Objective To analyze the clinical features of Von-Hippel-Lindau(VHL)syndrome and explore the diagnostic value of abdominal ultrasound for this disease.Methods The clinical features including age at first diagnosis,symptoms,signs,affected organs,number of operations,and diagnostic examinations of 35 patients with VHL syndrome admitted to our center from January 1994 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The diagnostic value of abdominal ultrasound for VHL syndrome was analyzed.Results Pheochromocytoma(=14)and nervous system hemangioblastoma(=13)were the common firstly-identified tumors.Nervous system hemangioblastoma(=21),pheochromocytoma(=19),renal carcinoma(=17),and pancreatic mass(=15)were common tumors.The main surgical reasons were nervous system hemangioblastoma(=22),pheochromocytoma(=23)and renal carcinoma(=13).Abdominal organ involvements were found in 33 patients,which were first detected by abdominal ultrasound in 20 patients and were found accidently during routine health checkups in 6 patients.The ultrasound results were accurate in 27 of 33 adrenal gland scans,13 of 16 pancreas scans,and 8 of 19 kidney scans.Conclusions When multiple tumors are detected in the kidney,adrenal gland,and pancreas by ultrasound,the possibility of VHL syndrome should be considered.When the clinical findings suggest the possibility of VHL syndrome,ultrasound can discover and diagnose the abdominal tumors and can also be used for the long-term follow-up of the tumors.Therefore,ultrasound is an important method in the screening and follow-up of patients with VHL syndrome.
Abdomen ; diagnostic imaging ; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Hemangioblastoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Pheochromocytoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease ; complications ; diagnostic imaging

Both malignant tumors derived from gastrointestinal tract and metastasis from peritoneal spread, hematogenous dissemination and lymph node can lead to acute abdomen. Such acute abdomen patients have poor prognosis, high mortality, and complex clinical manifestations. It is difficult to make a correct diagnosis in clinical practice. Recent studies show that gastrointestinal tumors are associated with clinical emergency. Malignant gastrointestinal tumors mostly result in obstruction, so upper gastrointestinal contrast for gastric cancer and post-enhanced CT for colon cancer are recommended; gastrointestinal stromal tumors usually cause bleeding, so computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the first choice for examination; primary gastrointestinal lymphoma tends to cause perforation and usually occurs in small intestine, so CT is the first examination for patients with ischemic acute abdomen, and post-enhanced CT is essential to exclude small intestine carcinoid because of its rising incidence in recent years. The possibility of gastrointestinal metastasis should be kept in mind for patients with cancer presenting acute abdomen. This article focuses on the imaging features of common gastrointestinal tumors and their acute obstruction, perforation, and hemorrhage, and aims to improve the understanding of such symptoms in clinical practice so that correct diagnosis and treatment can be made in time.
Abdomen, Acute ; diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoid Tumor ; diagnostic imaging ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Intestines ; diagnostic imaging

Abdomen, Acute ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intussusception ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Ultrasonography

Abdomen/diagnostic imaging* ; Artificial Intelligence ; Body Composition ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

As a new type of magnetic resonance imaging method, amide proton transfer (APT) imaging can detect the chemical exchange characteristics of free proprotein, peptide amide proton and water proton by water signal changes, reflecting the changes of protein and pH in tissues. In recent years, clinical research on brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, hepatic encephalopathy and cervical cancer have been carried out. It is a radiation-free and non-invasive new magnetic resonance molecular imaging technology. This study briefly reviews the principle of APT technology and its clinical application, and prospects its application prospects in children's abdominal tumors.
Abdomen/pathology* ; Amides ; Child ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Protons

OBJECTIVEAn improved water-fat separation method based on region-growing was proposed for use in regions with low signal-noise ratio (SNR).

METHODSRegion-growing method was applied to 4 sub-images acquired by a down- sampling operation on the acquired phasor maps. The spatial smoothing constraint was exploited to calculate 4 error phasor maps to construct the final smooth error phasor map, which was used in two-point Dixon technique for water-fat separation.

RESULTSThe simulation experiment showed that the proposed method produced smaller errors, and for clinical images of the knees, abdomen and lower limbs, the proposed method achieved accurate water-fat separations.

