Aims: Urogenital tract infection (UTI) contributes to the commonest single defined cause of infertility worldwide. To evaluate the role of urogenital tract infection in male with infertility and its association with sperm quality. Methodology and Results: Three hundred and twenty three (323) samples from infertile male subject were screened microbiologically for microorganisms associated with urogenital tract infection with seventy-two (72) age-matched male as controls using microbiological standard procedure. 164 (50.8%) infection rate was recorded. The dorminant uropathogen detected or isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (14.0%), Chlamydia trachomatis (11.4%), Escherichia coli (4.3%), Micoplasma genitalium (4.0%) Klebsielli aerogenes (4.0%). Others were Staphylococus saprophyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Protein mirabilis with 2.7% each respectively, Protein vulgaria treponema pallidum (2.1%), Schistosoma haematobium (0.9%) Wulchereria Bancrofti (0.3%), Human immune virus (2.7%). Semen profile of the male patients with urogenital tract infection had abnormal semen quality in this study P<0.05. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Oligospermic infertile male subjects should be screened for urogenital tract infection to further enhance good quality sperms and functions.

Aim: Sexually transmissible diseases such as Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes or induces incurable often fatal infections have been transmitted through Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART). This study is to determine the seroprevalence of HBV among infertile women recruited for intrauterine insemination (I.U.I). Methodology and Results: A 5mL of blood was collected and serum aspirated. The detection of HBV was carried out using global one-step rapid test kit relative sensitivity of 99% and specific of 97%. Age range of infertile women was 20 – 49 years. Approximately 30 (5.9%) out of the 512 recruited women were seropositive for HBV with increase in prevalence rate among age group of (25 – 29 years) and (30 – 34 years). The rate of infection of HBV was found to be insignificant in this study using chi-square statistical analysis (p > 0.0001). Conclusion, Significance and Impact of Study: Though the rate of the virus infection were statistically insignificant but the screening should be a continuous exercise and be carried out by all fertility center.

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation is one of the major steps of in vitro fertilization. The inaccessibility or non-visualization of developing follicles on transvaginal sonography (the preferred imaging method) may be misjudged as a poor response, resulting in cycle cancellation. It is necessary to scrupulously appraise proxy indicators for ovarian response, such as estradiol levels, endometrial thickness, and other individual clinical characteristics. This can prompt meticulous transabdominal ultrasound follicular monitoring and oocyte retrieval with the goal of averting cycle cancellation and improving treatment outcomes.
Estradiol ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans ; Infertility ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Ovulation Induction ; Proxy ; Ultrasonography