No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Growth and Development* ; Humans

Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Humans ; Hypertension ; prevention & control

Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Obesity ; Puberty

Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; Child ; Child Development ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVELongitudinal studies in height for school-age children and adolescents mainly focused on the velocity, spurt and peak of growth, and currently no changing growth trajectory or channel around the baseline were reported except the shift of percentiles among infants. This study aimed to analyze general characteristic of the growth trajectory of height among children and adolescents so as to provide scientific evidence for early detecting height deviation and evaluating treatment interventions for pediatric clinical and health care professionals.

METHODHeight measurement data of 4 632 school-aged children and adolescents were retrospectively collected from two middle schools in urban Beijing between 2006 and 2012, with physical examination records varying from 1 to 8 times. Corresponding Z-score curve of the first height data of each study subject was defined as the baseline growth trajectory. Interval censored data were determined by calculating and comparing the amount of up or down floating deviation of those follow-up measurements around the baseline trajectory at different time points, and the LIFEREG procedure was used to fit parametric regression model. Defined 0.67 s as isometric growth channel, proportions of follow-up measurements along the baseline or off-baseline channel were calculated at different baseline Z-score interval channel.

RESULTTotally 3 308 subjects with height examination records of 3 times or more were included in this study. Interval censored data of height abide by the exponential distribution based on parametric regression model. The exponential distribution model with two covariates of sex and baseline Z-score interval channel showed that sex was not statistically significant (P = 0.186 6). After removing factor of sex, the model only with baseline Z-score channel displayed that those Z-score channels over +2.00 s (P = 0.946 7) and -2.00-1.34 s (P = 0.091 1) were not statistically significant with the control of the channel below -2.00 s. Refined exponential distribution model (P < 0.000 1) was constructed after the Z-score channel reduced to six consecutive isometric growth channels. There were district differences in height deviations around the baseline trajectory in different baseline Z-score interval channels, floating downward in upper channel and floating upward in lower channel. Overall, the range of deviation of 4.06 cm was observed around the baseline trajectory in 90% of individuals (from P5 to P95), with the floating down 2.60 cm and the floating up 1.46 cm. The proportions of the individuals growing along the original channel were 43.8%-47.4% in the upper Z interval (0-2.00 s) and 33.0%-37.9% in the lower Z interval (-2.00-0 s); the proportions not shifting ± 1 channel were 94.0%-94.8% in the upper part and 79.1%-91.0% in the lower part.

CONCLUSIONThis study obtained general characteristics of growth trajectory of height among children and adolescents: the deflection range of shifting up and down is about 4 cm around the baseline trajectory for 90% individuals, with the downward float 2.00-3.00 cm and the upward 1.00-2.00 cm; and 30%-50% individuals go along the baseline channel and 80%-90% individuals do not exceed ± 1 channels.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a core competency support program on depression and suicidal ideation in adolescents. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was employed in this study. Participants for the study were high school students, 27 in the experimental group and 29 in the control group. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN. 14.0 program with chi-square test, t-test, and ANCOVA. RESULTS: Participants in the core competency support program reported decreased depression scores significantly different from those in the control group. Participants in the core competency support program reported decreased suicidal ideation scores, also significantly different from those in the control group. CONCLUSION: The core competency support program was effective in decreasing depression and suicidal ideation for adolescents. Therefore, this approach is recommended as a suicide prevention strategy for adolescents.
Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; *Adolescent Psychology ; *Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Program Development ; Suicide/*prevention & control

True hermaphroditism represents the rarest of all intersex disorders. The condition is defined by the presence of both ovarian and testicular tissue in the same individual. True hermaphroditism is usually diagnosed during the newborn period in the course of evaluating ambiguous genitalia. We present an unusual case of a 15-year-old boy with phenotypically normal male genitalia and bilaterally descended ovotestis, who was seen for evalution of intermittent scrotal swelling and pain.
Adolescent ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Genitalia, Male ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development*

True hermaphroditism is a rare disorder or sexual development in which both ovarian and testicular tissue exist in a same individual. Author experienced a case of true hermaphroditism in a 15 years old patient, reared as a male who had an ovotestis in the right side and ovary in the left, managed by resection of testicular tissue and feminine genitoplasty.
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Ovary ; Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development* ; Sexual Development

The complex networks of nutritional, cellular, paracrine, and endocrine factors are closely related with pubertal growth and epiphyseal fusion. Important influencing factors include chondrocyte differentiation capacity, multiple molecular pathways active in the growth plate, and growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis activation and epiphyseal fusion through estrogen and its receptors. However, the exact mechanisms of these phenomena are still unclear. A better understanding of the detailed processes involved in the pubertal growth spurt and growth plate closure in longitudinal bone growth will help us develop methods to efficiently promote pubertal growth and delay epiphyseal fusion with fewer adverse effects.
Adolescent ; Axis ; Bone Development ; Chondrocytes ; Estrogens ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Puberty

OBJECTIVES: Parental behavior is related to personality development and ego resilience in the childhood. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of parental behavior on ego resilience in Korean middle school student. METHODS: Subjects were selected based on stratified multi-stage cluster sampling in Korea youth panel study 2013(Boy : N=1,075, Girl : N=1,033). We used Parental behavior inventory(PBI) to estimate parental behavior and the Ego resilience scale to estimate ego resilience. The data were statistically analyzed using a Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis with the statistical package for the social sciences(SPSS). We considered differences to be significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: A regression analysis showed that rational explanation, affection, Interest and inconsistency of the parental behavior domains influence ego resilience. Also rational explanation, affection and Interest of the parental behavior domains showed a significant positive correlation with ego resilience(r=0.24, r=0.31, r=0.22, p<0.01). In contrast to early childhood studies, inconsistency showed no significant correlation. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents who had taken more rational explanation, interest and affection from their parents were more likely to have higher ego resilience. However, inconsistency of parental behavior showed no correlation with ego resilience of adolescents, which means that they are affected by several other factors than parental behavior. This study would be a basic research that could be a help to psychosocial approach in pediatric psychiatry.
Adolescent ; Ego* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Parents* ; Personality Development