1.Evaluation of the histo-gastroprotective and antimicrobial activities of heliotropium indicum linn (BORAGINACEAE)
Akinlolu Abdulazeez Adelaja ; Ayoola M. D. ; Otulana J. O., Akinola O. B. ; Abimbola Olayiwola ; A. B. Ejiwunmi
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2008;15(3):22-30
Heliotropium indicum of the family Boraginaceae is used locally in Nigeria to treat ailments such as ulcer and fever. In this study, ulceration of the gastric mucosa in
Wistar rats was induced via the oral administration of 80mg/kg/bodyweight of Indomethacin. Histological analyses of the stomach body wall in the rats of Groups
2 and 4 (which received 100mg/kg/bodyweight of extract before oral administration of 80mg/kg/bodyweight Indomethacin and 80mg/kg/bodyweight Indomethacin only
respectively) showed erosion of the mucus-secreting cells, gastric pit, upper and middle parts of gastric glands and some of the parietal cells. Histological
observations of the stomach body wall in rats of Group 5 (which received 200mg/ kg/bodyweight of extract before oral administration of 80mg/kg/bodyweight of
Indomethacin) showed erosion of the mucus-secreting cells, gastric pit and the upper most part of the gastric gland. Histological observations of the stomach
body wall in rats of Groups 1, 6 and 3 (which received 50mg/kg/bodyweight of Ranitidine and 400mg/kg/bodyweight of extract before oral administration of 80mg/
kg/bodyweight Indomethacin; and only 80mg/kg/bodyweight of Normal Saline respectively) showed normal morphological appearance of the different components
of the mucosa layer. Thus, the aqueous extracts of the dried leaves of Heliotropium indicum have dose dependent histo-gastroprotective effects.
2.Ameliorative effects of Moringa on cuprizone-induced memory decline in rat model of multiple sclerosis.
Gabriel Olaiya OMOTOSO ; Ismail Temitayo GBADAMOSI ; Theresa Titilayo AFOLABI ; Ahmad Bolakale ABDULWAHAB ; Adelaja Abdulazeez AKINLOLU
Anatomy & Cell Biology 2018;51(2):119-127
Cuprizone is a neurotoxin with copper-chelating ability used in animal model of multiple sclerosis in which oxidative stress has been documented as one of the cascade in the pathogenesis. Moringa oleifera is a phytomedicinal plant with antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. This study aimed at evaluating the ameliorative capability of M. oleifera in cuprizone-induced behavioral and histopathological alterations in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of Wistar rats. Four groups of rats were treated with normal saline, cuprizone, M. oleifera and a combination of M. oleifera and cuprizone, for five weeks. The rats were subjected to Morris water maze and Y-maze to assess long and short-term memory respectively. The animals were sacrificed, and brain tissues were removed for histochemical and enzyme lysate immunosorbent assay for catalase, superoxide dismutase, and nitric oxide. Cuprizone significantly induced oxidative and nitrosative stress coupled with memory decline and cortico-hippocampal neuronal deficits; however, administration of M. oleifera significantly reversed the neuropathological deficits induced by cuprizone.
Animals
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Brain
;
Catalase
;
Cuprizone
;
Hippocampus
;
Memory*
;
Memory, Short-Term
;
Models, Animal*
;
Moringa oleifera
;
Moringa*
;
Multiple Sclerosis*
;
Neurons
;
Nitric Oxide
;
Oxidative Stress
;
Plants
;
Prefrontal Cortex
;
Rats*
;
Rats, Wistar
;
Superoxide Dismutase
;
Water