The substitute materials of autologous tissue graft for periodontal soft tissue augmentation surgery develop rapidly. The use of substitute material can avoid the second operation area, shorten the operation time, reduce the postoperative reaction and pain, and is not limited by the quantity, suitable for a wide range of cases. In this paper, the characteristics, histological study, clinical application and therapeutic effect of acellular dermal matrix as a substitute material for autologous tissue transplantation were introduced to provide reference for clinical work.
Acellular Dermis ; Wound Healing

No abstract available.
Acellular Dermis* ; Animals ; Dogs* ; Transplants*

OBJECTIVETo study the microstructue of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and the attachment and proliferation of MG63 osteoblast-like cells on the membrane.

METHODSADM was experimental group and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) membrane was control group. Light microscope and scanning electronic microscope (SEM) were used to observe the microstructure of the two kinds of membrane. MG63 osteoblast-like cells were cultured on the two kinds of membrane and the blank group. The cell viability was checked by cell viability analyzer (CVA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected by ELISA. SEM was used to observe the adhesion and proliferation of the MG63 osteoblast-like cells on the two kinds of membrane.

RESULTSThe ADM was composed of the tissular side and basal lamina side. The tissue side showed scale-shaped structure and the basal lamina side demonstrated many digitations and some pores of folliculus pili. The e-PTFE showed many tiny lined cracks in elliptic structure. The viability of the MG63 osteoblast-like cells on the two kinds of membranes and ALP measurement showed that there was no significant difference between each of the two membrane groups and the blank. The adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-like cells on the two kinks of membranes were both well.

CONCLUSIONADM has no negative effects on the growth of osteoblast-like cells. ADM is biocompatibile and its microstructure is appropriate for guided bone regeneration materials.

No abstract available.
Acellular Dermis ; Ulcer ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: Gingival recession is a major esthetic concern and may lead to root sensitivity during periodontal treatment. Coronally advanced flaps (CAFs) with and without acellular dermal matrix (ADM) are widely used in root coverage procedures. The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of CAF in combination with ADM in the treatment of gingival recession. METHODS: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Embase were used to identify relevant articles. The articles were screened, data were extracted, and the quality of the studies was assessed by three reviewers with expertise in clinical practice, trials, statistics, and biomedical editing. The clinical endpoints of interest included changes in recession, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and keratinized tissue (KT). RESULTS: Ten randomized controlled trials were identified, including six studies that compared CAFs with ADM and CAFs using connective tissue grafting (CTG) and four studies that compared CAFs with or without ADM. No statistically significant differences were found between the use of ADM and CTG, whereas statistically significant differences were found between groups in which ADM and CAF were combined and groups that underwent CAF alone with regard to recession coverage, CAL, and KT. The combination of CAF with an ADM allograft achieved more favorable recession coverage and recovery of CAL and KT than CAF alone. CONCLUSIONS: The results from the ADM and CTG groups suggest that both procedures may be equally effective in clinical practice. Given the limitations of this study, further investigation is needed to clarify the effectiveness of ADM and CAF in clinical practice.
Acellular Dermis* ; Allografts ; Connective Tissue ; Gingival Recession ; Transplants

PURPOSE: Deficiencies of the abdominal wall can be the a result of infection, surgery, trauma, or primary herniation. For abdominal wall reconstruction, synthetic materials have been shown to provide a better long-term success rate than primary fascial repair. But, synthetic materials cannot elicit angiogenesis or produce growth factor and are therefore plagued by an inability to clear infection. As a result of the inherent drawbacks of synthetic, significant effort has been spent on the identification of new bioprosthetic materials. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a synthetic material(PROCEED(R)) and an ADM(SureDerm(TM)) to repair abdominal wall defects in a rabbit models. METHODS: We measured the tensile strength of the SureDerm(TM) and PROCEED(R) by a Tension meter(Instron 4482). 16 Rabbit models were assigned to this study for abdominal wall reconstruction. Abdominal defect of 8 rabbits were reconstructed by PROCEED(R) and the rest were reconstructed by SureDerm(TM). We assessed gross and histologic examinations for the reconstructed abdominal wall. RESULTS: The tensile strenth of SureDerm(TM) and Gore Tex(R) is 14.64+/-0.51 Mpa, 8.54+/-0.45 Mpa. PROCEED(R) was estimated above the limits of measurement. Inflammatory reaction of PROCEED(R) persisted for 32weeks, but SureDerm(TM) decreased after 16weeks. Vascular ingrowth into the SureDerm(TM) was seen after 32 weeks. The basement membrane of SureDerm(TM) changed into a form of pseudoperitoneum. In PROCEED(R), it seemed like pseudoepithelial lining was made from the fibrosis around the mesh. CONCLUSION: In our study, the SureDerm(TM) not only have less inflammatory reaction and presented more angiogenesis than the PROCEED(R), but also have pseudoperitoneum formation. It is expected that SureDerm(TM) is useful for abdominal wall reconstruction. However, a long-term study of its usage consequences are thought to be needed.
Abdominal Wall ; Acellular Dermis ; Basement Membrane ; Fibrosis ; Rabbits ; Tensile Strength

