OBJECTIVE: To determine whether post-stroke patient’s perceived exertion correlates with effort intensity score as measured by a wearable sensor and to assess whether estimates of perceived exertion are correlated to the cerebral hemisphere involved in the stroke. METHODS: We evaluated the effort intensity score during physiotherapy sessions using a wearable sensor and subjects assessed their perceived exertion using the modified Borg CR10 Scale. RESULTS: Fifty-seven subacute stroke patients participated in the study. The correlation between perceived exertion rating and measured effort intensity was insignificant—mean (r=−0.04, p=0.78) and peak (r=−0.05, p=0.70). However, there was a significant difference (p<0.02) in the perceived exertion ratings depending on the cerebral hemisphere where the stroke occurred. Patients with left-hand side lesions rated their perceived exertion as 4.5 (min–max, 0.5–8), whereas patients with right-hand side lesions rated their perceived exertion as 5.0 (2–8). CONCLUSION: While there was an insignificant correlation between perceived exertion and effort intensity measured by a wearable sensor, a consistent variations in perceived exertion estimates according to the side of the cerebral lesion was identified and established.
Accelerometry ; Cerebrum ; Humans ; Motor Activity ; Rehabilitation ; Stroke

OBJECTIVE: Accelerometer is a convenient device that can easily measure human movement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its usefulness in the assessment of hemiparetic gait after stroke. METHOD: Twenty hemiparetic stroke patients were enrolled in the study. A portable accelerometer was attached between L3,4 intervertebral area. Vertical and medio-lateral acceleration was measured while walking 10 m. Walking ability of each subject was classified by Functional Walking Category (FWC). RESULTS: Accelerometric parameters, such as walking speed, a mean amount of peak vertical acceleration in one gait cycle, mean peak value of unaffected side, peak vertical acceleration ratio, step time ratio were significantly higher in groups of FWC 4, 5, 6 than in groups of FWC 2, 3. In subjects using cane there was an extra peak other than peaks observed in non-users. Mean peak value, step length of unaffected side and cadence were significantly higher in non-users than in users. CONCLUSION: Trunk accelerometer can be used as an objective method to evaluate walking ability in hemiparetic patients after stroke.
Acceleration ; Accelerometry* ; Canes ; Gait ; Humans ; Stroke ; Walking*

BACKGROUND: Little is known on how context-specific sedentary behaviors (SB) affect adiposity. This study aimed to investigate compositional associations between context-specific SB and adiposity and estimate the differences in adiposity associated with replacing school and out-of-school SB with physical activity (PA). METHODS: This study included 336 children and adolescents. Time spent in SB and PA was estimated using multi-day 24-hour raw accelerometer data. SB and PA were specified for school and out-of-school times. Fat mass percentage (FM%) and fat mass index (FMI) were used as adiposity indicators. A compositional isotemporal substitution model was used to estimate differences in adiposity associated with one-to-one reallocations of time from context-specific SB to PA. RESULTS: Participants spent approximately two thirds of their school and out-of-school time being sedentary. Relative to the remaining 24-h movement behaviors, significant associations between out-of-school SB and adiposity were found in both boys (β CONCLUSIONS A reduction of out-of-school SB in favor of light PA should be advocated as an appropriate target for interventions and strategies to prevent childhood obesity.
Accelerometry ; Adiposity ; Adolescent ; Child ; Czech Republic ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Schools ; Sedentary Behavior

This study explored the potential utility of gait analysis using a single sensor unit (inertial measurement unit [IMU]) as a simple tool to detect peripheral neuropathy in people with diabetes. Seventeen people (14 men) aged 63±9 years (mean±SD) with diabetic peripheral neuropathy performed a 10-m walk test instrumented with an IMU on the lower back. Compared to a reference healthy control data set (matched by gender, age, and body mass index) both spatiotemporal and gait control variables were different between groups, with walking speed, step time, and SDa (gait control parameter) demonstrating good discriminatory power (receiver operating characteristic area under the curve >0.8). These results provide a proof of principle of this relatively simple approach which, when applied in clinical practice, can detect a signal from those with known diabetes peripheral neuropathy. The technology has the potential to be used both routinely in the clinic and for tele-health applications. Further research should focus on investigating its efficacy as an early indicator of or effectiveness of the management of peripheral neuropathy. This could support the development of interventions to prevent complications such as foot ulceration or Charcot's foot.
Accelerometry ; Dataset ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Foot ; Foot Ulcer ; Gait ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Walking

