This study was performed to monitor the causative agent of patient with respiratory disease in Pusan, 1998-1999. The results obtained were as follows. Among 1,320 cases of specimens from throat swab, influenzavirus infections were detected 232(89.6%), adenovirus infections were in 14(5.4%), coxsackievirus infections were in 11(4.2%), and echovirus infections were in 2(0.8%). The 222 strains out of 232 strains of influenzavirus showed A-type and the rest of them represented B-type. The distribution for sex- and age-groups is as follows. The male distribution was similar to the female distribution: male distribution, 47.1% and female distribution, 52.9%. Most of the patients was less than 10 years old. The monthly influenza distribution was consistent from Dec. 1998 to Apr. 1999. The 113 strains from the A-type isolates was A/Sydney/05/97(H3N2)-like, the 109 strains A/Beijing/262/95(H1N1)-like, and all of the 10 B-type isolates B/Harbin/07/94-like. Electron micrograph of negative-stained showed about 95 nm and about 71 nm with influenzavirus and adenovirus, respectively. Coxsackievirus and echovirus showed non-enveloped, isometric particle of about 30 nm diameter.
Adenoviridae ; Adenoviridae Infections ; Busan* ; Child ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; Echovirus Infections ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Male ; Pharynx

Severe adenovirus pneumonia has a high mortality and incidence of sequelae. Fever and cough are the main symptoms of children's severe adenovirus pneumonia, but such clinical manifestations are lack of specificity. For children with persistent high fever who are in the epidemic age and season, the adenovirus etiology detection, blood routine, cytokines, T cell subsets and imaging examinations are suggested. Children with early manifestations of infiltration of lung segment and lobar parenchyma, obvious emphysema, interstitial pneumonia or a large amount of pleural effusion should be alerted to have severe adenovirus pneumonia. This article reviews the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of adenovirus pneumonia in different seasons, regions and serology, and the laboratory findings and imaging features of severe adenovirus pneumonia, which would be helpful for the early identification of the disease.
Adenoviridae ; Adenoviridae Infections ; diagnosis ; Fever ; Humans ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis ; Research ; trends

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features of children with severe adenovirus pneumonia (SAP) and hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed from the chart review data of 30 children with SAP and HPS who were admitted from January 2014 to June 2019. According to the prognosis, the children were divided into a good prognosis group (n=18) and a poor prognosis group (n=12). RESULTS: Among the 30 children with SAP and HPS, the ratio of male to female was 2:1. The median age of onset was 1 year and 3 months (range 3 months to 5 years), and the mean course of fever was 19±7 d. Of the 30 children, 28 (93%) experienced disease onset in January to June. High-throughput gene detection of serum pathogens showed that 16 (53%) children were positive for human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV-7), and the other 14 (47%) children were positive for HAdV antigen based on immunofluorescence assay for throat swab, with unknown type. Of all 30 children, 29 (97%) had respiratory complications, 24 (80%) had cardiovascular complications, 16 (53%) had gastrointestinal complications, and 9 (30%) had toxic encephalopathy. Eighteen children (60%) improved or recovered and 12 (40%) did not recover (3 died). Compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had a significantly longer course from onset to diagnosis of HPS (P<0.05), significantly higher levels of fibrinogen and tumor necrosis factor-α (P<0.05), and a significantly lower level of interferon-γ (P<0.05). The mean follow-up time was 6±2 months; 11 (41%) children recovered, 1 (4%) experienced recurrence of HPS, and 15 (56%) had the sequela of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO). CONCLUSIONS HPS may be observed in children with SAP, and PIBO is the most common sequela of SAP.
Adenoviridae ; Adenoviridae Infections ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Male ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Retrospective Studies

Adenoviridae Infections ; Allografts ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans

PURPOSE: To describe the radiologic features of lower respiratory infections associated with adenovirus inchildren and to determine whether these can be differentiated from other lower respiratory infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the radiologic features of 48 lower respiratory tract infectionsassociated with adenovirus in children and diagnosed between December 1990 and August 1996 at Seoul NationalUniversity Children's Hospital. Adenovirus was identified by either viral culture or immunofluorescent staining ofnasal aspirates and/or pleural fluid, and serotested by microneutralization. They were divided into three groups,as follows: type 7 epidemic infection (group I); type 3 sporadic infection (group II); and other(types 1, 2, 4,5, 6) sporadic infection (group III). Each radiological finding was tested for differences among three groups withFisher's exact test. RESULTS: The major radiologic features of adenoviral lower respiratory infection(n=48) werebilateral parahilar peribronchial infiltration(90%), hyperaeration(73%), consolidation(58%), atelectasis(56%) andpleural effusion (31%). In group I(n=27), II(n=8), and III(n=13), bilateral parahilar peribronchialinfiltration(93%, 88%, 85%, respectively), hyperaeration(63%, 88%, 85%), atelectasis(52%, 38%, 77%), pulmonaryconsolidation(81%, 63%, 8%) and pleural effusion(44%, 38%, 0%) were seen. In groups I and II, pulmonaryconsolidation was multiple(82%, 80%, respectively), bilateral(55%, 60%), or extensive(36%, 40%). The prevalence ofconsolidation and pleural effusion in groups Iand II was significantly higher than in group III(p < .05). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary consolidation and pleural effusion, regarded as characteristics of bacterial pneumonia,were common findings in types 7 and 3 adenovirus infections. Parahilar peribronchial infiltration, hyperaeration,and bilateral, multiple, extensive consolidation may be features which can determine whether an infection isadenoviral or due to bacterial pneumonia.
Adenoviridae Infections ; Adenoviridae* ; Child* ; Humans ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia, Bacterial ; Prevalence ; Respiratory System* ; Respiratory Tract Infections* ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

BACKGROUND: Adenoviruses (Ads) are a worldwide cause of endemic and epidemic respiratory infections, particularly in children, young adults and immunocompromised patients. They are responsible for 5% of the acute respiratory infections in children under the age of 4 years and account for about 10% of all cases of childhood requiring hospitalization in this age group. In this study, we report the characteristics of adenoviruses isolated from children with respiratory illness in Busan, 1999~2000. METHODS: A total of 765 children with acute respiratory illness from ten local clinics were studied. Isolation of Ads was performed by inoculating throat swab from patients into Hep-2 cells. The virus propagation was confirmed by the presence of cytopathic effect and adenoviruis specific PCR. Typing of isolated viruses was determined by sequencing analysis of hexon gene. RESULTS: Ads were isolated from throat swab of 17 (2.2%) out of 765 children. The epidemic of Ads infection was concentrated on winter months (December, January, and February). Seventeen Ad isolates showed four serotypes, with Ad3 being the most frequent strain. The distribution of Ads serotypes were eleven (64.7%) Ad3 strains, three (17.6%) Ad5 strains, two (11.8%) Ad2 srtains, and one (5.9%) Ad1 strain. CONCLUSION: Acute respiratory infections by adenoviruses in children were occurred particularly in winter season in Busan. More extended and systematic surveillance of adenovirus infection among populations is required to elucidate the extent of epidemic and disease burden of adenovirus infection.
Adenoviridae Infections ; Adenoviridae* ; Busan* ; Child* ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Pharynx ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Seasons ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Adenoviridae* ; Child* ; Humans ; Influenza, Human* ; Orthomyxoviridae* ; Paramyxoviridae Infections* ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses* ; Respiratory System* ; Respiratory Tract Infections*

Viral respiratory infections are one of the most common infections worldwide. It is important to detect the virus early and precisely. In this study, we evaluated the limit of detection (LoD) and usefulness of the Real-Q RV Detection kit (BioSewoom, Seoul, Korea). We measured the LoD of the Real-Q RV Detection kit using 10 strains of standard viruses. We then compared the detection results by the Allplex Respiratory Panel Assay kit (Seegene, Seoul, Korea) using 123 clinical specimens. The discrepant results were confirmed by sequencing. Among the 10 standard viruses, the LoD of human rhinovirus (HRV) was the lowest and that of parainfluenza virus 2 and 3 was relatively high as detected by Real-Q RV Detection kit. Agreements of the two kits ranged from 95.9% to 100%. Three specimens detected negative by the Allplex Respiratory Panel kit were detected as adenovirus (AdV) by the Real-Q RV Detection kit and were confirmed by sequencing. Similarly, a specimen detected negative by the Allplex Respiratory Panel kit was detected as HRV by the Real-Q RV Detection kit and was confirmed by sequencing. A specimen detected as human enterovirus by the Allplex Respiratory Panel kit was detected as HRV by the Real-Q RV Detection kit and was confirmed by sequencing. Real-Q RV Detection kit showed good diagnostic performance and can be useful for detecting major viruses that cause respiratory infections.
Adenoviridae ; Enterovirus ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Respiratory Tract Infections* ; Rhinovirus ; Seoul

In order to investigate the role of adenovirus in diarrheal children, we evaluated 907 children with diarrhea and 193 children without diarrhea for a 22-month. Stools were tested for group A rotavirus antigen and for adenovirus types 40/41 (Ad 40/41) by using ELISA, cell technique and indirect immunofluorescent method. Adenovirus was detected in 10.1% of the diarrheal children and 3.1% of the non-diarrheal children. Ad40/41 was detected in 4.85% of the diarrheal children. Other nonenteric adenovirus was detected in 5.29% of the diarrheal children. In addition, 24% of the adenovirusinfected children excreted rotavirus simultaneously. Rotavirus was found in 57.1% of the diarrheal patients. Among the diarrheal children. 88% of those with adenovirus were younger than 24 months. Although peaks of adenovirus infection were detected in July and Autumn in the study, there is no apparent seasonal trend with adenovirus. The average duration of admission caused by adenoviral infection was 4.9 days and 88% of the cases accompanied by fever. Stool occult blood test revealed positive reaction in 66.3% of the cases and serum aminotransferase activities transiently elevated in 5.4% of the cases. Diarrhea with more than 10 stools per day, vomiting, or fever in adenovirusinfected children were similar with ratavirus, where as the first two manifestions were associated with confection of rotavirus and adenovirus. Nine out of 92 cases(9.8%) of the gastroenteritis caused by adenovirus revealed intussusception. We conclude that Ad40/41 is an important cause of diarrhea among infants and children, and non-enteric adenovirus is considered to be a cause of diarrhea, but their role in diarrheal children should be further studied.
Adenoviridae Infections ; Adenoviridae* ; Candy ; Child* ; Diarrhea ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fever ; Gastroenteritis ; Humans ; Infant ; Intussusception ; Occult Blood ; Rotavirus ; Seasons ; Vomiting

Adenoviridae ; classification ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Adenoviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Age Distribution ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn