BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although it has been known that folate will participate in colorectal carcinogenesis, the relationship between blood folate level and colorectal cancer is less consistent. The blood folate level does not reflect the systemic folate status. By contrast, serum homocysteine has become a sensitive marker for the folate deficiency. We attempted to explain the correlation between folate and colorectal cancer according to the serum homocysteine level. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records, including alcohol history of 184 patients taking the colonoscopy and measurement of the serum homocysteine level at Health Promotion Center from 2001 to 2002. One hundred fifty-one of 184 were included, excluding 33 patients with previous history of colonic polyp, cerebrovascular, cardiovascular attack and thromboembolism. They were divided into the normal control (n=111) and the adenomatous polyp group (n=40). We had selected the colorectal cancer group (n=50) from the collection list of the tissue and blood bank less than 3 months storage interval. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the mean serum homocysteine level among three groups. However, in the subjects with high alcohol consumption, there was a significant difference in the mean serum homocysteine between the normal control (n=7) and the adenomatous polyp group (n=9) (10.2 vs 15.1 micromol/L, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There was no correlation of serum homocysteine and colorectal tumor. However, in the subjects with high alcohol consumption, high serum homocysteine might be related to the development of adenomatous polyp.
Adenomatous Polyps/*blood/pathology ; Alcohol Drinking/blood ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*blood/pathology ; Female ; Homocysteine/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Colorectal varix (CRV) is a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding and usually associated with portal hypertension from liver cirrhosis or portal venous obstruction. Idiopathic CRV have no identifiable underlying cause and can only be diagnosed after the cause of portal or mesenteric vein circulation have been excluded. We report a case of idioipathic CRV presented with rectal bleeding for a week. Colonoscopy revealed markedly dilatated tortuous, and bluish veins in the rectum as well as coexistent adenomatous polyp and internal hemorrhoid. Despite extensive investigation, there was no evidence of portal hypertension or any other cause. Family history was also negative. Although blood transfusions were required, the patient remained asymptomatic without further rectal bleeding.
Adenomatous Polyps ; Blood Transfusion ; Colonoscopy ; Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhoids ; Humans ; Hypertension, Portal ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Mesenteric Veins ; Rectum ; Varicose Veins* ; Veins

Previous studies on life style for colorectal cancer risk suggest that serum lipids and glucose might be related to adenomatous polyps as well as to colorectal carcinogenesis. This case-control study was conducted to investigate the associations between serum lipids, blood glucose, and other factors and the risk of colorectal adenomatous polyp. Male cases with colorectal adenomatous polyp, histologically confirmed by colonoscopy (n=134), and the same number of male controls matched by age for men were selected in hospitals in Seoul, Korea between January 1997 and October 1998. Serum lipids and glucose levels were tested after the subjects had fasted for at least 12 hr. Conditional logistic regression showed that there was a significant trend of increasing adenomatous polyp risk with the rise in serum cholesterol level (Ptrend=0.07). Increasing trend for the risk with triglyceride was also seen (Ptrend=0.01). HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol had increasing trends for the risk, which were not significant. In particular, it was noted that higher fasting blood glucose level reduced the adenomatous polyp risk for men (Ptrend=0.001). This study concluded that both serum cholesterol and triglyceride were positively related to the increased risk for colorectal adenomatous polyp in Korea. Findings on an inverse relationship between serum glucose and the risk should be pursued in further studies.
Adenomatous Polyps/blood* ; Blood Glucose/analysis* ; Case-Control Studies ; Cholesterol/blood* ; Colonic Neoplasms/blood* ; Human ; Korea ; Lipids/blood ; Lipoproteins, HDL Cholesterol/blood ; Lipoproteins, LDL Cholesterol/blood ; Male ; Rectal Neoplasms/blood* ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides/blood*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Adenomatous polyp was a precancerous lesion and it's removal was the secondary prevention of colorectal cancer. So we evaluated: age, sex, gross findings (Yamada type, size, number), histologic types, the incidence of coexisting cancers. METHODS: We analyzed the 125 patients with colon polyps who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy from March 1993 to Febrary 1998 in Pusan Paik hospital Inje university. RESULTS: The male to female ratio was 1:0.43, and the polyps were most common in sixth decade. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom (34.4%). On occult blood examination, 25.5% of the patients with colorectal polyp had positive finding. According to Yamada classification, type IV is 49 patients (39.2%) and type III is 47 patients (37.6%). The most common size was 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm, and single polyp was noted in 68 cases (54.4%). Among patients with colon polyps, 6 cases had coexisting colon cancers, and 1 case was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma. Histologically, the numbers of adenomatous polyp and hyperplastic polyp were 74 (59.2%) and 17 (13.6%). Retention polyps were commom under the age of 20 years, but adenomatous polyps were common over the age of 40 years. Five cases diagnosed as adenomatous polyps on forceps biopsy were proven as nonadenomatous polyps on polypectomy sections. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with colon polyps, 6 cases had coexisting colon cancers and 1 case was diagnosed adenocarcinoma but, did not reach statistical significance. The result of this study suggested that forceps biopsy results were different with polypectomy biopsy results, so we therefore recommands polypectomy as primary treatment for all colonic polyps.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenocarcinoma ; Adenomatous Polyps ; Biopsy ; Busan ; Classification ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colonic Polyps ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Occult Blood ; Polyps* ; Retrospective Studies* ; Secondary Prevention ; Surgical Instruments

OBJECTIVE: To study the change of inflammatory factors at different stages of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS: Thirty normal subjects, 30 patients with colorectal adenomatous polyps and 120 CRC patients at different stages were enrolled. IgG, IgM, and IgA levels, the inflammatory cytokines IL-2, 4, 6, 10, and 12 and the expression of TGF-β 1 and VEGF in the serum were analyzed by ELISA or immunoturbidimetry. RESULTS: The serum concentrations of IL-12, TGF-β 1, and IL-6 in the CRC patients were statistically different compared with the normal and adenomatous polyps, and increased as the disease progressed (P<0.05). IL-6 reached the highest level in C phase of CRC.The serum concentrations of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 were significantly different among the groups. VEGF serum levels in CRC Phase A and Phase B compared with other groups were statistically different, but other serum concentrations had no significant difference (P>0.05). The serum level of IgG, IgM, and IgA in the 3 groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The serum level of inflammatory cytokines TGF-β 1, IL-6, and IL-12 increases gradually with the development of CRC, which may change the microcirculation of patients with CRC, and promote the development of CRC.
Adenomatous Polyps ; blood ; Adult ; Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; blood ; immunology ; Cytokines ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; blood ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-12 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; blood

BACKGROUND: The incidence of colorectal polyps have been reported to be increasing in those aged 30-40 years who consume fast food, have low physical activity, and use alcohol and cigarettes. We analyzed the characteristics and risk factors of colorectal polyps in asymptomatic adults in Jeju Island. METHODS: Data on 1700 individuals who underwent a screening colonoscopy from 1 July, 2010 to 30 June, 2012 were analyzed based on age, gender, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood tests, and behavioral habits including alcohol use, smoking, and exercise. RESULTS: The prevalence of colorectal polyps, including adenomatous and hyperplastic, is 43.1% and is higher in males (P<0.001). The prevalence according to age group shows increasing by age (P for trend<0.001). The most common histologic type of polyp is adenomatous in the <50 years and >50 years age groups, 27.3% and 45.3% respectively. And the percentage of adenomatous polyps has shown an increasing trend along with increasing number and size of polyps (P for trend<0.001). BMI, waist circumference (WC), fasting blood sugar, and triglyceride were higher in males with polyps than males in the control group. BMI and WC were higher and HDL-cholesterol was lower in females with polyps. The incidence of colorectal polyps was higher in male and female smokers (P<0.001 and P=0.035 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that older age, male gender, obesity, and smoking are risk factors for colorectal polyps. The prevalence of colorectal adenomatous polyps is 27.3% in <50 yrs, 33.4% in the 40s. For early detection and treatment, we recommend a screening colonoscopy for those with risk factors.
Adenomatous Polyps ; Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Colonoscopy ; Fast Foods ; Fasting ; Female ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Motor Activity ; Obesity ; Polyps* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tobacco Products ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection and gastric mucosa change and blood-lipid in people undergoing the physical examination in Changsha. METHODS: A total of 2 264 people undergoing physical examination were divided into an H. pyloripositive group (n=1 068) and an H. pylori-negative group (n=1 196). Gastric mucosa change was diagnosed by gastroscopy, blood-lipid and blood sugar were detected, and the statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: The incidence rate of H.pylori infection was 47.2%. The incidence rate of gastric mucosal erosion, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastric mucosal atrophy, gastric polyp, dyslipidemia, increase of triglyceride were (TG) and decrease of the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the H.pylori-positive group were all higher than those in the H.pylori-negative group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). In the H. pylori-positive group, the level of TG in people with gastric mucosal erosion, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer was higher than that in people with normal gastric mucosa or mild gastritis, and HDL-C was lower than that in people with normal gastric mucosa or mild gastritis. CONCLUSION H. pylori infection can induce the gastric mucosa injury and dyslipidemia, which may result in the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease by increasing TG and decreasing HDL-C, thus increasing the risk of atherosclerosis.
Adenomatous Polyps ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Duodenal Ulcer ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; Dyslipidemias ; microbiology ; Gastric Mucosa ; microbiology ; pathology ; Gastritis ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; Helicobacter Infections ; physiopathology ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Physical Examination ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach Ulcer ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; Triglycerides ; blood

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is regarded as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Increased echogenicity suggesting NAFLD is a frequent incidental finding on ultrasound examination. This study examined whether NAFLD is related to colorectal neoplasia. METHODS: We reviewed 1,938 consecutive individuals who underwent screening colonoscopy at Changwon Fatima Hospital between Jan 2009 and Sept 2011. The individuals were divided into adenomatous polyp (Group A; n = 494) and control (Group B; n = 1,444) groups. NAFLD was diagnosed by increased echogenicity on abdominal ultrasound. RESULTS: The prevalence of NAFLD was 171 (34.6%) in group A and 336 (23.3%) in group B. Compared with normal subjects, group A subjects were more likely to be men, older, and have a higher body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, waist circumference, fasting glucose, uric acid, triglyceride, HbA1c, Hb and gammaGT levels, and a higher prevalence of NAFLD, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, older age (> or = 50 years) (OR 2.051; 95% CI 1.647-2.553), male sex (OR 2.419; 95% CI 1.837-3.184), and prevalence of NAFLD (OR 1.289; 95% CI 1.004-1.655) were associated with an increased risk of adenomatous polyps. CONCLUSIONS: NAFLD is associated with a high prevalence of colorectal neoplasia. A fatty liver on abdominal ultrasound might predict the development of colorectal adenomatous polyps and cancer.
Adenomatous Polyps ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Fasting ; Fatty Liver ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidental Findings ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Uric Acid ; Waist Circumference