Objective Through investigation on hospital infection, to learn the actual status of hospital infection and improve hospital infection management work continuously. Methods Via transect investigation, all hospital-ized patients were investigated by bed-visiting and patients, medical records, checking at the same time. ResultsA total of 3032 cases were enrolled, and the prevalence from 2010 to 2012 were 6. 10%, 5.30% and 4.17%, re-spectively. ICU had the highest prevalence of 39.29%. The lower respiratory tract ranked the first place (45.16%) among infection sites. Invasive operation increased the risk of nosocomial infections. The utilization rates of antibiotics of the hospitalized patients from 2010 to 2012 were 67.7%, 64. 8%, and 54. 1%, respectively. The microbial submission rates for the therapeutic medication were 39 . 00%, 46.99%, and 55 . 01%, respective-ly. The gram-negative bacteria were dominant among the isolated bacterias, accounting for 61.39%. ConclusionThe prevalence survey in the nearly three years shows that the prevalence of nosocomial infections is decreasing,and the microbial submission rate for the therapeutic medication is also increasing by improved hospitalized conditions, strict management of antibiotics and enhanced surveillance.

Objective To investigate the effect of inhaled pravastatin on the acute inflammation of lung in smoked rats.Methods 32 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups(n=8 per group),as the controls,cigarette-smoking exposure group,saline or pravastatin treatment groups.The rats in the control group were treated routinely,the other groups were exposed to cigarette smoking for one week.Rats in saline or pravastatin group were treated with saline or pravastatin inhalation respectively.During smoking exposure period rats were weighted before and after the treatment,executed at day eight,blood,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),and lung tissue were collected.The morphological alternations of lung tissue were observed.Total cell numbers in BALF were counted.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum IL-10 and IL-17 content.Results The increase of body weight of smoke-exposed rats were less than that of the controls.In smoking-exposed rats,acute inflammatory changes were remarkable in the lung.The total cell numbers in BALF and levels of IL-10 were increased significantly(P<0.05).These changes were mitigated in pravastatin treated rats and an IL-10/IL-17 rebalance was observed.Conclusion Inhalation of pravastatin sodium has a certain inhibitory effect on cigarette smoke-induced acute lung inflammation in rats.

Objective To study the sub chronic toxicity of silver nanoparticles on medaka.Methods Adult fish were divided into silve nenopartides and control group.Animals were collected on 14 days after exposure, and some toxicological endpoints such as death rate, tissue distributed of silver irons, oxidative stress and histopathological damage were measured.Results There were significant difference in death rate of medaka treated with silver nanoparticles and control group.Compared with the control group, the content of silver in gill, intestine and liver of medaka treated with silver nanoparticles were increased significantly.Compared with control group, the activity of LDH in liver and SOD in liver and gill were significantly decreased(P<0.01).The content of MDA in liver of medaka treated with silver nanoparticles was significantly increased(P<0.01).The liver and gill of mekada treated with silver nanoparticles were damaged, compared with control group.Conclusion Nano silver has a certain subchronic toxicity to aquatic life.

Objective Through analyzing benign and malignant pleural effusion samples by proteomic techniques, finding protein biomarkers to provide help and new clues for effusion differential diagnosis.Methods Two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS) were used to search and identify protein biomarkers, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was to validate the biomarkers.Results By comparing malignant group with benign group, 43 significantly different protein spots(Up or down regulated≥2 times) were found.Including 9 up regulated spots and 34 down regulated spots.And 7 spots were identified(Up or down regulated≥3 times) by MALDI-TOF-MS and validated 2 spots immunoglobulin λ(Igλ) and haptoglobin(Hp) by ELISA.The results showed that Igλ showed no statistical significance between two groups, while Hp showed the statistical significance(P<0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of Hp in malignant pleural effusion were 75.00% and 52.38% at diagnostic cut-off point of 389.02 μg/L.Conclusion The application of proteomics technology has a great help with protein biomarkers searching in pleural effusion.HP has a certain value for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusionand and worthy of further study.

Objective To explore the effect of the association of low molecular heparin and Galectin-3 on the cell migration and cell proliferation of vascular endothelial cell from mesenchymal stem cells.Methods Depending on the administration, this study was divided into four groups: low molecular weight heparin group, adding 20 mg/L low molecular weight heparin into the cells;Galectin-3 group, adding 5 mg/L Galectin-3 into the cells;combination group, adding 20 mg/L low molecular weight heparin and 5 μg/ml of Galectin-3 into the cells;control group, equal volume of PBS buffer into the cells.The proliferation of vascular endothelial cell was to be detected by EdU incorporation,the cell growth cycle of vascular endothelial cell was to be detected by flow cytometry,and the cell migration of vascular endothelial cell was to be detected by scrath test.Then to investigate the effect of different conditions on the migration and proliferation of vascular endothelial cell.Results The OD490 of MWH group, Galectin-3 group, combined group and control group were (0.285±0.018), (0.297±0.041), (0.351±0.016), and (0.233±0.005) respectively, which indicates that the combined group could increase the cell proliferation significantly(P<0.05).Cultured for 24 hours, the cell migration rate was(42.02±7.62), (45.82±3.96), (68.53±11.22),and (34.21±3.99), suggesting that combined group have the largest cell migration(P<0.05).Conclusion The association of low molecular heparin and Galectin-3 could improve the cell migration and cell proliferation of vascular endothelial cell from esenchymal stemcells significantly.

