OBJECTIVE: To explore criminal characteristics of patients with affective disorder. METHODS: Analysis was conducted in 72 cases of affective disorder diagnosed in Ankang Hospital, Public Security Bureau of Hangzhou, from 2000 to 2004. RESULTS: There was a correlation between outbreak of the affective disordered and frequency of committing crime. There was a significant difference between the mania and the depression (P<0.01) with respect to harmful behavior. The criminal behavior characteristics of patients with affective disorder were different from that of the schizophrenia, with more realistic and less pathologic intention. CONCLUSION Recurrent attacks are warning signs for affective disorder patients committing crime. The criminal behavior characteristics of the affective disorder are different from that of the schizophrenia, probably because of the differences in etiological factor, development, symptom, and severity of the disorders.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Affective Disorders, Psychotic/diagnosis* ; Criminals ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Occurrence of carbon monoxide intoxication has decreased due to decline in use of coal briquettes (anthracite) in Korea. However, suicide attempt by use of a coal fire lighter (beon-gae-tan) has shown a rapid increase over the past five years with relevance to imitated suicide. Acute carbon monoxide intoxication is a dangerous problem affecting the brain, kidney, lung, and other major organs. Sometimes, delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide intoxication makes clinical psychiatric diagnosis and treatment puzzling because neuropsychiatric sequelae are ambiguous with premorbid psychiatric problems, such as mood disorder, psychotic disorder, or other substance dependence. We report on a case of delayed encephalopathy of carbon monoxide intoxication and discuss its diagnosis and management.
Affective Disorders, Psychotic ; Brain ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Coal ; Diagnosis ; Fires ; Kidney ; Korea ; Lung ; Mental Disorders ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Suicide

Schizoaffective disorders are a controversially discussed but existing nosological category describing an episodic condition meeting the criteria of both schizophrenia and mood disorders and lying on a continuum between these two prototypes. Both DSM-IV and ICD-10 classify them within the group of "schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders" with ICD-10 not requiring the absence of mood symptoms for a certain time. Cross-sectionally, schizoaffective disorder can be subdivided into schizodepressive, schizomanic and mixed types. In a longitudinal way, unipolar and bipolar types are distinguished. The division into schizo-dominated and mood dominated types is based on the severity and dominance of the schizophreniform symptomatology and implies significant consequences for treatment and prognosis. In addition, concurrent types should be differentiated from sequential types. Schizoaffective disorder is not rare; lifetime prevalence is estimated at 0.3%. About one third of all psychotic patients suffer from schizoaffective disorder. About two thirds of the patients do not only have schizoaffective episodes but also pure schizophreniform or mood episodes or episodes of acute and transient psychotic disorder. In more than 50% of the patients, symptoms remit more or less completely. The others suffer from light, moderate or severe residual states, which might affect their social adaptation. The suicide rate in schizoaffective disorder is about 12%. The treatment of schizoaffective disorder primarily is a combination of antipsychotics and mood stabilizers or antidepressants. Long-term prophylactic treatment mainly consists of antipsychotics and mood stabilizers. Differential diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder is not at all easy. It must be distinguished from psychotic mood disorder, where the psychotic symptoms are mood-congruent. Although DSM-IV allows even mood-incongruent psychotic symptoms in psychotic mood disorder, these cases should better be allocated to schizoaffective disorder. Schizoaffective disorder must also be distinguished from schizophrenia with mood symptoms. In the latter, the mood symptoms are not complete and not so prominent to meet the criteria of a mood episode, or they occur after the schizophreniform have remitted. Sometimes, schizoaffective disorder is mixed up with acute and transient psychotic disorder, although these two conditions do not have very much in common.
Affective Disorders, Psychotic ; Antidepressive Agents ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Deception ; Delusions ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; International Classification of Diseases ; Light ; Mood Disorders ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Psychotic Disorders ; Schizophrenia ; Suicide

Schizoaffective disorders are a controversially discussed but existing nosological category describing an episodic condition meeting the criteria of both schizophrenia and mood disorders and lying on a continuum between these two prototypes. Both DSM-IV and ICD-10 classify them within the group of "schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders" with ICD-10 not requiring the absence of mood symptoms for a certain time. Cross-sectionally, schizoaffective disorder can be subdivided into schizodepressive, schizomanic and mixed types. In a longitudinal way, unipolar and bipolar types are distinguished. The division into schizo-dominated and mood dominated types is based on the severity and dominance of the schizophreniform symptomatology and implies significant consequences for treatment and prognosis. In addition, concurrent types should be differentiated from sequential types. Schizoaffective disorder is not rare; lifetime prevalence is estimated at 0.3%. About one third of all psychotic patients suffer from schizoaffective disorder. About two thirds of the patients do not only have schizoaffective episodes but also pure schizophreniform or mood episodes or episodes of acute and transient psychotic disorder. In more than 50% of the patients, symptoms remit more or less completely. The others suffer from light, moderate or severe residual states, which might affect their social adaptation. The suicide rate in schizoaffective disorder is about 12%. The treatment of schizoaffective disorder primarily is a combination of antipsychotics and mood stabilizers or antidepressants. Long-term prophylactic treatment mainly consists of antipsychotics and mood stabilizers. Differential diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder is not at all easy. It must be distinguished from psychotic mood disorder, where the psychotic symptoms are mood-congruent. Although DSM-IV allows even mood-incongruent psychotic symptoms in psychotic mood disorder, these cases should better be allocated to schizoaffective disorder. Schizoaffective disorder must also be distinguished from schizophrenia with mood symptoms. In the latter, the mood symptoms are not complete and not so prominent to meet the criteria of a mood episode, or they occur after the schizophreniform have remitted. Sometimes, schizoaffective disorder is mixed up with acute and transient psychotic disorder, although these two conditions do not have very much in common.
Affective Disorders, Psychotic ; Antidepressive Agents ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Deception ; Delusions ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; International Classification of Diseases ; Light ; Mood Disorders ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Psychotic Disorders ; Schizophrenia ; Suicide