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to assess intention tremor severity caused by brain injury using tri-axial accelerometry and also to determine the reliability and the correlation with clinical measurements. METHOD: Twenty two patients with intention tremor caused by brain injury were included. The quantitative measurement of tremor was performed using tri-axial accelerometry during finger to nose test. The dominant frequency and amplitude of tremor were acquired using Fast Fourier transformation analysis. The severity of tremor was also clinically rated by clinical rating scale for tremor, hand writing test, figure drawing test, pouring water test. The correlation between clinical measurement and tri-axial accelerometry measurement, and the inter-rater reliability were assessed. RESULTS: The tri-axial accelerometry measurement showed good inter-rater reliability. The mean dominant frequency was 3.10 Hz. The amplitudes at dominant frequency were significantly correlated with clinical rating scale for tremor, pouring water test (p<0.05) but not with hand writing test, figure drawing test. CONCLUSION: Quantitative measurement of intention tremor using tri-axial accelerometry may be very useful to assess the tremor severity caused by brain injury.
Accelerometry* ; Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Fingers ; Fourier Analysis ; Hand ; Humans ; Intention* ; Nose ; Tremor* ; Water ; Writing

Organophosphate intoxication causing the extrapyramidal symptom is not frequent. A case of Parkinson's syndrome caused by organophosphate intoxication was observed, of which is reported with the quantitative measurement of tremor using Tri-axial accelerometry. A fifty nine year-old male was admitted to Wonju Christian Hospital after the intake of organophosphate for the purpose of suicide and three days after the accident, involuntary movements were detected. The encephalography and MRI showed no abnormality. With Tri-axial accelerometry, we detected less than 4 Hz resting tremor. The tremor did not response to L-dopa, and in the follow up examination performed 149 days after the accident, an increase in amplitude was detected. Gait disturbance and dysarticulation became more severe. In a case of the organophosphate intoxication patient, very rare Parkinson's syndrome findings were detected, and the tremor during the resting period was measured quantitatively by electromyography and Tri-axial accelerometry.
Accelerometry ; Dyskinesias ; Electromyography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gait ; Humans ; Levodopa ; Male ; Suicide ; Tremor

OBJECTIVE: Reduce the number of false alarms and measurement time caused by movement interference by the sync waveform of the movement. METHODS: Vital signal monitoring system based on motion sensor was developed, which collected and processed the vital signals continuously, optimized the features and results of vital signals and transmitted the vital signal results and alarms to the interface. RESULTS: The system was tested in many departments, such as digestive department, cardiology department, internal medicine department, hepatobiliary surgery department and emergency department, and the total collection time was 1 940 h. The number of false electrocardiograph (ECG) alarms decreased by 82.8%, and the proportion of correct alarms increased by 28%. The average measurement time of non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) decreased by 16.1 s. The total number of false respiratory rate measurement decreased by 71.9%. CONCLUSIONS False alarms and measurement failures can be avoided by the vital signal monitoring system based on accelerometer to reduce the alarm fatigue in clinic.
Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Electrocardiography ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Blood Pressure ; Accelerometry ; Clinical Alarms

