Cyclins are the regulatory subunits of cyclin-dependent kinase and play an important role in cell proliferation. Many tumors, such as colon, breast and gastric carcinomas are known to be involved in the deregulation or amplification of cyclins, especially cyclin E, which involves the restriction point of G1-S transition. We investigated the expression of cyclin E in benign and malignant epithelial tumors of the gallbladder and compared the results with the activity of cell proliferation by the Ki67 antigen using immunohistochemical staining. Cyclin E was expressed in the adenocarcinoma tissue in 33.3% of patients (4 out of 12 cases), whereas only one out of 8 cases of adenoma expressed cyclin E (12.5%). There was a correlation between cyclin E expression and the Ki67 labeling index. These results suggest that the high expression of cyclin E in adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder is related to a high rate of cell proliferation.
Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma/metabolism* ; Adenoma/pathology ; Adenoma/metabolism* ; Adult ; Aged ; Cyclin E/metabolism* ; Female ; Gallbladder Neoplasms/pathology ; Gallbladder Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Age

To determine the content of thyroglobulin in oxyphilic cells of the thyroid, which have been considered as non-thyroglobulin producing cells, the degree of stainability of the various oxyphilic cells for thyroglobulin was compared with that of non-oxyphilic follicular cells in either same or different lesion. A total of 13 oxyphilic lesions, including three follicular adenomas containing oxyphilic cell nodules, four pure oxyphilic cell adenomas, and six Hashimoto's thyroiditis were compared with 16 of non-oxyphilic lesions such as, seven follicular adenomas, four chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, and five Graves' disease. Many oxyphilic cells stained positively for thyroglobulin regardless of their morphologic variation, but less intensely than the usual follicular cells in follicular adenomas, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, and Graves' disease. The stainability of oxyphilic cells for thyroglogulin did not show any significant correlation with morphologic features, whereas in follicular adenomas, the non-oxyphilic follicular cells forming microfollicles stained less strongly for thyroglobulin than the same cells lining large mature follicles in a reproducible way. With above findings, we concluded that oxyphilic cells maintain the functional activity in terms of thyroglobulin synthesis, although the content of the thyroglobulin is less than that of non-oxyphilic colloid forming follicular cells.
Adenoma/*metabolism/pathology ; Graves Disease/*metabolism/pathology ; Humans ; Staining and Labeling ; Thyroglobulin/*biosynthesis ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune/*metabolism/pathology

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of Survivin (SVV) protein in colorectal carcinogenesis and its clinical significance. METHODS Immunohistochemistry staining was performed by two-step EnVision technique for the paraffin sections, which included 90 adenomas, 25 ademomas with high-grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, and 108 colorectal adenocarcinomas.

RESULTSExpressions of SVV, P53, and Bcl-2 were observed in tumor cells of the sections. The positive rate of SVV in tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, and tubulovillous adenomas were 30% (12/40), 40.9% (9/22), and 35.8% (10/28), respectively. The positive rate of SVV in tubulovillous adenomas with high-grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia were 68% (17/25). The positive rate of SVV in carcinomas of stage A, B, and C were 75% (27/36), 81.3% (26/ 32), and 95% (38/40), respectively. SVV expressions among the three types of adenomas without neoplasia were not significantly different (P > 0.05). SVV expression between each type of the above-mentioned ademoma and tubulovillous adenoma with high-grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia or different Dukes stages of colorectal carcinoma was significantly different (P < 0.05). SVV expressions in adenocarcinomas and adenomas with high grade glandular intraepithelial neoplasia were significantly higher than those in adenomas (P < 0.01). The expressions of P53 and Bcl-2 had no significant difference among them. No association was noted between SVV expression and P53 or Bcl-2 expression (P = 0.487, P = 0. 437).

CONCLUSIONSSVV is abnormally expressed in the early stage of colorectal carcinogenesis, which may be correlated with the carcinogenesis of colorectal ademoma. SVV expression may be useful to distinguish adenocarcinoma from adenoma in colorectal carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features and proliferative status of colorectal hyperplastic polyp (HP), sessile serrated adenoma (SSA) and traditional serrated adenoma (TSA).

METHODSOne hundred and four cases colorectal serrated lesions were collected from 2628 cases of colorectal polyps during the period from November, 2002 to December, 2007. The clinicopathologic features and expression of proliferation marker Ki-67 were studied.

RESULTSOn the basis of morphologic examination, 60 cases were classified as HP, 20 cases as TSA, 11 cases as SSA, 7 cases as mixed HP/SSA/TSA, and 6 cases as mixed serrated polyp/adenoma and tubular adenoma. Immunohistochemical study for Ki-67 showed that 40 cases (78%) of the 51 cases of HP were either mostly negative or rarely (<25% cells) positive. Most of the positive cells were located at crypt bases. Among the 15 cases of TSA, 11 of them revealed positive cryptal cells (25% to 50% or>50% positivity). Most of the positive cells were located in mid portion of crypts. The number and distribution of Ki-67 positive cells in SSA were similar to those in TSA but were significantly different from those in tubular adenoma and adenocarcinoma (chi2=34.601, P=0.000; chi2=63.077, P=0.000, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSHP, SSA and TSA have their morphologic characteristics, with some overlapping features noted. The distinction between SSA and HP can be difficult. Diagnosis of SSA relies mostly on architectural rather than cytologic features. The distinction between TSA and SSA depends mainly on the presence of dysplasia. Ectopic crypt formation is almost exclusively seen in TSA. The distribution and percentage of Ki-67-positive cells are also helpful in subtyping of various colorectal serrated lesions. In general, the proliferative index is lower in serrated adenoma (TSA or SSA) than in tubular adenoma.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma, Villous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Polyps ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Signal Transduction ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology

Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of EphA2 and E cadherin proteins in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, and to explore the relationship between them. METHOD: Using immunohistochemical SP/PV method, we detected the expression of EphA2 and E cadherin in tumors of 43 papillary thyroid carcinomas, 11 thyroid adenoma and 10 normal thyroid tissues, then studied their relationships with clinic pathological factors. RESULT: The total positive rates of EphA2 and E cadherin expression were 58. 14% and 32. 56% in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, 18. 18% and 81. 81% in thyroid adenoma.tissues and they were 10. 00% and 100. 00% in normal thyroid tissues respectively. The positive expression of EphA2 in carcinoma tissues was higher than in the thyroid adenoma tissues and normal thyroid tissues (P<0. 05) and the positive expression of E cadherin in carcinoma tissues was lower than that in the thyroid adenoma tissues and normal thyroid tissues (P<0. 05). The positive expression of EphA2 and E cadherin was associated with lymph node metastasis and histological grade (P<0. 05), but it was not associated with all the clinic-pathological factors including age, sex and the tumor size (P>0. 05). In papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues, the expression of EphA2 was negatively correlated with the expression of E cadherin protein (r= -0. 416, P<0. 01). CONCLUSION EphA2 and E cadherin may be involved in carcinogenesis and development of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Antigens, CD ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Receptor, EphA2 ; metabolism ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Gland ; metabolism ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Cystitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometriosis ; immunology ; pathology ; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; pathology ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Male ; Metaplasia ; pathology ; Racemases and Epimerases ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Uterine Diseases ; immunology ; pathology

Adenoma, Villous ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-20 ; metabolism ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Mullerian Ducts ; pathology ; Papilloma ; pathology ; Vaginal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Adenoma ; pathology ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Ear Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endolymphatic Sac ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Vimentin ; metabolism