No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Growth and Development* ; Humans

Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Humans ; Hypertension ; prevention & control

Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Obesity ; Puberty

OBJECTIVELongitudinal studies in height for school-age children and adolescents mainly focused on the velocity, spurt and peak of growth, and currently no changing growth trajectory or channel around the baseline were reported except the shift of percentiles among infants. This study aimed to analyze general characteristic of the growth trajectory of height among children and adolescents so as to provide scientific evidence for early detecting height deviation and evaluating treatment interventions for pediatric clinical and health care professionals.

METHODHeight measurement data of 4 632 school-aged children and adolescents were retrospectively collected from two middle schools in urban Beijing between 2006 and 2012, with physical examination records varying from 1 to 8 times. Corresponding Z-score curve of the first height data of each study subject was defined as the baseline growth trajectory. Interval censored data were determined by calculating and comparing the amount of up or down floating deviation of those follow-up measurements around the baseline trajectory at different time points, and the LIFEREG procedure was used to fit parametric regression model. Defined 0.67 s as isometric growth channel, proportions of follow-up measurements along the baseline or off-baseline channel were calculated at different baseline Z-score interval channel.

RESULTTotally 3 308 subjects with height examination records of 3 times or more were included in this study. Interval censored data of height abide by the exponential distribution based on parametric regression model. The exponential distribution model with two covariates of sex and baseline Z-score interval channel showed that sex was not statistically significant (P = 0.186 6). After removing factor of sex, the model only with baseline Z-score channel displayed that those Z-score channels over +2.00 s (P = 0.946 7) and -2.00-1.34 s (P = 0.091 1) were not statistically significant with the control of the channel below -2.00 s. Refined exponential distribution model (P < 0.000 1) was constructed after the Z-score channel reduced to six consecutive isometric growth channels. There were district differences in height deviations around the baseline trajectory in different baseline Z-score interval channels, floating downward in upper channel and floating upward in lower channel. Overall, the range of deviation of 4.06 cm was observed around the baseline trajectory in 90% of individuals (from P5 to P95), with the floating down 2.60 cm and the floating up 1.46 cm. The proportions of the individuals growing along the original channel were 43.8%-47.4% in the upper Z interval (0-2.00 s) and 33.0%-37.9% in the lower Z interval (-2.00-0 s); the proportions not shifting ± 1 channel were 94.0%-94.8% in the upper part and 79.1%-91.0% in the lower part.

CONCLUSIONThis study obtained general characteristics of growth trajectory of height among children and adolescents: the deflection range of shifting up and down is about 4 cm around the baseline trajectory for 90% individuals, with the downward float 2.00-3.00 cm and the upward 1.00-2.00 cm; and 30%-50% individuals go along the baseline channel and 80%-90% individuals do not exceed ± 1 channels.

Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; Child ; Child Development ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Prevalence

True hermaphroditism is a rare disorder or sexual development in which both ovarian and testicular tissue exist in a same individual. Author experienced a case of true hermaphroditism in a 15 years old patient, reared as a male who had an ovotestis in the right side and ovary in the left, managed by resection of testicular tissue and feminine genitoplasty.
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Ovary ; Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development* ; Sexual Development

True hermaphroditism represents the rarest of all intersex disorders. The condition is defined by the presence of both ovarian and testicular tissue in the same individual. True hermaphroditism is usually diagnosed during the newborn period in the course of evaluating ambiguous genitalia. We present an unusual case of a 15-year-old boy with phenotypically normal male genitalia and bilaterally descended ovotestis, who was seen for evalution of intermittent scrotal swelling and pain.
Adolescent ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Genitalia, Male ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a core competency support program on depression and suicidal ideation in adolescents. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was employed in this study. Participants for the study were high school students, 27 in the experimental group and 29 in the control group. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN. 14.0 program with chi-square test, t-test, and ANCOVA. RESULTS: Participants in the core competency support program reported decreased depression scores significantly different from those in the control group. Participants in the core competency support program reported decreased suicidal ideation scores, also significantly different from those in the control group. CONCLUSION: The core competency support program was effective in decreasing depression and suicidal ideation for adolescents. Therefore, this approach is recommended as a suicide prevention strategy for adolescents.
Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; *Adolescent Psychology ; *Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Program Development ; Suicide/*prevention & control

OBJECTIVES: Parental behavior is related to personality development and ego resilience in the childhood. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of parental behavior on ego resilience in Korean middle school student. METHODS: Subjects were selected based on stratified multi-stage cluster sampling in Korea youth panel study 2013(Boy : N=1,075, Girl : N=1,033). We used Parental behavior inventory(PBI) to estimate parental behavior and the Ego resilience scale to estimate ego resilience. The data were statistically analyzed using a Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis with the statistical package for the social sciences(SPSS). We considered differences to be significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: A regression analysis showed that rational explanation, affection, Interest and inconsistency of the parental behavior domains influence ego resilience. Also rational explanation, affection and Interest of the parental behavior domains showed a significant positive correlation with ego resilience(r=0.24, r=0.31, r=0.22, p<0.01). In contrast to early childhood studies, inconsistency showed no significant correlation. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents who had taken more rational explanation, interest and affection from their parents were more likely to have higher ego resilience. However, inconsistency of parental behavior showed no correlation with ego resilience of adolescents, which means that they are affected by several other factors than parental behavior. This study would be a basic research that could be a help to psychosocial approach in pediatric psychiatry.
Adolescent ; Ego* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Parents* ; Personality Development

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of parental rearing attitude between incarcerated delinqent adolescents and adolescents attending school, in order to identifying the relationships between delinquent behavior and personality factors. METHODS: The subjects were composed of 94 incarcerated delinqent adolescents and 112 adolescents attending school. Subjects were required to complete self-report questionnare including PBI and 16 PF. RESULTS: In incarcerated delinqent adolescents, maternal care(MC) was significantly lower than in adolescents attending school and paternal overprotection(PO) was significantly higher than in adolescents attending school. Of the scores of 16 PF, incarcerated delinqent adolescents showed lower scores in intelligence(B), guilt-proneness(O), liberalism(Q1), self-control(Q3), tension(Q4), anxiety(ANX), superego(SUP) and creativity(CRE) than adolescents attending school. Of the correlation between the scores of PBI and 16PF in incarerated delinqent adolescents, each of superego(G), liberalism(Q1), and supergo(SUP) was negatively correlated with maternal overprotection. Liberalism(Q1) was negatively correlated with paternal overprotection. Stableness(C) was positively correlated with paternal care. Each of gulit-proneness(O), liberalism(Q1), self sufficiency(Q2), tension(Q4), and anxiety(ANX) was negatively correlated with paternal care. In adolescents attending school, groups classified by parental bonding pattern indicated that optimal bonding group(Group l) was correlated with more positive aspects of personality factors, and the affectionless control(Group lV) was correlated with more negative aspects of personality factors. In delinquent adolescents, however, results didn't match the above findings. CONCLUSION: The parent-child bonding patterns of incarcerated delinqent adolescents were related to multiple personality factors. In parental rearing of incarcerated delinqent adolescents, maternal care(MC) was lower and paternal overprotection(PO) was higher than in adolescents attending school. We suggest that personality factors of incarcerated delinqent adolescents are correlated with delinquent behaviors. However, early parent-child bonding patterns do not seem to be correlated with later personality development.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Multiple Personality Disorder ; Parents* ; Personality Development