Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of ureteroscopic holmium laser Iithotripsy for treatment of upper ureteral calculi. Methods:The clinic data of 52 cases of upper ureteral calculi treated by ureteroscope with holmium laser lithotripsy were retrospectively analyzed. There are 2 cases of bilateral upper ureteral calculi, and the total number of left upper ureteral calculi was 30, and the right side of 24. The size of the stones were (0.4～1.7) cruX (0.6～2.0) cm. Resuits:The overall successful operation rate for all upper ureteral calculi stones in single procedure was 98.1% (53/54), except 1 due to ureteral stenosis converted to open surgery. The average operation time was about 28 min(17～65 min). Fellowed up after one month, one-time stone-free rate was 90.6%(48/53), 5 eases of patients with residual calculi re-tained double-J tube and performed extracorporeal lithotripsy. Fellowed up after three months, ipsilateral hydronephrosis in all patients was significantly alleviated. Conclusions: Treatment of upper ureteral calculi by ureteroscopie holmium laser lithotripsy is safe and effective, which could be preferred used as endoscopic treatment of upper ureteral calculi.