No abstract available.
Acrosome Reaction* ; Acrosome* ; Male ; Semen*

No abstract available.
Acrosome* ; Fertilization* ; Humans* ; Male ; Spermatozoa*

OBJECTIVE: This study has been carried out to evaluation the effect of fertilization promoting peptide (FPP) on the kinematic parameters, capacitation and acrosome reaction of the frozen-thawed human spermatozoa. METHODS: After FPP treatment, we examined kinematic parameters, capacitation and acrosome reaction, using the methods of computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) and chlortetracycline (CTC) fluorescence analysis. RESULTS: We have obtained the evidence that FPP can promote the capacitation and inhibit the spontaneous acrosome reaction of frozen-thawed human spermatozoa in vitro. Fpp (25~100 nM) induced a significant increase in the proportion of B-pattern capacitated spermatozoa, and a significant decrease in the proportion of F-pattern uncapacitated ones without significant stimulation of acrosomal exocytosis. In the kinematic parameters treatment, FPP treated groups maintained higher LIN, BCF and STR than those of control. The VAP, VSL, VCL and ALH were not different. Therefore it is suggested that FPP in human seminal plasma may play a positive role in promoting human sperm function.
Acrosome Reaction* ; Acrosome* ; Chlortetracycline ; Exocytosis ; Fertilization* ; Fluorescence ; Humans* ; Male ; Semen ; Spermatozoa*

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the application of Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) G250 staining for the detection of human sperm deformity rate, rate of intact acrosome and acrosome reaction.

METHODSThe smear of spermatozoa before and after capacitation and induced acrosome reaction with progesterone (P) were stained with 0.05% CBB G250 and Wright-Giemisa solution respectively, and visualized with light microscopy. The deformity rate of spermatozoa, rate of intact acrosome and acrosome reaction were calculated.

RESULTSThere was no any difference in detection of deformity rate of spermatozoa and rate of intact acrosome with CBB G250 and Wright-Giemisa staining(P < 0.05). The sperm population of acrosome reaction with induced P was divided by CBB staining into two types: positive staining with dark violet blue on acrosome cap and pale or negative staining on the same area. The rate of the latter was increasing with increasing inductive time, maybe representative of the rate of acrosome reaction. The mean rate was(75.1 +/- 3.8)% after induced for 1 h.

CONCLUSIONSCBB G250 staining is a reliable method for assessment of the human sperm morphology and acrosome reaction.

Acrosome ; metabolism ; Acrosome Reaction ; Humans ; Male ; Rosaniline Dyes ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Spermatozoa ; cytology ; enzymology ; Staining and Labeling

OBJECTIVE: We performed this study to evaluate the effects of Sil-Select and Percoll in sperm preparation. METHODS: Semen samples of 22 patients with normal sperm parameters by WHO criteria were divided into two equal parts and prepared with Percoll and Sil-Select. After completion of semen preparation procedures with Percoll and Sil-Select, sperm concentration, motility and morphology using strict criteria were evaluated in each group and all semen samples were fixed and stained for transmission electron microscopy(TEM). RESULTS: There were no significant diffrences in sperm concentration, percentage of motile spermatozoa and percentage of normal spermatozoa in morphology evaluation using strict criteria under light microscopy between Percoll and Sil-Select-treated groups. However, the percentage of normal shape and position of acrosome, and normal helix assembly of mitochondria under TEM were significantly higher in the Sil-Select-treated group compared to Percoll-treated group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that Sil-Select is less detrimental to the acrosome and mitochondria of spermatozoa in sperm preparation compared to Percoll.
Acrosome ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Mitochondria ; Semen ; Spermatozoa*

Globozoospermia, as a severe teratozoospermia caused by gene mutations, is a rare congenital disease with main clinical manifestations of the round head of sperm and abnormality or absence of acrosome, and its precise mechanism is not yet clear. Studies show that the pathogenic genes associated with globozoospermia include SPATA16, PICK1, GOPC, Hrb, Csnk2a2 and bs. This paper outlines the progress in the studies of molecular genetics of globozoospermia, aiming to contribute to the molecular diagnosis and mechanism investigation of the disease.
Acrosome ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Mutation ; Spermatozoa ; abnormalities

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of seminal vesicle fluid (SVF) on the acrosome reaction (AR) occurred spontaneously or induced by Ca2+ ionophore A23187, follicular fluid, and progesterone in mouse epididymal sperm. SVF was divided into high (MW>10 kM)) and low (MW<10 kD) fractions by ultrafiltration. The low MW fraction of SVF decreased the rate of spontaneous AR, however the high MW fraction did not. It suggested that the low MW fraction of SVF might have contained decapacitation factor(s) responsible for prolonging of time need for capacitation. When sperm preincubated for 60 min in the presence of SVF, the rate of AR induced by A23187 was decreased, but prolongation of preincubation time for 120 min significantly potentiated the AR by A23187. It suggested that addition of SVF into sperm preincubation medium imposed the epididymal sperm a condition similar to ejaculation. AR induced by human follicular fluid or progesterone was also inhibited by SVF. It suggested that substance in SVF might have affected AR of mouse sperm by inhibiting the interaction between AR inducing ligands and sperm surface receptors involved in acrosomal exocytosis.
Acrosome Reaction* ; Acrosome* ; Animals ; Calcimycin ; Ejaculation ; Exocytosis ; Female ; Follicular Fluid ; Humans ; Ligands ; Male ; Mice* ; Progesterone ; Seminal Vesicles* ; Spermatozoa* ; Ultrafiltration