PURPOSE: There is a growing number of older adults moving into assisted-living facilities to maintain their independence while being assisted with certain tasks and having convenient access to services. Physical activity (PA) and vitality play an important role in independence, as well as in mental health, of older adults. However, no research has examined the difference in older adults' levels of vitality (defined as the state of feeling alive and alert) between those living in assisted-living facilities and those from community-living settings. This study also explored sociodemographic predictors of PA and vitality among older adults living in two different types of housing.METHODS: This cross-sectional study examined differences in PA levels and vitality between older adults (aged ≥ 60 years; n = 148, mean age = 74.70 years) living in assisted-living facilities (n = 85, mean age = 77.46 years) and those in community-living settings (n = 63, mean age = 70.98 years). PA was assessed by accelerometry, and vitality was measured using the subjective vitality scale.RESULTS: Engagement in light PA and moderate to vigorous PA was higher in individuals living in community-living settings after controlling for sociodemographic variables. However, vitality was not significantly different between the two types of housing after controlling for sociodemographic variables. Marital status, education, and number of diagnosed diseases were associated with vitality.CONCLUSION: The support is needed for designing strategies to increase PA in older adults living in assisted-living facilities. More attention should be paid to increasing subjective vitality of older adults in both types of housing to promote healthy aging.
Accelerometry ; Adult ; Aging ; Assisted Living Facilities ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education ; Housing ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Mental Health ; Motor Activity

OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences of alignment and operative time between portable accelerometer-based navigation device (PAD) and computer assisted surgery (CAS) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: Data of patients using iASSIST (a kind of PAD) and OrthoPilot (a kind of CAS) for TKA in Peking University Third Hospital from December 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected. The differences of preoperative general data, preoperative alignment, operative time and postoperative alignment were studied between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 82 patients were enrolled in our study, including 40 patients in the PAD group and 42 patients in the CAS group. Gender, age, body mass index (BMI), surgical side, preoperative hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle and preoperative HKA angle deviation didn't show statistically significant difference between the PAD group and the CAS group (P>0.05). Postoperative HKA angle (180.8°±2.2° vs.181.8±1.6°, t=－2.458, P=0.016) and postoperative coronal femoral-component angle (CFA, 90.6°±1.8° vs. 91.6°±1.6°, t =－2.749, P=0.007) of the PAD group were smaller than those of the CAS group, but there was no significant difference in coronal tibia-component angle (CTA, 90.0°±1.3° vs.89.6°±1.4°, t=1.335, P=0.186) between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the rate of outliers (varus or valgus > 3°) for postoperative HKA angle (10.0% vs.11.9%, χ² =0.076, P=0.783), CFA (12.5% vs. 14.3%, χ²=0.056, P=0.813) and CTA (2.5% vs. 0%, χ²=1.063, P=0.303). There was no significant difference in the accuracy of postoperative HKA angle (2.1° vs. 2.0°, t=0.055, P=0.956), CFA (1.4° vs. 1.8°, t=－1.365, P=0.176) and CTA (1.0° vs. 1.1°, t=－0.828, P=0.410) between the two groups. The precision of postoperative HKA angle (1.1° vs. 1.3°, F=1.251, P=0.267), CFA (1.3° vs. 1.4°, F=0.817, P=0.369) and CTA (0.8° vs. 0.9°, F=0.937, P=0.336) were also not significantly different. We also didn't find statistically significant difference in operative time between the two groups [(83.4±25.6) min vs. (86.5±17.7) min, t=－0.641, P=0.524]. CONCLUSION PAD and CAS had similar accuracy and precision in alignment in TKA, and there was no significant difference in operative time, which indicates that PAD has a broad application prospect in TKA.
Accelerometry ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Humans ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Operative Time ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Tibia/surgery*

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between objective measures of sleep quality and obesity in older community-dwelling people. This cross-sectional study included 189 community-dwelling adults aged > or = 80 yr (83.4 +/- 2.5 yr [age range, 80-95 yr]). Participants wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+) on their non-dominant wrist 24 hr per day for 7 consecutive nights. Sleep parameters measured included total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and wake after sleep onset (WASO) during the night. Associations between sleep parameters and obesity were investigated by using multivariate logistic regression analysis. In multivariate models, those with sleep efficiency lower than 85% had a 2.85-fold increased odds of obesity, compared with those with sleep efficiency of 85% or higher. Similarly, those with WASO of > or = 60 min (compared with < 60 min) had a 3.13-fold increased odds of obesity. However, there were no significant associations between total sleep time or self-reported napping duration and obesity. We found that poor sleep quality was an independent risk factor for obesity in community-dwelling Japanese adults aged > or = 80 yr, even after controlling for potential confounding factors, including daily physical activity.
Accelerometry/*methods ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity/*complications ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; Sleep/*physiology ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/*complications