Objective To identify the expression of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) and their putatively modulated cytokines in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1 infected monocytes and to explore the role of lncRNAs in immunomodulation of HIV-affected host cells.Methods RNAs arrays were used to screen the lncRNAs differentially expressed in HIV-infected monocytes and subsequently confirmed by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR).A siRNA was designed and transfected to the human monocytes, followed by interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α detection with ELISA.Results The results of the screening assays and qRT-PCR showed that the expression of lncRNA-n266623 was up-regulated in monocytes after HIV-1 infection;the secretions of IL-1β,IL-10 and TNF-α in human monocytes were significantly enhanced following transfection of siRNA targeting lncRNA-n266623 in the monocytes.Conclusion The HIV-1 infection can promote the expression of lncRNA-n266623 which may inhibit the expressions of IL-1β, IL-10 and TNF-α in monocytes and negatively regulate the immune response to HIV-1 infection.

Objective To investigate the difference in EMG peroneal nerve conduction velocity between patients with diabetic foot ulcers and T2DM patients without diabetic foot and its influencing factors.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of a total of 108 patients, including 54 inpatients with diabetic foot and 54 T2DM patients without diabetic foot ulcers, so as to investigate the difference in EMG peroneal nerve conduction velocity between these two groups of patients and its influencing factors.Results Compared with the control group, EMG peroneal nerve conduction velocity was slower in the diabetic foot group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).There were significant differences in education attainment, WBC count, neutrophil ratio, hemoglobin, albumin, and ABI between the two groups (P<0.05).Peroneal sensory nerve conduction velocity presented negative correlation with HbA1C, WBC count, and neutrophil ratio(P<0.05), and positive correlation with fasting C-peptide level, hemoglobin, albumin, and ABI (P<0.05).Peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity presented negative correlation with smoking duration, HbA1C, and neutrophil ratio (P<0.05), and positive correlation with hemoglobin and albumin (P<0.05).Conclusion Diabetic perineuropathy is an important risk factor for diabetic foot ulcers.Poor blood glucose control, infection, smoking, poor pancreatic islet function, anemia, hypoproteinemia, and poor lower limb blood supply may contribute to the development or progression of diabetic perineuropathy.In preventing and treating diabetic foot, it is therefore desirable to lay stress on blood glucose control, give active anti-infective treatment, improve or protect pancreatic islet function, and correct anemia and hypoproteinemia;attention should also be paid to patient education on diabetes and foot diseases.

Objective To explore the gene frequency of apolipoprotein A5(APOA5)-1131T>C single nucleotide polymorphisms and its relationship with the fat contents of adult Tibetans in Tibet and Han nationality population in Liaoning province.Methods In 100 Tibetan nationality(the study group) and 100 Han nationality individuals(the control group), the polymorphism of apoa5-1131T>C genotypes was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragments length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP), and fat contents were got by using bioelectrical impedance measurement.Results Results of fat contents of body, trunk and limbs(left upper limbs, left lower limbs, right upper limbs, right lower limbs and total limbs) were respectively below:① There was significant difference between male TC+CC genotype and TT genotype of Tibetan nationality.There was significant difference between male TT genotype of Tibetan nationality and of Han nationality.② There was significant difference between female TT genetype of Tibetan nationality and of Han nationality except result of the body fat contents.③ There was significant difference between the trunk and total limbs fat contents in male TT genotype, and male TC+CC genotype of Tibetan nationality and of Han nationality, and female TT genotype of Tibetan nationality.Conclusion APOA5 gene-1131T>C affects the body fat contents of Tibetans and Han nationality population, and APOA5 gene-1131T>C probably affects lipopexia in trunk.

Objective To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of pigment epithelium derived factor(PEDF) acting upon SK-MES-1 cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).Methods CCK-8 was used to detect the effect of varying concentrations of PEDF upon HUVECs and SK-MES-1 cell, measuring the degree of cell proliferation and inhibition effect across varying times.The flow cytometry tests were carried out to invest gate the apoptosis of these two kinds of cells when exposed to varying concentration of PEDF.qRT-PCR were carried out to assess the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) gene expression level in these two kinds of cells after treatment of PEDF.Results CCK-8 results revealed that PEDF had a concentration-dependent and time-dependent cell proliferation inhibition effect on SK-MES-1 cell and HUVECs(P<0.05);Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis of the cells in the treatment group were higher than that of control group(P<0.05), and the apoptosis rate of high concentration group was higher than that of the low concentration group(P<0.05);qRT-PCR results showed that PEDF was able to inhibit expression of mRNA of VEGF in both HUVECs and SK-MES-1 cell compared with control samples(P<0.05).Conclusion The antitumor properties of PEDF is mainly related to the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and direct effects on tumor cells, the effect of PEDF on HUVECs and SK-MES-1 cell maybe related to the effects of PEDF on downregulating expression of VEGF.

Objective To investigate the effects of GM1 and Edaravone on expressions of PDK1,GSK3βprotein in ischemic penumbra after local cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in intraluminal thread occlusion of the middle cerebral artery rats and its related mechanism. Methods The local cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model was established by intraluminal thread occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The animals were randomly divided into pseudo surgery group,model group,GM1 group, Edaravone group and GM1 and Edaravone group. Using the techniques of immu-no-histochemical sraining,the expressions of PDK1,GSK3β protein were observed at 3,7 and 14 days in ischemic penumbra. Results In ischemic penumbra,3,7,14 days each time point,a value and positive unit of the PDK1 protein expression in GM1 and Edaravone groups were higher than those in GM1 or Edaravone groups(P<0. 05), model groups(P<0. 01);a value and positive unit of the GSK3βprotein expression in GM1 and Edaravone groups were lower than those in GM1 or Edaravone groups(P<0. 01),model groups (P<0. 01). Conclusion GM1 and Edaravone resist neural cell apoptosis,regulate PI3K /Akt signal transduction pathway by enhancing PDK1 protein and restraining GSK3β expression after local cerebral ischemia /reperfusion in artery rats.