CONCLUSIONThe proposed method is more robust and reliable than the original global region-growing algorithm, and serves as a promising water-fat separation method for clinical applications.

Abdomen ; diagnostic imaging ; Adipose Tissue ; diagnostic imaging ; Algorithms ; Body Water ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Knee ; diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Capsule endoscopy is being increasingly recognized as a gold standard for diagnosing small bowel disease, but along with the increased usage, capsule retention is being reported more frequently. We report a case of capsule endoscopy retention in a diverticulum of the duodenal proximal third portion, which we treated by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. A 69-year-old male visited hospital with hematochezia. He had hypertension and dyslipidemia for several years, and was taking aspirin to prevent heart disease. CT and colonoscopy revealed a diverticulum in the third portion of the duodenum, rectal polyps, and internal hemorrhoids. Capsule endoscopy was performed but capsule impaction occurred. The capsule was later detected by CT in the diverticulum. Endoscopy was performed a day later and the capsule was removed using a net. A small bowel series was conducted after capsule removal, and no stenosis was found. The patient fully recovered and no recurrence of hematochezia was observed at his one month exam. This is the first case in Korea of capsule retention in a duodenal diverticulum, with successful removal by endoscopy.
Abdomen/diagnostic imaging ; Aged ; Capsule Endoscopy ; Diverticulum/*diagnosis/diagnostic imaging ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Humans ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Computed tomography (CT) is an imaging modality that provides otherwise unobtainable information in the diagnostic workup for acute abdomen. The patient's clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory findings are essential for a correct diagnosis; however, some diagnoses are difficult to establish. Although contrast-enhanced CT is the preferred diagnostic tool and provides invaluable information, using only post-contrast images can lead to misdiagnoses. Unenhanced CT images are more useful than post-contrast images for detecting high-attenuation lesions or materials because surrounding tissues also show high attenuation on post-contrast images. Unenhanced CT often provides key imaging findings for a correct diagnosis; hence, the purpose of this article is to describe CT findings in acute abdomen with high-attenuation lesions in the gastrointestinal tract.
Adult ; Humans ; Abdomen, Acute/diagnostic imaging* ; Contrast Media ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods* ; Gastrointestinal Tract/diagnostic imaging* ; Retrospective Studies

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver is a rare variant of cholangiocarcinoma. It is known to be a highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis, but its pathogenesis remains unclear owing to limited data in the literature. We report a case of 56-year-old woman who presented with a 1-week history of epigastric pain. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 6.5-cm ill-defined mass with low signal intensity in the left lobe of the liver, which was suspicious of cholangiocarcinoma. The patient underwent left hemihepatectomy. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of malignant glandular and squamous components and staged as pT2aN1. Despite postoperative chemoradiation, the patient had recurrence 8 months after surgery.
Abdomen/diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous/diagnostic imaging/*pathology ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Female ; Gallstones/surgery ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging/*pathology ; Middle Aged ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of abdominal ultrasound in diagnosing neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and its significance in evaluating the disease severity.

METHODSThe clinical data of 84 neonates who were diagnosed with NEC between July 2013 and January 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the modified Bell-NEC staging criteria, these neonates were divided into a suspected NEC group (n=44) and a confirmed NEC group (n=40); according to clinical prognosis, they were divided into a medical treatment and full recovery group (n=58) and a surgery/death group (n=26). The changes in the results of abdominal ultrasound and abdominal X-ray plain film were compared between groups.

RESULTSIn the confirmed NEC group, abdominal ultrasound showed significantly higher detection rates of portal venous gas and dilatation of the intestine than abdominal X-ray plain film (P<0.05). Compared with the medical treatment and full recovery group, the surgery/death group had significantly higher detection rates of dilatation of intestine, bowel wall thickening, peritoneal effusion and free intraperitoneal air (P<0.05). Dilatation of the intestine and free intraperitoneal air shown by abdominal X-ray plain film were more common in the surgery/death group.

CONCLUSIONSAbdominal ultrasound is useful for the diagnosis of NEC. Ultrasonic findings can contribute to the prediction of the severity of NEC.

Abdomen ; diagnostic imaging ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography