OBJECTIVE: Recent investigations have revealed DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutations are closely related with carcinogenesis of endometrial cancer; however the impact of MMR protein expression on prognosis is not determined. Correlations between MMR-related protein expression and clinicopathological factors of endometrial cancers are analyzed in the present study. METHODS: A total of 191 endometrial cancer tissues treated between 1990 and 2007 in our hospital were enrolled. Immunoreactions for MSH2, MLH1, MSH6, and PMS2 on tissue microarray specimens and clinicopathological features were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Seventy-six cases (40%) had at least one immunohistochemical alteration in MMR proteins (MMR-deficient group). There were statistically significant differences of histology, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, and histological grade between MMR-deficient group and the other cases (MMR-retained group). Response rate of first-line chemotherapy in evaluable cases was slightly higher in MMR-deficient cases (67% vs. 44%, p=0.34). MMR-deficient cases had significantly better progression-free and overall survival (OS) compared with MMR-retained cases. Multivariate analysis revealed MMR status was an independent prognostic factor for OS in endometrial cancers. CONCLUSION: MMR-related proteins expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor for OS, suggesting that MMR was a key biomarker for further investigations of endometrial cancers.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/deficiency/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/deficiency/metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; *DNA Mismatch Repair ; DNA Repair Enzymes/deficiency/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/deficiency/*metabolism ; Endometrial Neoplasms/*diagnosis/drug therapy/genetics/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Middle Aged ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein/deficiency/metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins/deficiency/metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins/deficiency/metabolism ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tumor Markers, Biological/*metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate Siwu decoction and its composite drugs on the blood-deficiency model mice induced by acetylphenyhydrazine and cyclophosphamide.

METHODAcetylphenyhydrazine and cyclophosphamide were used to copy the blood-deficiency model mice. Automatic hematology analyzer was used to test the peripheral hemogram. Weighting method was used to test the liver index and spleen index; Kits for ATPase test was used to test the activities of Na+ - K+ - ATPase/Ca2+ - Mg2+ - ATPase in erythrocyte membrane. Flow cytometry was used to test the bone marrow cells' cell cycle.

RESULTAngelicar Sinensis Radix and Paeoniae Radix Alba had the most effective activity on the peripheral hemogram. Paeoniae Radix Alba, the drug pair including Angelicar Sinensis Radix and the drug- group including Paeoniae Radix Alba had the most effective activity on the liver index. All the drugs, drug-pairs, drug-groups and the formula had effect on the spleen index. To the activity of Na+ - K+ - ATPase in erythrocyte membrane, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, the drug-pairs and drug-groups including Angelicar Sinensis Radix exhibited the most effective activity. All the drugs, drug-pairs, drug-groups and the formula had the protective effect on the damaged bone marrow cells.

CONCLUSIONSiwu decoction and its composite drugs all had effect on the blood-deficiency model mice, but the action intensity was different. Angelicar Sinensis Radix and Paeoniae Radix Alba exhibited the most effective activity to the protection of the blood-deficiency model mice.

Adenosine Triphosphatases ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Angelica sinensis ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cyclophosphamide ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Female ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Paeonia ; Phenylhydrazines ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Spleen ; drug effects ; metabolism