Acellular Dermis ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; methods ; Nipples ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the application of acellular dermal matrix and acellular bone matrix in the management of oro-antral fistula. METHODS: Nine patients with oro-antral fistula (with defect greater than 5 mm×5 mm) after maxillary cyst resection or maxillary molar extraction were selected. The defects were repaired by the simultaneous implantation of acellular dermal matrix and acellular bone matrix. RESULTS: The incisions of nine patients were all primary healing. After 6 months of follow-up, the oro-antral communication healed well, and no symptom such as nasal congestion or runny nose was observed. The clinical and CT examinations confirmed wound healing. CONCLUSIONS The usage of acellular dermal matrix and acellular bone matrix is a reliable repairing method for ora-antral fistula.
Acellular Dermis ; Bone Matrix ; Fistula ; surgery ; Humans ; Wound Healing

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix (ADM) dressings for the treatment of wounds in burn patients. Methods: The meta-analysis method was adopted. Databases including Chinese Journal Full-text Database, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, and Chinese Biomedical Database were retrieved with the search terms in Chinese version of ", , , " and PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were retrieved with the search terms in English version of "xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix, dressing, burn wound, burn" to obtain the publicly published randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of xenogeneic ADM dressings for the treatment of wounds in burn patients from the establishment of each database to December 2021. The outcome indexes included wound healing time, ratio of scar hyperplasia, Vancouver scar scale (VSS) score, ratio of complications, ratio of skin grafting, and ratio of bacteria detection. Rev Man 5.3 and Stata 14.0 statistical softwares were used to conduct a meta-analysis of eligible studies. Results: A total of 1 596 burn patients from 16 studies were included, including 835 patients in experimental group who received xenogeneic ADM dressings therapy and 761 patients in control group who received other methods therapy. The bias risk of all the 16 included studies was uncertain. Compared with those in control group, patients in experimental group had significantly shorter wound healing time, lower VSS scores (with standardized mean differences of -2.50 and -3.10, 95% confidence intervals of -3.02--1.98 and -4.87--1.34, respectively, P values both <0.05), and lower ratios of scar hyperplasia, complications, skin grafting, and bacteria detection (with relative risks of 0.58, 0.23, 0.32, and 0.27, 95% confidence intervals of 0.43-0.80, 0.14-0.37, 0.15-0.67, and 0.11-0.69, respectively, P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that the difference of intervention measures in control group might be the source of heterogeneity in wound healing time. There was no publication bias in ratio of scar hyperplasia (P≥0.05), while there was publication bias in wound healing time, VSS score, and ratio of complications (P<0.05). Conclusions: Xenogeneic ADM dressings can shorten the wound healing time of burn patients, reduce the VSS score and the ratios of scar hyperplasia, complications, skin grafting, and bacteria detection.
Humans ; Cicatrix ; Acellular Dermis ; Hyperplasia ; Burns/therapy* ; Bandages

A full-thickness skin defect was made on the back of rabbits to evaluate the characteristics of commonly used artificial dermis. The artificial dermis used in this experiment was Alloderm , Integra and Terudermis . The Integra and Terudermis are bilayer membranes composed of bovine collagen matrix and silastic membrane which functions as the epidermis. Alloderm is acellular dermal matrix obtained from human cadaveric skin. These artificial dermis were applied to the full-thickness skin defect on the back of rabbits and the histologic changes were evaluated 3 days, 1 week, 10 days, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after its application. Thin split-thickness skin graft taken from the abdomen was applied on the artificial dermis immediate after Alloderm graft and 2 weeks after Terudermis and Integra graft. The process of skin graft "take" was evaluated on the 3 rd, 5 th, and 7 th day after split-thickness skin graft. The formation of new collagen and capillaries, and infiltration of fibroblasts were found earliest and most remarkably in case of Alloderm , latest and least remarkably in case pf Integra . The arrangement of collagen fibers was most regular in Alloderm but there was no significant difference between Terudermis and Integra . The original structure of the artificial dermis disappeared 1 week after Terudermis graft but the structure remained until 4 th week after Integra graft, which means the cross-link of Integra is stronger than the other artificial dermis. The thickness of artificial dermis decreased from initial 0.43 mm to 0.34 mm(79.7% of initial thickness) on the 4 th week in Alloderm , from 1.22 mm to 0.89 mm(73.0%) in Terudermis , from 1.34 mm to 1.13 mm(84.3%) in Integra . The decrease of thickness was statistically significant in all artificial dermis. In conclusion, Alloderm has best cellular affinity to the host: the skin graft over the Alloderm turns out to be the best, but Alloderm is the thinnest among artificial dermis. Terudermis has better cellular affinity to the host than Integra , which means better vascularity and more collagen fibers in Terudermis . However, Intra keeps thicker volume than Terudermis . Best artificial dermis will be chosen according to the clinical conditions.
Abdomen ; Acellular Dermis ; Cadaver ; Capillaries ; Collagen ; Dermis* ; Epidermis ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Membranes ; Rabbits ; Skin ; Transplants*