The author investigated the effect of Mg++, Ca++, Na+ and K+ on the ATPase activity of mitochondrial fraction isolated from bovine extraocular muscles and ciliary processes and obtained the following results: 1. The mitochondrial fraction isolated from bovine extrocoular muscle and ciliary process appeared to possess the Na+ & K+ activated ATPase in the presence of Mg++, and on the contrary, in the absence of Mg++, the ATPase was not activated by K+, Na+ and Ca++. 2. The ATPase activity was enhanced with the increase of protein concentration in fractions from both, the bovine extraocular muscle and the ciliary process. 3. The ATPase in those fractions was potently activated under the condition of that the sample was modulated at 10 mM of K+ and 100 mM of Na+, respectively. 4. The K+- and Na+-activated ATPase in the presence of Mg++ was stimulated to enhance its activity by the addition of Ca++ up to 5 micro M, thoughby the higher concentration of Ca++ up to 10 micro M, its activity did not correspondingly increase.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Muscles

No abstract available.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Renal Insufficiency*

No abstract available.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Animals ; Langerhans Cells* ; Mice* ; Oxygen*

No abstract available.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Adenosine* ; Animals ; Brain* ; Mice* ; Microsomes* ; Phenobarbital*

No abstract available.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Adenosine* ; Alkaline Phosphatase* ; Female ; Ovarian Follicle*

The authors have studied 132 biopsy specimens of the levator muscle by light microscopy and electron microscopy, after the external levator resetion for congen ital and acquired ptosis in 98 patients. Severe atrophy and complete absence of the levator muscle fiber were observed frequently in the all types of congenital and acquired ptosis, Fibrosis and fatty infiltration of the levator muscle and Miiller's muscle were examined in the specimens with severe atrophy of muscle fibers, There was no histopathological difference between congenital and acquired ptosis. On histochemical detection of muscle fibers using ATPase stain, lightly stained type I fibers of the levator muscle were larger in amount than darkly stained type II fibers and atrophy of the two fiber was similar in degree. Muller's muscle fiber was preserved well in normal structure.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron

On the developmental process of the lens opacification, some preliminary evidence suggested a defect in the pump mechanism of the lens membrane as one of the triggers for the formation of lens turbidity, eventually water penetration into the lens precedes the initial phase of cataract. Above the biochemical evaluation recognized that an apparent deficiency of Na-K ATPase may be involved in the initial factor of the hereditary mouse cataract. As a matter of one more fact, it found by the technique of lens implantation that the cataract formation of this type may by based on the inductive influences in the lens, not appeared by the outside surrounding of the lens. Additionally, at the developmental process or the cataract, the physico-chemical evidence regarding the changes of three dimensional structure and the aggregation of the soluble lens proteins may be effected in the immediate turbidity phenomenon of the lens. This report which is reviewed focusing on the membrane function delineates the approach to make finding the mechanism of the cataract using the some model expriment.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Animals ; Cataract ; Crystallins* ; Lens, Crystalline* ; Membranes ; Mice ; Water

The authors have studied 67 biopsy specimens of the levator muscle, obtained from the external levator resection for ptosis of 50 patients. Atrophy marking as 3+ and complete absence of the levator muscle fiber were predominating in the specimens of severe congenital ptosis or ptosis with poor levator funtion. The degree of levator muscle atrophy seemed to be related with levator function. Fibrosis and fatty infiltration of the levator muscle and Muller's muscle were examined frequently in the specimens with severe atrophy of muscle fibers. On histochemical detection of muscle fibers using ATPase stain, lightly stained Type I fibers of the levator muscle were larger in amount than darkly stained Type II fibers and atrophy of the two fibers was similar in degree. Muller's muscle fibers were evenly stained with positive ATPase reaction but slightly lighter than Type II fibers.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Muscular Atrophy

No abstract available.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Animals ; Brain* ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid* ; Phenytoin* ; Rats*

2',4'-Dihydroxychalcone (2',4'-DHC) was identified from a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-targeting library as a compound with Hsp90 inhibitory and antifungal effects. In the presence of 2',4'-DHC (8 microg/mL), radial growth of Aspergillus fumigatus was inhibited 20% compared to the control, and green pigmentation was completely blocked. The expression of the conidiation-associated genes abaA, brlA, and wetA was significantly decreased (approximately 3- to 5-fold) by treatment with 2',4'-DHC. The expression of calcineurin signaling components, cnaA and crzA, was also significantly reduced. The inhibitory effects of 2',4'-DHC on metabolic activity and mycelial growth were significantly enhanced by combination treatment with itraconazole and caspofungin. Docking studies indicated that 2',4'-DHC bind to the ATPase domain of Hsp90. These results suggest that 2',4'-DHC act as an Hsp90-calcinurin pathway inhibitor.
Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Aspergillus fumigatus* ; Calcineurin ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Itraconazole ; Pigmentation