PURPOSE: 'Yangsaeng' is a traditional healthcare regimen for the promotion of health and prevention of illnesses by means of specific principles and methods for the purpose of living a long and healthy life. The purpose of this paper was to develop a tool in measuring Yangsaeng and to verify its reliability and validity. METHOD: Content validity was conducted three times by 8 experts. Factor analysis was conducted to test its construct validity. RESULT: Thirty-one items were selected in 8 factors; Morality Yangsaeng, Mind Yangsaeng, Diet Yangsaeng, Activity & rest Yangsaeng, Exercise Yangsaeng, Seasonal Yangsaeng, Sleep Yangsaeng and Sex life Yangsaeng. The explanatory variance is 61.76%. Cronbach's alpha of the final tool is .89 and that of each factor is .68~.82. The analysis of the items shows that the item-total correlation is .40 or higher. Criterion-related validity was verified with the CMCHS V1.0 and the KoHSME V1.0. CONCLUSION: Since the tool developed in this study was verified in terms of its reliability and validity, it could be utilized as a tool for evaluating the extent of Yangsaeng.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; *Health Behavior ; *Health Promotion ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; *Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Middle Aged ; *Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This research used quantitative research to identify differences in death consciousness between pre and post education. The study was also designed to further understanding of the effects of nursing education by using a qualitative analysis to examine hospice education experience. METHOD: This study a one group pre-post test design. RESULTS: 1. The mean score for the students' death consciousness before the hospice education averaged 2.15+/- .33, a medium level for death consciousness. The score after education was 2.25+/- .36, that is, there was higher score for death consciousness after education. 2. The result of classification, giving their names and categorizing the experience of being in a coffin shown to be self-reflection, regret, recognition to death, death as discontinuation of life, the last closing from everything, death as a sad and cruel event, death as another world, specialist intuition of nursing. CONCLUSION: This research provided an opportunity for nursing students to consider death earnestly and realistically through hospice nursing education. We also discovered affirmative changes in the students' viewpoint of death, students who in future clinical practice may work with elders. We also found increases in motives to develop ability to present effective aid to dying patients.
Classification ; Consciousness ; Education* ; Education, Nursing ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing ; Hospices* ; Humans ; Intuition ; Nursing ; Specialization ; Students, Nursing

Dengue fever (DF) is an acute febrile viral disease frequently presenting with headache, bone or joint and muscular pain, rash and leukopenia. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is characterized by four major clinical manifestations: high fever, hemorrhagic phenomena, often with hepatomegaly and in severe cases, signs of circulatory failure. Such patients may develop hypovolemic shock resulting from plasma leakage. This is called dengue shock syndrome (DSS) and can be fatal. The disease is one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death in children in several Asian, central and south American and African countries. Dengue fever and Dengue hemorrhagic fever have steadily increased in both incidence and distribution over the past 40 years. With an increased air travel, more travelers to the tropics and subtropics are returning within the incubation period of acute febrile infection. We experienced a Korean engineer with complaints of fever, chill, headache, nausea and myalgia after return from Malaysia and confirmed as dengue fever.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Dengue* ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Headache ; Hepatomegaly ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Leukopenia ; Malaysia ; Myalgia ; Nausea ; Plasma ; Severe Dengue ; Shock ; Virus Diseases

