with the room temperature (25 degrees C). The improved clinical usefulness was achieved with no increase in side effects. The technique is a safe and effective method to reduce the latency of onset.
Analgesia
;
Epinephrine
;
Fentanyl
;
Humans
;
Lidocaine
;
Nausea
;
Pruritus
;
Research Personnel
;
Sensation
;
Urinary Retention
10.Factors Affecting Problem Drinking in Korean College Women.
Jin Young PARK ; Sun Ah KIM ; Sangeun LEE
Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2017;26(3):291-300
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the level of problem drinking and assess factors that influence problem drinking in Korean college women. METHODS: The participants were 500 students who took part in a self-administered online survey. AUDIT, BDI-II, AES, PSS, and PES were included in the survey used in this study. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistic, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. RESULTS: The average score for AUDIT was 8.98±6.38 and the proportion of the problem drinking was 50.8%. Significant factors that influenced problem drinking were depression, alcohol expectations, age of first drink and family income. CONCLUSION: Findings from this study suggest that the need to develop nursing intervention programs for early prevention of excessive alcohol use and recovery for college women who have a drinking problem.
Depression
;
Drinking*
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Nursing