In this study, 35 rabbits were divided into 2 groups: group A included 15 rabbits, that were intoxicated with nitrogen oxide at dose 274.48 mg/m3 of the air; and group B included 20 rabbits that were intoxicated at dose 203.04 mg/m3. Results: all of rabbits in group A died from acute pulmonary edema; PaO2 strong decreased after intoxication, CtO2 decreased at 8 hours after intoxication, PaCO2 and t.CO2 in arterial blood increased. In group B, 55% of rabbits died after intoxication, and the changes of blood gas measurements were similar to those in group A. However, these measurements in survival rabbits were decreased after 24h and then increased at 48h after intoxication
Adenomatosis, Pulmonary ; Nitrogen Oxides ; Animals ; Edema

To carry out pathologic diagnoses and whole-genome sequence analyses of the Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) in Xinjiang, China, we first observed sheep suspected to have the JSRV. Then, the extracted virus suspension was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Total RNAs from lungs of JSRV-infected sheep were extracted and reverse-transcribed using a cDNA synthesis kit. Six pairs of primers were designed according to the exogenous reference virus strain (AF105220). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was carried out from JSRV-infected tissue, and the whole genome of the JSRV sequenced. Our results showed: flow of nasal fluid ("wheelbarrow test"); different sizes of adenoma lesions in the lungs; papillary hyperplasia of alveolar epithelial cells; alveolar cavity filled with macrophages; dissolute nuclei in central lesions. TEM revealed JSRV particles with a diameter of 88 nm to 125. 4 nm. The full-length of the viral genome sequence was 7456 bp. BLAST analyses showed nucleotide homology of 96% and 95% compared with that of the representative strain from the USA (AF105220) and UK (AF357971). Nucleotide homology was 89.8% and 89.9% compared with the endogenous Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus, Inner Mongolia strain (DQ838493) and USA strain (EF680300). The specific pathogenic amino-acid sequence "YXXM" was found in the TM district, similar to the exogenous JSRV: this gene has been reported to be oncogenic. This is the first report of the complete genomic sequence of the exogenous JSRV from Xinjiang, and could lay the foundation for study of the biological characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms of the pulmonary adenomatosis virus in sheep.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; China ; Genome, Viral ; Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; pathogenicity ; Lung ; pathology ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine ; pathology ; virology ; Sheep ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; Virulence

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) of lung.

METHODSEight cases of AAH of lung were studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemical staining for p16, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), Ki-67, p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-erbB-2.

RESULTSThe mean age of the patients was 52 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:3. Two patients were chronic smokers. The clinical symptoms were relatively non-specific. Three patients had past history of non-pulmonary tumors, while 4 patients had lung adenocarcinoma. CT scan revealed solitary or multifocal hyperdense opacities. Histologically, the lesions ranged from 1 mm to 6 mm in size. Two cases were solitary and 6 cases were multifocal. All were of high-grade lesions. Associated low-grade component was noted in 3 cases. There was no evidence of local recurrence or disease progression in the 7 patients with post-operative follow-up information available (mean duration of follow up = 23 months). Four patients had received chemotherapy as well. Immunohistochemical study showed variable positivity for p16 (5/8), TTF-1 (5/8), Ki-67 (with proliferation index ranging from 1% to 10%), p53 (1/8) and EGFR (1/8). The staining for c-erbB-2 was negative (0/8). Four cases of AAH were associated with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The adenocarcinoma cells were diffusely positive for TTF-1 (4/4), variably positive for p16 (2/4), Ki-67 (with proliferation index ranging from 2% to 40%), p53 (1/4) and EGFR (3/4), and negative for c-erbB-2 (0/4).

CONCLUSIONSAAH of lung is associated with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Diagnosis of AAH requires correlation with CT findings and pathologic examination.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenomatosis, Pulmonary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Precancerous Conditions ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Transcription Factors

Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA) is a naturally occurring contagious lung tumor of sheep which was caused by an exogenous retrovirus of sheep, jaagsiekte retrovirus (JSRV). Although no specific circulating antibodies against the virus coud be detected in infected sheep, exogenous JSRV proviral DNA sequences (exJSRV) and JSRV RNA transcripts could be detected in lung tumors, lymphoreticular system and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from sheep affected by OPA. The sheep genome carried 15 to 20 copies of endogenous retrovirus loci (enJSRV) that were similar to JSRV in structural genes but the divergene in U3. Therefore, primers specific for the U3 sequences of exJSRV were designed for the specific PCR and nested PCR (n-PCR). Sensitivity between specific PCR assay and n-PCR assay was compared by using serial dilutions of positive plasmid pJSRV-LTR in a background of 700ng sheep genome DNA. Sensitivity of n-PCR was ten-fold higher than specific PCR. The n-PCR was only available in blood test for detection of JSRV infected sheep and might be useful in epidemiological studies and disease control of OPA.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Endogenous Retroviruses ; genetics ; Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus ; genetics ; Lung Neoplasms ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine ; virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases ; virology ; Virus Cultivation