BACKGROUND: Despite recent advances in antifungal chemotherapy, invasive aspergillosis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that is known to enhance antifungal activities of monocytes against Candida albicans. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the potentials of IL-15 to enhance antifungal activities of monocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus. METHODS: Peripheral blood monocytes from healthy adults were incubated with 0, 1, 10, 100 ng/ml of IL-15 for 1, 2, and 4 days. Then, the ability of IL-15 to elicit the production of superoxide anion, the damage of hyphae by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and the killing ability of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia was investigated. RESULTS: Incubation of peripheral blood monocytes with 100 ng/ml of IL-15 enhanced hyphal damage after 2 days (p<0.05), conidicidal activity from the first day (p<0.05), and increased the production of superoxide anion (O2- ) in response to phorbol myristate acetate. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that IL-15 augments the microbicidal activity of human monocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus.
Adult ; Aspergillosis ; Aspergillus fumigatus* ; Aspergillus* ; Candida albicans ; Drug Therapy ; Homicide ; Humans* ; Hyphae ; Immunocompromised Host ; Interleukin-15* ; Monocytes* ; Mortality ; Spores, Fungal ; Superoxides ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of an outbreak of food-borne infectious disease requires a hospital to do extended role. There has been no report of an outbreak and an outbreak management of food-borne infectious diseases in a hospital. Therefore, this report of an outbreak and management of Shigellosis in the hospital would help others to manage further cases. METHODS: This was a descriptive study for an infection control program for food-borne infectious diseases in a hospital. RESULTS: There was a shigellosis outbreak at a university hospital in Seoul between December 3 and 30, 2001, Five hundred eighty four were affected, of which 81 cases were suspected and 86 cases were confirmed Shigella sonnei in fetal culture. The source of infection was identified as a lunch box or seaweed rolled rice that was contaminated and was supplied from the S-catering facility. The infection control team had developed the various strategies to control the outbreak and implemented them. The strategies included an epidemiology investigation, the removal of infection sources, medical treatment and isolation of patients, education and management of public relationship, environmental control, withdrawal of medical students' training, prevention and control of asymptomatic cases, intensive care unit strong financial support, analysis and management various data and the construction of cooperation and reporting system with the public health system CONCLUSION: This outbreak was controlled by effective team approach. The effective management of an outbreak of food-borne infectious diseases requires a systematic infection control, public relationship strategies for the reputation of the hospital, and the cooperation with a public health system.
Communicable Diseases ; Dysentery, Bacillary* ; Education ; Epidemiology ; Financial Support ; Humans ; Infection Control* ; Intensive Care Units ; Lunch ; Public Health ; Seaweed ; Seoul ; Shigella sonnei

Background: As the survival rate of cancer patients increases, the clinical importance of rehabilitation provided by healthcare professionals also increases. However, the evidence supporting the relevance of rehabilitation programs is insufficient. This study aimed to review the literature on effectiveness in physical function, quality of life (QOL) or fatigue of supervised physical rehabilitation in patients with advanced cancer. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Cochrane guidelines. We narratively described the results when meta-analysis was not applicable or appropriate. Literature databases including Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, as well as several Korean domestic databases, were searched up to June 2017 for studies that investigated the effectiveness of supervised physical rehabilitation programs on physical function, QOL or fatigue in patients with advanced cancer. The quality of the selected studies was evaluated independently by paired reviewers. Results: Eleven studies with 922 participants were finally selected among 2,459 articles. The meta-analysis revealed that after physical exercise, the physical activity level and strength of patients with advanced cancer increased significantly. The QOL showed a statistically significant improvement after physical rehabilitation according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer version C30. Though some of measurements about cardiovascular endurance or strength in several studies were not able to be synthesized, each study reported that they were significantly improved after receiving rehabilitation. Conclusion Supervised physical rehabilitation for patients with advanced cancer is effective in improving physical activity, strength, and QOL. However, more trials are needed to prove the effectiveness of supervised exercise and to strengthen the evidence.

HIV infection/AIDS shows characteristic epidemiological and clinical patterns according to the region, country, and race. The epidemiological and clinical patterns of HIV infection/ AIDS in Korea was investigated by retrospectively analyzing the medical records of 176 HIV-infected persons who visited two major referral hospitals of AIDS in Korea from 1985 to April 2000. The most common transmission route was heterosexual contact (52.3%), followed by homosexual contact (23.9%). Among the opportunistic diseases, candidiasis was the most prevalent (21.6%), followed by Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (15.9%), tuberculosis (12.5%), and CMV infection (9.1%). The most common initial AIDS-defining opportunistic disease was tuberculosis (33.3%). The most common causes of death were tuberculosis (25.7%) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (25.7%). This study describes the epidemiological and clinical patterns of HIV infection/AIDS in Korea, which not only enables us to accurately understand HIV infection/ AIDS in this country, but eventually to aid in establishing effective preventive measures and treatment guidelines in Korea.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*complications/*epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Human ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Opportunistic Infections/etiology ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/mortality ; Prevalence ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Tuberculosis/mortality