A 41-year-old heterosexual African man was evaluated for persistent urethral discharge, pneumaturia and watery diarrhea. Radiographic and endoscopic procedures established the diagnosis of a rectourethral fistula. The differential diagnosis of an acquired rectourethral fistula and the significance of AIDS are discussed.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*complications ; Adult ; Case Report ; Diverticulum/*complications/diagnosis ; Human ; Male ; Rectal Fistula/*complications/diagnosis ; Urethral Diseases/*complications/diagnosis

AIDS is a serious threat to human health and has become a global public health problem. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can effectively reduce AIDS mortality rate, but has limitations in improving the patient's symptoms and improve quality of life. The literatures about the therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on HIV/AIDS were reviewed. The symptoms of HIV/AIDS and the procedures of treatments were analyzed. The acupuncture intervention on HIV/AIDS was investigated. It showed that the acupuncture intervention may markedly improve the condition of HIV/AIDS. From a clinical point of view, we discussed the acupuncture treatment of AIDS-related symptoms, effectiveness and safety evaluation. It may contribute to build a comprehensive treatment system in which acupuncture is dominated for HIV/AIDS.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Cough ; complications ; therapy ; Diarrhea ; complications ; therapy ; Herpes Zoster ; complications ; therapy ; Humans

PURPOSE: To describe an unusual case of rapidly progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN) with vitreous hemorrhage in a 41-year-old woman with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who had retinitis developed from what was probably varicellar-zoster virus combined with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex type 1,2, as proven by the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP). METHODS: This study is a case report detailing clinical follow-up and an aqueous humor test by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: The deep, white retinal lesions coalesced and progressively expanded in a circumferential manner, with sparing of the perivascular retina. However, retinal and vitreous hemorrhages, unusual findings for PORN, could be noted around the optic nerve. Varicellar-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex types 1,2 (HSV-1,2) were detected in the aqueous humor by PCR. CONCLUSIONS: PORN has been described as a variant of necrotizing herpetic retinopathy, occurring particularly in patients with AIDS. Although the etiologic agent has been reported to be VZV, concurrent or combined etiologic agents can include HSV-1, HSV-2, and CMV in AIDS patients. Therefore, combined antiviral therapy with acyclovir and ganciclovir could be more reasonable as an initial therapy.
Vitreous Hemorrhage/*complications ; Retinitis/*complications/pathology/*virology ; Necrosis ; Humans ; *Herpes Zoster ; Female ; Disease Progression ; Adult ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*complications

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has been described in patients with advanced stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but rarely occurs during the seroconversion stage of acute HIV infection. We report a case of acute HIV syndrome that presented with virus-associated HLH. The patient recovered spontaneously without any immunomodulating therapy. This case suggests that acute HIV infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of HLH and indicates that HLH associated with acute HIV infection can have a favorable outcome.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/*diagnosis ; Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; HIV Infections/complications/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Korea ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/etiology/*pathology ; Male

Kaposi's sarcoma, non-hodgkin's lymphoma and invasive cervical was named AIDS-related cancer. This article introduces the appeal tumor research progress of modern medicine, and raises that antivirus, immune reconstitution and antitumor are the key factors in the treatment of AIDS-related cancer. Traditional Chinese medicine may play a role in the following aspect: relieve antiviral drug adverse reaction, have some antiviral effect,adjust the immune function,enhance efficacy and decrease toxicity of radiotherapy. According to the patients' immune function and the treatment phase, etc. It will contribute to improve the patients'lives and prolong the survival period to establish reasonable and comprehensive treatment strategies and to combine holistic therapy with individual therapy.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Neoplasms ; complications ; drug therapy ; immunology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo norm the behavior of AIDS cough in traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment and improve the clinical level of cough treatment for HIV/AIDS, and build AIDS cough diagnosis and treatment procedures in traditional Chinese medicine.

METHODCombined with clinical practice,to formulate questionnaire on AIDS cough in traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment by both English and Chinese literature research to expertise consultation and verify the results of the questionnaires on the statistics using the Delphi method.

RESULTQuestionnaire contents consist of overview, pathogeny, diagnosis standard, dialectical medication (phlegm heat resistance pulmonary lung and kidney Yin deficiency lung spleen-deficiency), treating spleen-deficiency (lung), moxibustion treatment and aftercare care and diet and mental, average (2.93-3.00), full mark rate (93.10%-100%) ranks average (9.91-10.67) and (287.50-309.50) of which are the most high value, and the variation coefficient is 0.00, the Kendall coefficient (Kendalls W) is 0.049 which is statistical significance, the questionnaire reliability value of alpha was 0.788.

CONCLUSIONPreliminary standarded concept, etiology and pathogenesis, diagnosis and syndrome differentiation treatment of AIDS cough, basically recognised by the experts in this field, and laid the foundation of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment on develop the AIDS cough specifications.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; Cough ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; standards ; Reference Standards ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo compare effects of integrated treatment traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine (TCM-WM) and simple western medicine on TCM clincal symptoms in the patient of AIDS with pulmonary inflammation.

METHODA multicenter randomized controlled trials of 164 subjects evaluated the effects of clinical symptoms of AIDS with pulmonary inflammation of TWO regimens: the TCM-WM group (n = 111) and western medicine treatment group (n = 53), while incidence of TCM symptoms in different time points in two groups were analyzed.

RESULTTwenty eight days after treatment, the cured and markedly effective rate of TCM symptoms in the TCM-WM group significantly exceeding that in the western medicine treatment group (cured and markedly effective rate significant efficiency 44.55% vs 20.00%), while the incidence rate for the TCM symptoms of fever and headache in the TCM-WM group was significantly lower than that in western medicine group.

CONCLUSIONThe integrated treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine helps to alleviate the TCM clinical symptoms of AIDS with pulmonary inflammation.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pneumonia ; complications ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) is the commonest opportunistic ocular infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), typically occurs when CD4+ T cell counts fall below 50/mm3. CMVR accounts for the majority of the vision loss associated with HIV-related eye diseases. However progress in the studies on CMVR, including the prevalence, clinical features, differential diagnosis and recent advances in the management of CMVR is reviewed.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; HIV Infections ; complications ; Humans

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with compromised immunity are prone to hemophagocytic syndrome secondary to opportunistic infections.This paper reports a rare case of hemophagocytic syndrome secondary to human parvovirus B19 infection in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient,and analyzes the clinical characteristics,aiming to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and prevent missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/drug therapy* ; Erythema Infectiosum/complications* ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications* ; Parvoviridae Infections/diagnosis* ; Parvovirus B19, Human

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and autoimmune disorders (AID).

METHODSThe clinical data of 117 MDS patients were reviewed.

RESULTSNineteen (16.2%) of 117 MDS patients had AIDs. The commonest AID associated with MDS was rheumatoid arthritis (31.6%) and ulcerative colitis (26.3%). Compared with that in MDS patients without autoimmune disorders, the leukemic transformation rate was not increased in the MDS/AID but the median survival time was shorter in MDS/AID patients.

CONCLUSIONMDS patients associated with autoimmune disorders may be an unfavorable factor for their prognosis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; complications ; Autoimmune Diseases ; complications ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Predictive Value of Tests