BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is an acquired disorder with destruction of melanocytes and clinically characterized by a progressive clinical course. OBJECTIVE: The significance of various epidemiological factors related to the progression of vitiligo were investigated. METHODS: A clinical study was done on 400 patients who had visited the Vitiligo Clinic of Severance Hospital. Questionaires regarding progression, sex, family history, clinical type, Koebner's isomorphic phenomenon, onset age, and duration of disease were recorded. RESULTS: There was significant progression of vitiligo in patients with family history, nonsegmental type, Koebner's isomorphic phenomenon and long duration. CONCLUSION: Some epidemiologic factors are relevant in predicting the progression of vitiligo.
Age of Onset ; Epidemiologic Factors ; Humans ; Melanocytes ; Vitiligo*

OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder with a bimodal pattern in age onset and treatment outcomes. This study attempted to ascertain the importance of the age factor for a better phenotypic precision. Therefore, the authors compared adult OCD patients with an early symptom onset to adult OCD patients with a later symptom onset. METHODS: One hundred sixty five patients with OCD were evaluated with semistructured interviews;79 with symptom onset before the age of 17 (early onset group) and 86 with symptom onset after the age of 17 (late onset group). The two groups were analyzed in terms of Y-BOCS (Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale) scores and demographic data including clinical variables. RESULTS: Early onset group has more comorbidity of tic disorder and lesser of depression and anxiety disorder than late onset group. Early onset group showed more family history of tic disorder than late onset group. The treatment response to SSRI is relatively declined after 18 months of initiation in early onset group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that age at onset may be an important factor in subtyping OCD. Early onset group may have more biological and familial tendency that might be differentiate the two groups.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Age of Onset ; Anxiety Disorders ; Comorbidity ; Depression ; Humans ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder* ; Tic Disorders

OBJECTIVE: This study examined gender differences on sociodemographic factor and clinical feature among patients with schizophrenia and the impact of family history on gender differences of clinical course and clinical characteristics. METHOD: Patients who admitted to Seoul National Mental Hospital from March 1996 to September 1996 and met the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia by DSM-N were studied. The number of patients was 177(92 men and 85 women), among them with family history of first degree relatives schizophrenia was 33(13 men 20 women). Sociodemographic factor, age of onset, duration of illness, number of admission, dosage of antipsychotics(chlorprormazine equivalent), past history of suicidal attempts and clinical symptoms assessed by Brief psychiatric Rating Scale(BFRS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) were compared by gender. Furthermore, gender differences of clinical features were compared by presene or absence of family history. RESULTS: There were no gender differences in education, religions, occupational status, family history, duration of illness, number of admission, dosage of drugs, suicidal attempts and clinical subtypes, but more female schizophrenic patients were married and age of onset was significantly earlier in male patients. In clinical symptoms were compared with PANSS, negative type is significantly more in male patients but positive type is more in female, with BPRS, perceptul-thought disturbance factor and anxiety-depression factor were significantly higher in female patients. The age of onset was no significantly different in family history positive group but significantly earlier onset of male patients in negative group. Clinical symptoms with BFRS were no significant differences in family history positive group, but perceptual-thought disturbance factor and anxiety-depression factor were higher in female patients in negative group. CONCLUSIONS: The findings coupled with reports from other investigators, support that both gender and genetic loading contribute to the heterogeneity of schizophrenia.
Age Factors ; Age of Onset ; Education ; Employment ; Female ; Genetic Load ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Male ; Population Characteristics ; Research Personnel ; Schizophrenia ; Seoul

Study on maternal mortality and maternal mortality-induced basic causes in Thai Binh province during 1991-2000. The results: maternal mortality by different causes is 61.1%. Direct causes on maternal mortality are uterine hemorrhage, toxemia of pregnancy, infection, rupture of uterus and curettage for abortion. Maternal mortality by indirect causes is 34.4%, in which, nearly a half of deaths due to pregnant cardiopathies and over a half of deaths due to other indirect causes. There are 6 cases of maternal mortality not diagnosed. Maternal mortality occurs mainly at the age from 25 to 39 years old
Maternal Mortality ; Epidemiology ; Diagnosis ; Age Factors

