No abstract available.
Acidosis, Respiratory* ; Alkalosis, Respiratory*

Study was performed on 30 mothers of normal delivery, 80 mother of premature rupture of amniotic membrane and long labour and their 110 newborn infants. Results showed that the infants of mother with premature rupture of membrane and with long labour were the most vulnerable, needing closed monitoring at least 1 week after delivering. Infants with culture (+) of amniotic fluid, ear fluid and naso-pharyngeal fluid were highly vulnerable to respiratory infections. The commonly isolated bacteria were E. coli, S. aureus. The antibiotics with good sensibility were cephalotin, gentamycin against gram (-) bacteria, erythromycin and bactrim against staphylococci
Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; Respiratory Tract Infections

CO2 subcutaneous emphysema is one of the complications of laparoscopic surgery using CO2 gas. During laparoscopic surgery, CO2 gas can spread to the entire body surface through the subcutaneous tissue layer. Extensive CO2 subcutaneous emphysema results in hypercarbia and acute respiratory acidosis. Hypercarbia and acidosis can lead to decreased cardiac contractility and arrhythmia. A cloth band, 5 cm in width and 120 cm in length, was made with Velcro tape at both tips, and placed on the patient's xyphoid process level and inframammary fold to prevent CO2 subcutaneous emphysema. This report describes two successful cases using a chest band to prevent the expansion of CO2 subcutaneous emphysema.
Acidosis ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Emphysema ; Laparoscopy ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Thorax

PURPOSE: Convulsive status epilepticus induces disturbance in acid-base homeostasis. It is known that metabolic acidosis is common after status epilepticus. A recent, discovery indicates respiratory acidosis is common after status epilepticus. This study is to analyze the acid-base disturbances in patients with status epilepticus. METHODS: Retrospectively, we reviewed twenty-five patients with status epilepticus, who were admitted to the pediatric department of Chosun University Hospital between January 1995 and August 2000. We have analyzed the clinical correlation among the acid-base disturbance, the incidence of pulmonary infiltration, and the type and duration of convulsions. RESULTS: Acid-base disorders in the status epilepticus were revealed in 17(68%) of 25 patients. Respiratory acidosis with or without metabolic acidosis was most common(N= 13; 52%). There was no significant correlation between the pulmonary infiltration(N=8; 32%) and the acid-base disorders(P>0.05). The most common seizure type in status epilepticus was generalized tonic clonic(72%). In that type, the most common acid-base disorder was respiratory acidosis(11/18). The mean serum pH was significantly decreased with duration of seizures(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study finds that respiratory acidosis with or without metabolic acidosis was most common in status epilepticus. There was no significant correlation between pulmonary infiltration and acid-base disorders. Respiratory acidosis was most common in generalized tonic clonic seizure.
Acidosis ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Incidence ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Status Epilepticus*

PURPOSE: Severe acidosis by various causes can lead to multi-organ dysfunction including cardiac dysfunction (CD) due to myocardial injury. The aims of this study are to investigate CD in newborn infants with severe acidemia at the first day of life and to evaluate the effect on myocardial injury according to the type and the severity of acidosis. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of infants > or =34 weeks of gestational age with severe acidemia (pH<7.2) at the first day of life. Infants treated by inotropics due to CD were defined as CD group. To evaluate myocardial injuries, various cardiac enzymes were measured using a commercial kit. RA group (pCO2>60 mmHg) and non-RA group (pCO2< or =60 mmHg) were classified based on the presences of respiratory acidosis. Severe base excess (BE) group (BE<-10) and mild BE group (BE> or =-10) were classified based on the degree of BE. RESULTS: The levels of CK-MB and myoglobin had significant negative relation with BE. CD group had higher incidences of seizure and mortality and higher levels of CK-MB and cTnI than those of non-CD group. Severe BE group had higher incidences of CD and seizure and higher levels of CK-MB, myoglobin and cTnI than those of mild BE group. Non-RA group had higher levels of CK-MB and myoglobin than those of RA group. CONCLUSION: At the first day of life, the newborn infants with severe metabolic acidosis have high incidences of CD and myocardial injury. Aggressive monitoring and appropriate treatment for CD according to myocardial injury should be recommended in the newborn infants with severe metabolic acidosis.
Acidosis ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Myoglobin ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures

Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome is characterized by the presence of a benign ovarian tumor associated with ascites and a right-sided hydrothorax. The major problem associated with pseudo-Meigs' syndrome is the respiratory distress caused by a giant mass in the peritoneal space, massive ascites and pleural effusion. Even if there are no respiratory problems prior to surgery, potential respiratory dysfunction can occur during the peri-anesthetic period, leading to hypoxia, hypercapnea and respiratory acidosis. We report a case of hypoxia during recovery from anesthesia in a gynecological patient with pseudo-Meigs' syndrome.
Acidosis, Respiratory ; Anesthesia ; Anoxia ; Ascites ; Humans ; Hydrothorax ; Pleural Effusion

Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome is characterized by the presence of a benign ovarian tumor associated with ascites and a right-sided hydrothorax. The major problem associated with pseudo-Meigs' syndrome is the respiratory distress caused by a giant mass in the peritoneal space, massive ascites and pleural effusion. Even if there are no respiratory problems prior to surgery, potential respiratory dysfunction can occur during the peri-anesthetic period, leading to hypoxia, hypercapnea and respiratory acidosis. We report a case of hypoxia during recovery from anesthesia in a gynecological patient with pseudo-Meigs' syndrome.
Acidosis, Respiratory ; Anesthesia ; Anoxia ; Ascites ; Humans ; Hydrothorax ; Pleural Effusion

BACKGROUND: The determinants of intubation and the response to therapy in COPD patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure were retrospectively reviewed. METHODS: This study involved a review of 132 episodes of hypercapnic respiratory failure(PaCO2≥50mmHg and pH≤7.35). The time frame for resolution or the time to intubation of patients who were admitted between 1996 and 1999 was analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 132 hypercapnic episodes, 49(37%) required intubation. A comparison was made with the 83 cases that responded to treatment. Patients requiring intubation had greater severity of illness, which included a higher APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) score (20±5 vs 14±4 ; p<0.01), a higher WBC, a higher serum BUM, and greater acidosis (pH, 7.23±0.11 vs 7.32±0.04 ; p<0.01). Those with the most severe acidosis(pH<7.20) had the highest intubation rate(87%) and shortest time to intubation (2±3 h). Conversely, those with an initial pH 7.31 to 7.35 were less likely to be intubated(20%), and had a longer time to intubation(97±121 h). The patients with a pH 7.21 to 7.25(4.1±2.9 day) required longer period of time to respond to medical treatment than patients with a pH of 7.31 to 7.35(2.2±3.1 day). Of those patients requiring intubation, half(55%) were intubated within 8 h of admission, and most (75%) within 24 h. Of those patients responding to treatment medical therapy, half(52%) recovered within 24 h and most (78%) recovered within 48 h. CONCLUSION: Respiratory acidosis at the initial presentation is associated with an increased likelihood of intubation. This shold assist in deciding help with the decision whether to treat patients medically, institute noninvasive ventilation, or proceed to intubation.
Acidosis ; Acidosis, Respiratory ; APACHE ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Intubation* ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; Physiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Respiratory Insufficiency* ; Retrospective Studies

Capnometer has been used in anesthesia for the evaluation of pulmonary ventilation because of its nonivasive and continuous monitoring advantges. We studied pulmonary ventilation effects with arterial blood gas parameter between normoventilation and hyperventilation with capnometric control during 1 hr duration. We devided two group. Control group was maintained PetCO2 38 mmHg and experimental group PetCO2 28 mmHg and four times arterial blood gas sample were done. The results were as follows. 1) Serum K+ concentration was decreased siginifcantly in hyperventilation group. 2) Arterial pH changes were observed respiratory alkalosis in experimental group and respiratory acidosis in control group. 3) (a-t)PCO2 differnce were increased in both group and especially control group with correlation of time duration. 4) No arrhythmia were detected in both group. We conclude that only capnometric control of pulmonary ventilation is not suffieient and it has to be combined periodic ABGS and resetting of ventilation mode.
Acidosis, Respiratory ; Alkalosis, Respiratory ; Anesthesia ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Hyperventilation* ; Pulmonary Ventilation ; Ventilation

Femoral arterial blood had been analyzed for pCO2 and pH by Astrup technique in 10 comatose patients with respiratory insufficiency due to acute drug intoxication, all of whom eventually recovered. It was found that blood gas analysis did not always surpass clinical judgement as to the efficiency of mechanical ventilation. The readers are reminded of the difference between in vitro and in vivo CO2 titration curves of human blood in acute respiratory acidosis.
Acidosis, Respiratory ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Coma ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Respiration, Artificial* ; Respiratory Insufficiency*