Objective To explore the association between chronic periodontitis and hypertension in rural adult Uygur residents.Methods A total of 1415 Uygur residents aged 18 and over were selected by random multistage and probability proportional to size from 364 villages in Moyu county of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region,all subjects received questionnaire,physical examination and biochemical analysis and oral examination.The subjects were categorized as periodontitis group and no periodontitis group,the periodontitis group was further categorized as mild,moderate and severe periodontitis subgroup.The relationship between chronic periodontitis with hypertension was analyzed by Spearman correlation.Binary logistic regression was used to calculate the influential factors for hypertension.Results The prevalence rates of chronic periodontitis and hypertension were 66.0％ (934/1415) and 33.8％ (478/1415),respectively.The prevalence rates of hypertension were 18.7％ ( 90/481 ),35.1％ ( 131/373 ),32.3％(62/192),52.8％ (195/369) in no periodontitis,mild,moderate and severe periodontitis groups,respectively.Spearman correlation showed an association of chronic periodontitis with hypertension (rs =0.273,P ＜ 0.01 ).After adjustment for age,gender,body mass index,waist circumference,glycometabolism disorder,hyperlipidemia,chronic kidney disease,multiple logistic regression analysis showed that periodontitis was significantly associated with hypertension ( OR = 1.75,95％ CI:1.30 - 2.36,P ＜0.01 ).Compared with no periodontitis,mild ( OR = 1.76,95％CI:1.26 -2.48,P ＜0.01 ) and severe ( OR = 2.26,95％ CI:1.57 - 3.26,P ＜ 0.01 ) periodontitis were significantly associated with hypertension while moderate periodontitis was not significantly associated with hypertension ( OR = 1.21,95％ CI:0.80 - 1.84,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion This study showed an independent association of periedontitis with hypertension in this study cohort.