This is an analysis of 174 patients classified as generalized vitiligo by Ortonnes' classification during the period from May till December in 1985. The retults are summarized as follows. There were 89 females(51.l%) and 85 males(48, 9%). 2. The mean age of onset was 24.2 years(male: 23.4, female: 24. 8). 3. The mean age at the first visit was 33 years(male: 32. 2, female: 34, 8) 4. The mean duration of t.he disease was 10. 8 years (male: 10. 3, female: 11. 3). 5. The mean interval between onset and visiting was 9 years(male: 8. 8, female: 10). 6. Mode of onset was unicentric in 90, 2% and multicentric in 9. 8% 7.The most common site of initial involvement was abdomen(15. 0%). 8. The most common precipitating factor was trauma(11%). 9.The most common previous treatment was sunlight irradiation after application of topical oxoralene(33.3%). 10. The most common degree of depigmented lesion was 5~10%.(39.7%). 1l. Family history was present in 12% and thyroid disease was associated in only one case.
Age of Onset ; Classification ; Female ; Humans ; Precipitating Factors ; Sunlight ; Thyroid Diseases ; Vitiligo*

BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is a relatively common acquired depigmentating disorder that affects at least 1 % of the population. The mode of transmission has not been clearly,stablished, but either polygenic or autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance and variable expresion has been proposed. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the causative factor, variable clinical features and current teratment of generalized vitiligo patients. METHOD: This clinical in vestigation was made with 225 outpatiens of generalized type vitiligo who had visited the Department of Dermatology, Keirnyung Universitv Hospital from January 1987 till December 1991. Results & CONCLUSION: 1. There were 125 female, (55.5%) and 100 males(44.4%). 2. The mean age of onset was 21.4 years(male . 24.3, female: 19.1). 3. The mean age at the first visit was 27.5 years (male : 28.8, female : 26.5). 4. The mean duration of the disease was 10.7 years(male : 9.9, female : 10.9). 5. The mean interval between onset and visiting was 6.1 years (male : 4.5, female : 7.4). 6. The most common sites of involvernent at the first visit was tie face 11.7% (male : 11.4%, female : 11.8%). 7. The most common precipitating factor was trauma(8.8%). 8. The most common previous treatment was sunlight irradiaion after application of topical oxoralene(33.2%). 9. The most common degree of depigmented lesion was 5-10%(64.4%). 10. The most common occupations of the patients were students mals, and housewife females.
Age of Onset ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Occupations ; Penetrance ; Precipitating Factors ; Sunlight ; Vitiligo*

This study was to investigate the clinical difference between the normal and abnormal EEG group of psychomotor epileptic patients. Selected for this study were 75 subjects who was diagnosed as the psychomotor epilepsy at the Seoul National Mental Hospital during the period from March, 1980 to June 1983 . 1. In the distribution of age group, 61.33% of total patients belonged under the ages between 20 and 29. 2. As to the precipitating factors, the unknown or none occupied 32.0% of total paeitnts. In normal EEG groups the unknown or none was the most frequent one and in abnormal EEG groups sleep and psychogenic factors were the most frequent one. 3. As to the frequency of psychomotor attack, the patient who had the frequency of ""less than one two weeks but more than one a month"" occupied 34.67% of the total. The abnormal EEG groups tended to have the attacks more frequent than the normal EEG groups. 4. As to the age of onset, 50.67% of total patients had their first attack at the ages between 10 and 19. The abnormal EEG groups had the attacks at the earlier than the normal EEG groups. 5. As to the personality trait, the aggressive personality trait was rated 29.33%, the next came the dependent personality trait. 6. As to the psychiatric symptoms and manifestations which were associated with the convulsion, the compound type was rated 38.67% of the total patients. 7. In the proportion of wave patterns of abnormality, paroxysmal slow wave was 40.74% of the abnormality and isolated spike or sharp wave was 22.22% spikes and slow wave was 14.81%. 8. The abnormality which was facalized or localized on the temporal leads was 64.86% of the abnormal EEGs. The aggressive personality trait was 37.5% of them.
Age of Onset ; Electroencephalography* ; Epilepsy, Complex Partial* ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Precipitating Factors ; Seizures ; Seoul