SUMMARY: Some of the information concerning sexual function in the male diabetes has been focused upon the problems of endocrine or semen parameters. However, the characteristics of acrosome reaction and spermatozoa concentration at the epididymis and vas deferens have scarcely been studied, and the causes of the infertility has not been critically identified. So, we designed to inspect the spermatozoa concentration and the characteristics of acrosome reaction at epididymis and was deferens of diabetic Wistar rat induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 70 mg/kg, ip). Experimental animal was sacrificed at 3 days and 14 days after the STZ injection. In the diabetes-induced rat, the levels of insulin and glucose had a pattern of inverse proportion. The spermatozoa concentrations in caput and corpus epididymis were significantly decreased in all diabetic condition. In cauda epididymis, however, there was significant decrease in sperm concentration at 14 days onward. In diabetic rat, the spontaneous reaction rate of spermatozoa of cauda and was deferens were significantly higher than the control group. The ARIC (acrosome reaction to ionophore challenge) value of caudal sperm was 28.7 at control, 22.1 at 3 days, and 8.3 at 14 days. In the present study the spermatozoa concentration was decreased and the spontaneous reaction rate was increased by diabetes. In ARIC-test, it is revealed that the fertility of spermatozoa of 14 days group was lower than control or 3 days group. Diabetes mellitus may be provoke the decreased fertilization rate and subsequent infertility.
Acrosome Reaction* ; Acrosome* ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Epididymis ; Fertility ; Fertilization ; Glucose ; Humans ; Infertility ; Insulin ; Male ; Rats* ; Semen ; Spermatozoa* ; Streptozocin ; Vas Deferens

It has been reported that the Ca2+-ATPase and the Ca2+-Na+exchanger play an important role for the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ in somatic cells, the Ca2+-ATPase located in the plasma membrane helps the Ca2+ concentration in maintain low [Ca2+]i. Roldan & Fleming reported that the spermatozoan Ca2+-ATPase plays an important role in the capacitation and acrosome reaction. We used to assess Ca2+ changes by chlortetracycline (CTC) patterns in the capacitation and acrosome reaction of human and hamster spermatozoa. In the present study applying quercetin which has been known as an ATPase antagonist, the enzymatic effect of Ca2+-ATPase on capacitation and acrosome reaction was found to be remarkable: a significant increase of the transformation from the original type to the B type and the AR type of spermatozoa. This finding suggests that Ca2+-ATPase play an important role in the efflux and the influx of the Ca2+ which have been known to be an essential factor for the capacitation and acrosome reaction, and that the inhibitory action of the Ca2+-ATPase might be a prerequsit step toward the capacitation and acrosome reaction. In conclusion, this study suggest the considerable evidence as follows: the increment of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration occurred by controlling the slope of Ca2+ concentration through Ca2+-ATPase activites in both the intracellular and extracellulr fluid may be important procedures for the capacitation and the acrosome reaction, and finally for fertilization of the sperm and ovum.
Acrosome Reaction* ; Acrosome* ; Adenosine Triphosphatases ; Animals ; Cell Membrane ; Chlortetracycline* ; Cricetinae ; Fertilization ; Fluorescence* ; Humans ; Male ; Ovum ; Quercetin ; Spermatozoa

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of sperm motility stimulants on the hyperactivation (HA), acrosomal reaction (AR) and sperm penetration assay (SPA) in fresh and frozen-thawed spermatozoa from fertile men. METHODS: We treated the semen samples obtained from 20 normospermic men (fresh semens from 10 and cryopreserved ones from 10) with pentoxiphylline (PF) and 2-deoxyadenosine (2-DXA) to evaluate the change of the patterns of motility using the computerized motility analyzer. The semen samples treated with motility stimulants were incubated in the medium with calcium ionophore A23187 for the examination of the proportion of acrosome lost spermatozoa. Finally we performed SPA in both groups for the evaluation of fertilizing capacity after stimulant treatments. RESULTS: In both fresh and cryopreserved semen samples, the addition of PF and 2-DXA significantly altered the patterns of motility (ALH, VCL, HA) known to have association with sperm quality without increasing the number of sperms with progressive motility and velocity. A23187 induced AR was also augmented by the treatment with PF and 2-DZA. Although the treatment with PF did not increase the mean rates of egg penetration significantly, in selected cases in the cryopreserved semen group, the improvement of the motility pattern was impressive. CONCLUSION: PF and 2-DXA can improve the quality of sperm function in both fresh and frozen-thawed semen from normal fertile men and may increase the sperm penetration rate of zona-free hamster eggs in selected samples of the frozen-thawed semen. The results suggest that PF and 2-DXA pretreatment can be used in the clinical practice for intrauterine insemination (IUI) program with frozen-thawed sperms as well as with samples from men with abnormal semen parameters. In addition, it may be a cost- effective therapy to try IUI combined with such a pretreatment for the couples planned to enter into the ART program.
Acrosome ; Acrosome Reaction ; Animals ; Calcimycin ; Calcium ; Cricetinae ; Eggs ; Family Characteristics ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans ; Insemination ; Male ; Ovum ; Semen ; Sperm Motility* ; Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Spermatozoa*