1.Dual Effects of Light on Regulating Aedes aegypti Heat-Seeking Behavior.
Haonan ZHOU ; Kai SHI ; Fengming WU ; Bingcai WANG ; Jing LI ; Bowen DENG ; Chuan ZHOU
Neuroscience Bulletin 2022;38(11):1420-1424
2.Establishment of an artificial neural network model for analysis of the influence of climate factors on the density of Aedes albopictus.
De-xian YU ; Li-feng LIN ; Lei LUO ; Wen ZHOU ; Lu-lu GAO ; Qing CHEN ; Shou-yi YU
Journal of Southern Medical University 2010;30(7):1604-1609
OBJECTIVETo establish a model for predicting the density of Aedes albopictus based on the climate factors.
METHODSThe data of Aedes albopictus density and climate changes from 1995 to 2001 in Guangzhou were collected and analyzed. The predicting model for Aedes albopictus density was established using the Artificial Neural Network Toolbox of Matlab 7.0 software package. The climate factors used to establish the model included the average monthly pressure, evaporation capacity, relative humidity, sunshine hour, temperature, wind speed, and precipitation, and the established model was tested and verified.
RESULTSThe BP network model was established according to data of mosquito density and climate factors. After training the neural network for 25 times, the error of performance decreased from 0.305 539 to 2.937 51x10(-14). Verification of the model with the data of mosquito density showed a concordance rate of prediction of 80%.
CONCLUSIONThe neural network model based on the climate factors is effective for predicting Aedes albopictus density.
Aedes ; physiology ; Animals ; Climate ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Seasons ; Software
3.Zika Virus and Zika Viral Disease.
Chinese Journal of Virology 2016;32(1):121-127
Since Zika virus (ZIKV) has firstly been isolated in 1947, Uganda, outbreaks of Zika fever have been reported in many areas such as in Africa, Southeast Asia and America. Imported cases in China also have been reported. Zika virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, and include Africa subtype and Asia subtype. It is a mosquito-borne virus primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Sexual transmission, Blood transmission and mother-to-fetus transmission were also reported. Zika virus can go though blood-brain barrier and infect central nervous system. Symptoms are generally mild and self-limited, but recent evidence suggests a possible association between maternal Zika virus infection and adverse fetal outcomes, such as congenital microcephaly, as well as a possible association with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Laboratorial Diagnosis includes nucleic acid detection, Serological test, and isolation of virus. Currently, no vaccine or medication exists to prevent or treat Zika virus infection. Preventive measures against Zika virus infection should be taken through prevention of mosquito bites and surveillance in epidemic area.
Aedes
;
physiology
;
virology
;
Animals
;
Humans
;
Insect Vectors
;
physiology
;
virology
;
Zika Virus
;
genetics
;
physiology
;
Zika Virus Infection
;
transmission
;
virology
4.The biology and demographic parameters of Aedes albopictus in northern peninsular Malaysia.
H Nur AIDA ; Hamady DIENG ; Abu Hassan AHMAD ; Tomomitsu SATHO ; A T NURITA ; M R Che SALMAH ; Fumio MIAKE ; B NORASMAH
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011;1(6):472-477
OBJECTIVETo generate life table characteristics for the dengue vector Aedes albopictus (A. albopictus) under uncontrolled conditions, incorporating both the aquatic and the adult stages.
METHODSTen females derived from wild pupae were allowed to fully blood-feed on restrained mice. 774 eggs were hatched in seasoned water. F1 larvae were followed for development until their F2 counterparts emerged as adults. Some population parameters were monitored (F1) or estimated (F2).
RESULTSA. albopictus exhibited increased fecundity and egg hatch success. Immature development was quick. Immature survival was high, with lowest rate in the pupal stage. Adult emergence was about 81% and sex ratio was close to 1:1. Generational mortality (K) was about 28%. A high proportion of females completed a reproductive cycle and the obtained parity rate was predicted to lead to higher fecundity in the next generation.
CONCLUSIONSIt can be concluded that natural A. albopictus populations in Penang seem largely determined by quick development in combination with low immature loss and increased oviposition.
Aedes ; growth & development ; physiology ; Animals ; Female ; Insect Vectors ; Malaysia ; Male ; Mice ; Vital Statistics
5.Toxicity studies for indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from Malang City, East Java on Aedes aegypti larvae.
Zulfaidah Penata GAMA ; Nobukazu NAKAGOSHI ; Suharjono ; Faridah SETYOWATI
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013;3(2):111-117
OBJECTIVETo investigate the toxicity of indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis (B. thuringiensis)isolates from Malang City for controlling Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) larvae.