This study was to investigate the clinical difference between the normal and abnormal EEG group of psychomotor epileptic patients. Selected for this study were 75 subjects who was diagnosed as the psychomotor epilepsy at the Seoul National Mental Hospital during the period from March, 1980 to June 1983 . 1. In the distribution of age group, 61.33% of total patients belonged under the ages between 20 and 29. 2. As to the precipitating factors, the unknown or none occupied 32.0% of total paeitnts. In normal EEG groups the unknown or none was the most frequent one and in abnormal EEG groups sleep and psychogenic factors were the most frequent one. 3. As to the frequency of psychomotor attack, the patient who had the frequency of ""less than one two weeks but more than one a month"" occupied 34.67% of the total. The abnormal EEG groups tended to have the attacks more frequent than the normal EEG groups. 4. As to the age of onset, 50.67% of total patients had their first attack at the ages between 10 and 19. The abnormal EEG groups had the attacks at the earlier than the normal EEG groups. 5. As to the personality trait, the aggressive personality trait was rated 29.33%, the next came the dependent personality trait. 6. As to the psychiatric symptoms and manifestations which were associated with the convulsion, the compound type was rated 38.67% of the total patients. 7. In the proportion of wave patterns of abnormality, paroxysmal slow wave was 40.74% of the abnormality and isolated spike or sharp wave was 22.22% spikes and slow wave was 14.81%. 8. The abnormality which was facalized or localized on the temporal leads was 64.86% of the abnormal EEGs. The aggressive personality trait was 37.5% of them.
Age of Onset ; Electroencephalography* ; Epilepsy, Complex Partial* ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Precipitating Factors ; Seizures ; Seoul

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It had been well known that Lipoprotein(a) had proatherogenic and thrombogenic action because of structural similarity with plasminogen. However the role of Lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) in the development of ischemic cerebrovascular disease had not sufficiently clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HBP) to the role of Lp(a) as a risk factor of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. METHOD: For comparing Lp(a) and the lipid profile of ischemic stroke group (5, N=232) with those of control group (C, N=158), we divided each group into four subgroups according to the existance of DM and HBP: stroke patients and control subjects with DM only(DMS, N=27; DMC, N=44), those with HBP only(HBPS, N=94; HBPC, N=44), those with both of DM and HBP (DMHBPS, N=46; DMHBPC, N=29), and those with none of DM and HBP(NS, N=65; NC, N=41). We evaluated Lp(a) and the lipid profile measured less than 72 hour after onset of stroke and 3 month later in 33 ischemic stroke patients. Also we divided the stroke group into two subgroups according to the type (large artery thrombotic vs small artery perforating) and the age of onset (below 50 year-old vs above 50 year-old), and compared Lp(a) and the lipld profile in each subgroups. RESULT: 1. In control group, the Lp(a) in DMC was significantly higher t that in NC. 2. The Lp(a) compared between HBPC & HBPS and between & NS were statistically significant. 3. The Lp(a) in DMS revealed no significant difference compared with that in DMC. 4, The type of ischemic stroke did not give specific Lp(a) level. 5. The Lp(a) in the young age onset revealed no significant difference compared with that in the old age onset. CONCLUSION: The Lp(a) is likely to contribute to the ischemic stroke at independent risk factor, However it is seemed that the role of Lp(a) as a risk factor of the ischemic stroke is evaluated after being subdivided according existence of DM.
Age of Onset ; Arteries ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Lipoprotein(a) ; Middle Aged ; Plasminogen ; Risk Factors* ; Stroke

OBJECTIVETo get the message about the developing feature of pneumoconiosis by analyzing the data from 353 cases of pneumoconiosis diagnosed in our hospital recent 6 years.

METHODSTo analyze the onset age, onset service years and incubation period of 353 cases of pneumoconiosis, especially in silicosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis and potter's pneumoconiosis.

RESULTS353 patients referred to 10 species of pneumoconiosis, the silicosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis and potter's pneumoconiosis were accounted for 28.90%, 43.34% and 15.01% of total pneumoconiosis respectively. Diagnosed patients who began to exposed to dust during 1950's to 1980's accounted for 84.99% of all the diagnosed patients. The onset age, onset service years and incubation period of silicosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis and potters pneumoconiosis all showed a shorten trend compared each other every decade, especially after 1980's, but excluded potter's pneumoconiosis because of that the ceramics industry switched to other products in Beijing. There was a positive correlation relationship between average onset age and incubation period in three main species of pneumoconiosis mentioned above, but no significant difference could be seen in average promotion years. Additionally, comparing with other type of work, jade machining workers showed such a characteristic as younger onset and short incubation period.

CONCLUSIONThe development situation of silicosis, coal worker's pneumoconiosis is still no so optimistic, and the strict surveillance and administration especially to the township enterprises with poor production conditions should get further strengthen.

Age of Onset ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Time Factors