OBJECTIVETo characterize the time distribution of the incidence of Enterobacter cloacae nosocomial infections in children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.

METHODSThe clinical data of children with Enterobacter cloacae nosocomial infections in the PICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between January 2010 and December 2013 were collected. The monthly number of cases of Enterobacter cloacae nosocomial infections was recorded, and time series analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 software. The obtained prediction model was verified using the data from January to June in 2014.

RESULTSA total of 157 cases of Enterobacter cloacae nosocomial infections were reported in the PICU between January 2010 and December 2013, including 33 cases in 2010, 35 cases in 2011, 37 cases in 2012, and 52 cases in 2013. Time series analysis of the monthly number of cases of nosocomial infections reveals a fitted curve with a clear pattern of seasonal variation (R2=0.702, Ljung-Box Q(18)=36.021, P=0.004), with peaks in May, June, and July. The verification using the data from January to June in 2014 showed small differences between the predicted values and the actual values.

CONCLUSIONSIn the PICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, the incidence of Enterobacter cloacae nosocomial infections is high in May, June, and July every year. The prediction model is accurate and can provide a reference for infection prevention.

Child ; Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; Enterobacter cloacae ; Enterobacteriaceae Infections ; epidemiology ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ; Seasons

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical significance of serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) or Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN).

METHODSThirty-one children with HSP were selected as the HSP group, and 28 children with HSPN were selected as the HSPN group. Another 31 healthy children were selected as the control group. ELISA was used to measure serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in each group. Measurement of 24-hour urinary protein excretion was performed using an automatic biochemical analyzer in the HSPN group. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, complement C3 level and complete blood counts in each group were determined, and urine analysis was also performed.

RESULTSSerum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the HSP group were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.05), and serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the HSPN group were significantly higher than in the HSP and control groups (P<0.05). Among 12 children who underwent renal puncture biopsy, patients with higher pathological grades had higher serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3. In children with HSPN, those with proteinuria had significantly higher serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 than those without proteinuria (P<0.05). Levels of white cells, red cells, platelet count, complement C3, IgG, and IgA and IgA/C3 ratio were significantly higher in the HSP and HSPN groups than in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIncreased serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 are observed in the acute onset period of HSP, which may be related to the degree of proteinuria and renal damage. Serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 may be indicators of renal involvement.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; analysis ; Male ; Nephritis ; blood ; pathology ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; blood ; pathology