METHODSSoil samples were taken from Purwantoro and Sawojajar sub-districts. Bacterial isolation was performed using B. thuringiensis selective media. Phenotypic characteristics of the isolates were obtained with the simple matching method. The growth and prevalence of spores were determined by the Total Plate Count method, and toxicity tests were also performed on the third instar larval stage of Ae. aegypti. The percentage of larval mortality was analysed using probit regression. The LC50 was analysed by ANOVA, and the Tukey HSD interval was 95%.
RESULTSAmong the 33 selected bacterial isolates, six were obtained (PWR4-31, PWR4-32, SWJ4-2b, SWJ4-4b, SWJ-4k and SWJ5-1) that had a similar phenotype to reference B. thuringiensis. Based on the dendrogram, all of the bacterial isolates were 71% similar. Three isolates that had a higher prevalence of reference B. thuringiensis were PWR4-32, SWJ4-4b and SW5-1, of which the spore prevalence was 52.44%, 23.59%, 34.46%, respectively. These three indigenous isolates from Malang City successfully killed Ae. aegypti larvae. The PWR4-32 isolates were the most effective at killing the larvae.
CONCLUSIONSSix indigenous B. thuringiensis isolates among the 33 bacterial isolates found in the Sawojajar and Purwantoro sub-districts were toxic to the third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti. The PWR4-32 isolates were identical to the reference B. thuringiensis and had 88% phenotype similarity. The PWR4-32 isolates had the highest spore prevalence (52.44%), and the early stationary phase occurred at 36 h. The PWR4-32 isolates were the most effective at killing Ae. aegypti larvae (LC50-72 h=2.3×10(8) cells/mL).
Aedes ; microbiology ; Animals ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Biological Control Agents ; Indonesia ; Insecticides ; Larva ; microbiology ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Mosquito Control
6.Detection of Heparin in the Salivary Gland and Midgut of Aedes togoi.
Young Ran HA ; So Ra OH ; Eun Seok SEO ; Bo Heum KIM ; Dong Kyu LEE ; Sang Joon LEE
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2014;52(2):183-188
Mosquitoes secrete saliva that contains biological substances, including anticoagulants that counteract a host's hemostatic response and prevent blood clotting during blood feeding. This study aimed to detect heparin, an anticoagulant in Aedes togoi using an immunohistochemical detection method, in the salivary canal, salivary gland, and midgut of male and female mosquitoes. Comparisons showed that female mosquitoes contained higher concentrations of heparin than male mosquitoes. On average, the level of heparin was higher in blood-fed female mosquitoes than in non-blood-fed female mosquitoes. Heparin concentrations were higher in the midgut than in the salivary gland. This indicates presence of heparin in tissues of A. togoi.
Aedes/*metabolism
;
Animals
;
Anticoagulants/*isolation & purification
;
Blood Coagulation/physiology
;
Female
;
Gastrointestinal Tract/*metabolism
;
Heparin/*isolation & purification
;
Male
;
Salivary Ducts/metabolism
;
Salivary Glands/*metabolism
7.Impact on the potential epidemic of dengue fever under warming winter in Hainan province.
Shan-xian YU ; Zhao-qin LI ; Wei-ping TENG ; Jian CAI
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2005;26(1):25-28
OBJECTIVEImpact of climate warming in winter on the potential epidemics of dengue fever in Hainan was assessed.
METHODSBased on historic data of mean monthly temperature in January from 8 weather observation stations, tendency and amplitude of variation were analyzed. Using 21 degrees C as lowest limit of temperature suitable for dengue fever transmission, impact caused by climate warming on dengue fever epidemic was estimated by means of geography information system (GIS), insect vector and epidemiological features.
RESULTSTemperature in winter in Hainan province had shown an obvious increase. The maximum amplitude of increase appeared in Dongfang which was 1.4 degrees C and the minimum 0.5 degrees C in Shanhudao, but the increase amplitude in the other stations was varied from 0.7 to 1.3 degrees C. By the year of 2050, 21 degrees C contour will have moved 190 km or so northward, nearly spanned 6/7 of distance from south to north in Hainan province and under the condition of daily fraction surviving of Aedes aegypti as P = 0.89, Qionghai city which stands north in Hainan province will probably have become epidemic area of dengue fever all year round.
CONCLUSIONClimate warming in winter will probably make half or more of the areas in Hainan province with temperature that permitting transmission of dengue fever by 2050. Monitoring and prevention of dengue fever in winter should be emphasized.
Aedes ; physiology ; virology ; Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Climate ; Dengue ; epidemiology ; Dengue Virus ; isolation & purification ; Geographic Information Systems ; Humans ; Insect Vectors ; virology ; Seasons ; Temperature